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1

A dinosaur track assemblage from the Upper Hettangian (Lower Jurassic) marginal-marine deposits of Zapniów, Holy Cross Mountains, Poland

Niedźwiedzki G., Pieńkowski G.

Geological Quarterly

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2016

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Vol. 60, No. 4

840--856

EN

Upper Hettangian (Lower Jurassic) marginal-marine Przysucha Ore-bearing Formation exposed at Zapniów mine and clay-pit (northwestern part of the Holy Cross Mountains area, central Poland) revealed an interesting assemblage of dinosaur tracks. Although mostly yielding poorly preserved and isolated tracks probably left in shallow water conditions, the site nevertheless indicates a diversity of early saurischian (theropods and sauropodomorphs) and ornithischian (thyreophorans) dinosaur trackmakers. This new assemblage is partly consistent with the Lower-Middle Hettangian ichnorecord from the same region. The tracks are preserved in sediments of a barrier-foreshore origin within a barrier/lagoonal depositional system, belonging to the highstand systems tract, located below a marked erosional surface (sequence boundary), which is associated with a substantial fall in sea level at the end of Hettangian times. Here we described all previously and newly collected or observed in the field dinosaur tracks from both surface and underground exposures at Zapniów. Four ichnospecies: Grallator isp., Anchisauripus isp., cf. Tetrasauropus isp., and cf. Anomoepus isp. were identified. The theropod and ornithischian tracks show distinct similarities to those described from the richest in this region and most famous Gliniany Las dinosaur track assemblage, in age approximately coeval to Zapniów. Two sizes of theropod tracks (small and medium) indicate the presence of two different size classes or species of predators in this area. The described cf. Tetrasauropus isp. from Zapniów is the first unquestioned evidence of basal sauropodomorphs in the Upper Hettangian of the Holy Cross Mountains and first record of this ichnotaxa in the Lower Jurassic of Poland. Additionally, two theropod trackways (Anchisauripus isp.) show evidence for trotting. The new finds suggest similarities between marginal-marine environments (delta-plain and foreshore-barrier/lagoon lithofacies) association of dinosaurs containing low-browsing thyreophorans accompanied by small or juvenile sauropodomorphs and small to medium sized theropods. Presence of the ornithischian footprints suggests their prominent role as a major component in Middle-Upper Hettangian dinosaur faunas in marginal-marine environments dominating in the region.

2

Storm origin of bone-bearing beds in the Lower Devonian placoderm sandstone from Podłazie Hill (Holy Cross Mountains, central Poland)

Szrek P., Niedźwiedzki G., Dec M.

Geological Quarterly

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2014

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Vol. 58, No. 4

795–-806

EN

The placoderm sandstone (Emsian, Holy Cross Mountains) exposed in the abandoned quarry at Podłazie Hill was revisited and excavated during fieldwork conducted in 2011-2013. Bone-bearing breccias were identified for the first time at this site and subjected to taphonomic analysis. Vertebrate remains are dominated by heterostracans, while true placoderms compose less than 20% of the total vertebrate assemblage. The high degree of fragmentation of the bones and low degree of abrasion indicate that the remains were reworked and transported before final burial. This is consistent with the mixed character of the bone accumulations, which comprise both open-shelf forms (acanthodians, chondrichthyans) as well as those related to marginal-marine environments (placoderms and sarcopterygians). The bone-bearing succession has been subdivided into five depositional facies attributed to a coastal lagoon influenced by stormy, possibly tidal conditions. The occurrence of the invertebrate trace fossil Ilmenichnus sp. accompanied by Lockeia and Monomorphichnus supports this interpretation.

3

Odkrycie i fantazje – czyli prawdziwa historia badań nad tropami czworonogów w Zachełmiu (Góry Świętokrzyskie) i innych osobliwooeci towarzyszących badaniom naukowym

Niedźwiedzki G., Szrek P.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2011

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Vol. 59, nr 2

154-156

4

Nowy zespół kręgowców z marginalnomorskich i lądowych osadów dolnego kajpru (ladyn, środkowy trias) z Miedar na Śląsku

Sulej T., Niedźwiedzki G., Niedźwiedzki R., Surmik D., Stachacz M.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2011

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Vol. 59, nr 5

426-426

EN

Vertebrate remains, mostly nothosaurid vertebrae and long bones, archosaur partially preserved long bones and teeth (probably rauisuchid remains), fish teeth and scales, are described from the Lower Keuper Miedary Beds (Ladinian, Middle Triassic) of Miedary, Silesia, SW Poland. The analyzed vertebrate fossils were collected from three lithologically different types of deposits. The first assemblage, which contains nothosaurid and fish remains, occurs in yellowish dolomites, where poorly preseved invertebrate macrofossils were also found (marine bivalves and brachiopods). In grey-yellowish, sometimes greenish or red clays, rare isolated bones and teeth of large archosaur were found. In sandstone intercalations partially preserved and highly disarticulated fish fossils were identified. In all assemblages osteological remains are generally very well preserved. This new interesting vertebrate bones association from the upper part of the Middle Triassic marginal-marine strata of Poland has been correlated with age-equivalents from other regions of Europe.

5

Tropy dinozaurów z wczesnojurajskiego ekosystemu z Sołtykowa w Górach Świętokrzyskich

Niedźwiedzki G.

Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego

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2011

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nr 447

49--98

PL

W artykule została przedstawiona rekonstrukcja wczesnojurajskiego zespołu dinozaurów (sprzed około 200 milionów lat) na podstawie danych paleoichnologicznych (skamieniałości śladowych – tropów dinozaurów). W latach 1997–2009 autor zebrał ze stanowiska w Sołtykowie materiał badawczy liczący kilkadziesiąt okazów, wykonał również szereg dokumentacji fotograficznych oraz replik gipsowych (odlewów) z okazów pozostawionych w terenie. Ten materiał to tropy dinozaurów drapieżnych – teropodów oraz roślinożernych zauropodomorfów i wczesnych dinozaurów ptasiomiednicznych. Artykuł zawiera również charakterystykę środowiska abiotycznego oraz innych znalezisk paleontologicznych i paleoichnologicznych (skamieniałości śladowe bezkręgowców). Odsłonięcie Sołtyków reprezentuje unikatowy zapis wczesnojurajskiego ekosystemu lądowego, związanego z rozwojem rzeki anastomozująco-meandrującej oraz przyległych do niej obszarów równi zalewowej. Stanowisko to dostarcza danych paleoichnologicznych użytecznych do określenia różnorodności biologicznej, stanu ewolucyjnego i biologii wczesnych dinozaurów oraz innych ówczesnych kręgowców lądowych (gadów ssakokształtnych wczesnych ssaków, lepidozaurów, pterozaurów i wczesnych krokodylomorfów).

EN

This paper presents reconstruction of the Early Jurassic dinosaurs assemblage (about 200 million years old) based on paleoichnological data (trace fossils – tracks of dinosaurs). In 1997–2009, the author collected paleontological material counting several tens of specimens from the Sołtyków clay-pit and made photographic documentation in the site, as well as replica plaster (casts) from specimens left in the field. This material contains predatory dinosaur tracks and tracks of herbivorous sauropodomorphs and early ornithischia. This publication also includes description of the abiotic environment and other paleontological finds (e.g., insects, bivalves fossils) and paleoichnological finds (invertebrate trace fossils). The Early Jurassic deposits from Sołtyków represent a unique record of an ecosystem of in-land environment connected with the development of an anastomosing-meandering river and adjacent flood plains. This locality provides paleoichnological data valuable for determining biodiversity, evolutionary position and biology of the early dinosaurs and other terrestrial vertebrates (mammal-like reptiles, early mammals, lepidosaurs, pterosaurs and early crocodylomorphs).

6

Zawiłe ścieżki badań nad kręgowcami dewońskimi w Polsce

Szrek P., Dec M., Jaszczuk A., Krawczyński C., Nast D., Niedźwiedzki G.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2010

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Vol. 58, nr 6

495-498

EN

We all represent a great group of vertebrates, Tetrapoda. Nowadays this is diversified and large taxon which includes eg. dogs, elephants, frogs as well as snakes, sparrows and dolphins. All of them (and us) have a common ancestor which lived in area of the present-day Holy Cross Mountains over 395 myr ago, that is in the Middle Devonian times (Niedźwiedzki et al., 2010). In this paper we recall our great scientists who made first steps in this field and opened the way for the next discoveries. We also present a brief history of Polish vertebrate paleontology. Last years of XIX and the beginning of XX century gave us many classical papers written by great geologists such as Georg Gürich and Jan Czarnocki. They created a general framework for the recent knowledge about the Devonian of the Holy Cross Mountains and collected many important specimens subsequently investigated by paleontologists - Zinaida Gorizdro-Kulczycka, Julian Kulczycki, Michał Ginter and authors of this paper. One of those paleontologists - Julian Kulczycki - created a scientific basis for Polish centre of studies on Paleozoic vertebrates. Because of reasons independent of him, Kulczycki could not achieve this goal. Inspired by Kulczycki’s work as well as our discovery of footprints of first tetrapods and other new finds we decided to form a working group of young scientists to carry out further investigations. The studies are to be conducted in the Holy Cross Mountains Paleontological Laboratory which is being organized in the Kielce branch of the Polish Geological Institute - National Research Institute and in close cooperation with several national and foreign research centers.

7

Polsko-rosyjska ekspedycja do permsko-triasowych stanowisk paleontologicznych na platformie wschodnioeuropejskiej

Tałanda M., Niedźwiedzki G., Bronowicz R., Sulej T.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2010

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Vol. 58, nr 2

127-129

8

Nowe znaleziska tropów dinozaurów z osadów liasowych Gór Świętokrzyskich

Niedźwiedzki G., Remin Z., Roszkowska J., Meissner U.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2009

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Vol. 57, nr 3

252-262

EN

New Lower Jurassic material of dinosaur tracks has been found in the coastal siliciclastic and fluvial deposits of the Holy Cross Mountains (HCMts.), Poland. Three poorly preserved specimens of small to medium-sized theropod dinosaur footprints, assigned to cf. Grallator isp. and cf. Anchisauripus isp.,were found in the Sinemurian deposits exposed in the Starachowice outcrop. Sixteen specimens of dinosaur tracks, referred to ichnotaxa cf. Grallator isp., Anchisauripus isp., cf. Kayentapus isp., cf. Moyenisauropus isp., Theropoda indet., and Dinosauria indet., have been found in the upper Hettangian deposits of the Przysucha Ore-Bearing Formation and the Lower Sinemurian Ostrowiec Formation exposed near Żarnów (Paszkowice and Żarnów sites) in the northwestern part of the HCMts. Dinosaur footprints (cf. Anchisauripus isp., cf. Kayentapus isp.; and cf. Moyenisauropus isp.) and non-dinosaur tracks were found at the Bielowice site, known also as Wólka Karwicka near Opoczno. Interesting large ornithischian footprint (cf. Moyenisauropus isp.) and small-medium theropod footprints (Anchisauripus isp.) were found in the Zagaje Formation of Chyby near Mniów. Ornithischian dinosaur tracks similar to Moyenisauropus were also found in Skłoby Formation at Szwarszowice near Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski. The last finds reported herein, the well preserved specimens of Anomoepus, Anchisauripus, Eubrontes and Kayentapus-like footprints, came from the new tracksite of Szydłówek. Tracks made by large theropods (cf. Megalosauripus isp.) and sauropods were also found at this site. The material came from the strata representing a large barrier-lagoon/deltaic sequence. These new finds confirm that the barrier-lagoonal association of theropod dinosaurs of the Lower Jurassic of the HCMts. is characterised by dominance of small and medium-sized forms but contains also prints made by larger animals. The analysis of the Liassic ichnocenosis suggests that Anchisauripus was a facies-independent ichnotaxon. In the Lower Jurassic of Poland this ichnogenus was identified in the fluvial (aluvial-plain), deltaic (delta-plain), and barier-lagoonal deposits.

9

A distinctive crouching theropod trace from the Lower Jurassic of Poland

Gierliński G. D., Lockley M. G., Niedźwiedzki G.

Geological Quarterly

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2009

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Vol. 53, No 4

471-476

EN

A well-preserved, essentially complete and distinctive trace fossil of a crouching, medium-sized theropod dinosaur is reported from the northern slope of the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland. Crouching theropod traces are rare, and currently known from only six specimens from the Jurassic of North America and Asia. Thus, this new specimen adds a seventh specimen to the dinosaur track record. The specimen was found in the Early Jurassic (Late Pliensbachian) sandstones mined in the Szydłówek quarry, in the vicinity of Szydłowiec.

10

Small theropod and ornithopod footprints in the Late Jurassic of Poland

Gierliński G., Niedźwiedzki G., Nowacki P.

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2009

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Vol. 59, no. 2

221-234

EN

Late Jurassic material of small theropod and ornithopod dinosaur footprints are reported from the northeastern slope of the Holy cross Mountains, Poland. The ichnites occur in five lithostratigraphical units of an epicontinental basin in central Poland. Small theropod tracks, Wildeichnus isp. and Jialingpus isp., came from the Bałtów Platy Limestones, Bałtów Coral Limestones and Wierzbica Oolite and Platy Limestones. Four specimens of small ornithopod footprints, assigned to Dinehichnus isp., were found in the Błaziny Oolite Limestones and Wierzbica Oolite and Platy Limestones. a medium-sized ornithopod footprint, identified as cf. Dinehichnus isp., was discovered in the Ożarów Oolite and Platy Limestones. The described footprints from the Upper Jurassic of Poland are smaller than similar types of ichnites from other parts of the world. The Polish Late Jurassic dinosaur community probably represented a diminutive insular fauna.

11

Invertebrate trace fossil assemblages from the Lower Hettangian of Sołtyków, Holy Cross Mountains, Poland

Pieńkowski G., Niedźwiedzki G.

Volumina Jurassica

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2008

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Vol. 6, no. 1

109--132

EN

Invertebrate trace fossil assemblages from the Hettangian (Early Jurassic) alluvial plain deposits of Sołtyków (Holy Cross Mts, Poland) represent three terrestrial ichnofacies: the Mermia ichnofacies (entirely aquatic), Scoyenia ichnofacies, and Coprinisphaera ichnofacies. They span environments from shallow lacustrine to different subaerial fluvial environments. Bivalve burrows and traces, oligochaetae, insect and crayfishes burrows, plant roots, vertebrate tracks and other types of trace fossils record information on biodiversity and palaeoecological conditions. The Sołtykow ichnoassemblages confirm that terrestrial ichnocoenoses were quite diversified, chiefly a result of a changing water table and food availability. Diversity of trace fossils was supported by the strongly mosaic character of local environments. Bivalve burrows are very diversified, and several ichnogenera have been distinguished. Trace fossil producers as well as functional, taphonomic and preservational aspects of ichnofossils are discussed. The following ichnotaxa have been recognized: Lockeia siliquaria James, 1879; L. amygdaloides (Seilacher, 1953); L. czarnockii (Karaszewski, 1974); Scalichnus isp.; Scoyenia isp.; Spongeliomorpha isp.; Spongeliomorpha carlsbergi (Bromley and Asgaard, 1979); Cruziana problematica (Schindewolf, 1921); cf. Cruziana isp.; Rusophycus isp.; Diplichnites isp.; cf. Kouphichnium sp.; Planolites isp.; Palaeophycus isp.; Cochlichnus isp.; cf. Helminthoidichnites isp.; cf. Xylonichnus isp., and Linckichnus terebrans Schlirf, 2006. Various structures attributed to arthropod burrows (vertical to subvertical tunnels), chambered insect nests of Pallichnidae affinity or other nests with septa, earthworm burrows as well as enigmatic radial chambers, likely made by crayfishes, are illustrated. The new bivalve dwelling ichnotaxon Calceoformites uchmani igen. et isp. n. is described.

12

Wyjście kręgowców na ląd-zapis w dewonie Gór Świętokrzyskich

Szrek P., Niedźwiedzki G.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2008

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Vol. 56, nr 11

973-976

13

Tropy wielkich teropodów z osadów górnego pliensbachu Gór Świętokrzyskich

Niedźwiedzki G., Remin Z.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2008

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Vol. 56, nr 9

823-823

EN

New gigantic theropod dinosaur footprints were discovered in the upper Pliensbachian deposits of the Holy Cross Mountains (Poland). This discovery provides new ichnological evidence for the global occurrence of gigantic predatory dinosaurs in the earliest Jurassic time. Interestingly, this is the third find of gigantic theropod ichnites in the Lower Jurassic of Poland. The first record of gigantic tracks from this area came from the well-known lower Hettangian tracksite in Sołtyków. New finds from the Szydłówek quarry were discovered in siliciclastic strata, which are interpreted as nearshore, shoreface and marginal marine. Hitherto, five isolated specimens of gigantic theropod footprints (40–60 cm long) were found in this tracksite. Another large theropod footprints (30–40 cm) identified at Szydłówek, resemble classic theropod ichnotaxa of the Newark Supergroup (i.e., Eubrontes). Intriguing gigantic theropod ichnites from the Holy Cross Mountains are more similar to large prints left byMiddle and Late Jurassic theropods than to those from the Early Jurassic. These footprints seem even larger because of their large metatarsophalangeal area. Relatively large metatarsophalangeal area is often observed in the large theropod footprints from the post-Liassic strata. New paleoichnological finds from Poland suggest rapid increase of predatory dinosaur body size in Early Jurassic time.

14

Ślady dinozaurów drapieżnych z osadów retyku w Seebergen (Turyngia, Niemcy)

Niedźwiedzki G.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2008

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Vol. 56, nr 7

539-539

EN

Four ichnotypes of theropod dinosaur tracks (described in this paper as cf. Grallator isp., Anchisauripus isp., cf. Eubrontes isp., and Theropoda indet.) were identified in the middle-upper Rhaetian deposits exposed in the Seebergen quarry located near Kammerbruch in the Thuringia Basin, Central Germany. This new paleoichnological find is very important for understanding of diversity and composition of the latest Triassic (Rhaetian) vertebrate assemblages (especially dinosaur assemblages), what is essential for studies on the Late Triassic and Early Jurassic faunal change.

15

Środkowotriasowa ichnofauna kręgowców z "warstw z Krynek" w Górach Świętokrzyskich : wstępny przegląd

Niedźwiedzki G., Kin A., Remin Z., Małkiewicz M.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2007

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Vol. 55, nr 10

870-879

EN

Numerous specimens of vertebrate tracks were discovered in the uppermost Röt (uppermost Buntsandstein) deposits of "Krynki Beds" that crop out at Witulin, Parszów, Małe Jodło, Jarugi, Bliżyn, and Sorbin in the north-eastern and central margin of the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland. The following vertebrate ichnotaxa were identified in these localities: Chirotherium barthii Kaup, 1835; Chirotherium cf. sickleri; Synaptichnium cf. diabloense; Isochirotherium herculis (Egerton, 1839); ? Isochirotherium cf. herculis; Isochirotherium isp.; Chirotheriidae indet.; Rhynchosauroides isp., and Rhynchosauroidae indet. The ichnoassemblage from the "Krynki Beds" is very similar to ichnoassociations which are known from: 1) latest Early and early Middle Triassic (Upper Buntsandstein) deposits of the Central European Basin, 2) latest Early and early Middle Triassic Moenkopi Formation of USA, 3) Middle Triassic deposits of United Kingdom, France and Italy.

16

Large Chirotheriidae tracks in the Early Triassic of Wióry, Holy Cross Mountains, Poland

Niedźwiedzki G., Ptaszyński T.

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2007

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Vol. 57, no. 3

325-342

EN

Very large chirotheriid tracks have been discovered in the Early Triassic Wióry Formation (=Labyrinthodontidae and Hieroglyphic Beds), middle part of the Middle Buntsandstein, exposed at Wióry in the northeastern part of the Holy Cross Mountains (central Poland). Hitherto, six small and medium-sized chirotheriid tracks from the Wióry locality have been described. In the present paper two ichnotaxa are proposed: Synaptichnium senkowiczowae ichnosp. nov. and Brachychirotherium kalkowensis ichnosp. nov. Their presumed trackmakers, large Early Triassic (Olenekian) Archosauriformes (Proterosuchidae, Erythrosuchidae), about 5-7 m long, are unknown from the osteological record of this age worldwide. The newly described ichnotaxa represent the oldest known record of large chirotheriid tracks in the Middle Buntsandstein of Poland. The presence of large chirotheriid tracks in the upper part of the Early Triassic deposits is very important for the understanding of the evolution and radiation of early Archosauromorpha, as well as for reconstructing Early Triassic terrestrial palaeoecosystems.

17

Ślady wielkich teropodów z wczesnojurajskich osadów Gór Świętokrzyskich

Niedźwiedzki G.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2006

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Vol. 54, nr 7

615-621

EN

Numerous gigantic and large theropod dinosaur footprints were recently discovered in the Lower Jurassic deposits of the Holy Cross Mountains (central Poland). These finds provide paleoichnological evidence for the occurrence of gigantic predatory dinosaurs in the earliest Jurassic (Hettangian) times. The gigantic and large theropod tracks came from two well-known lower Hettangian tracksites at Sołtykow and Gromadzice. The Sołtyków outcrop represents a siliciclastic coal-bearing lithofacies association of a fairly well-watered alluvial plain. The sequence from the Gromadzice site is dominated by typical meandering river deposits with lenticular, incised channels and overbank mudstones, rich in drifted flora and plant roots. Hitherto, twenty four specimens of gigantic theropod Eubrontes-like footprints (50–65 cm long) were found at Sołtyków tracksite. Another large theropod footprints (30–45 cm) identified at Sołtyków, resemble Kayentapus-like ichnites and classic ichnotaxa of the Newark Supergroup (i.e., Eubrontes giganteus Hitchcock, 1845 sensu Olsen et al., 1998). In the Gromadzice site, large Eubrontes giganteus, Eubrontes sp., and cf. Eubrontes sp. footprints were identified. The intriguing gigantic ichnites from Sołtyków are more similar to the large prints left by Middle–Late Jurassic theropods than to other finds from the Early Jurassic.

18

Stanowisko z tropami kręgowców z osadów najwyższego środkowego pstrego piaskowca Gór Świętokrzyskich

Kuleta M., Niedźwiedzki G., Zbroja S.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2006

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Vol. 54, nr 12

1081-1081, 1088

EN

TheMiddle Buntsandstein material of vertebrate tracks has been found at new site in the northern margin of the Holy Cross Mountains (central Poland). Several dozen specimens of Chirotheriidae (Chirotherium cf. barthii, cf. Brachychirotherium sp., Isochirotherium sp., and Chirotheriidae indet.) and Rhynchosauroidae (Rhynchosauroides sp., Rhynchosauroidae indet.) tracks are reported from the deposits of the Samsonów Formation (=Pseudooolithic Beds) at the Pałęgi clay pit located near Mniów. Poorly preserved cf. Capitosauroides sp. and numerous swimming animal traces were also found in this site. Those are the first finds of vertebrate tracks from the uppermost Middle Buntsandstein strata in the Holy Cross Mountains.

19

Pstry piaskowiec w Górach Świętokrzyskich: chronostratygrafia i korelacja litostratygraficzna z basenem turyńskim

Ptaszyński T., Niedźwiedzki G.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2006

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Vol. 54, nr 6

525-533

EN

The study was performed to attempt the lithostratigraphic correlation of the Buntsandstein in the margin of Holy Cross Mountains region with that of the Thuringian Basin, and simultaneously, to clarify its position in the chronostratigraphic scheme, basing on biostratigraphic data (microflora, conchostracans), and on the existence of regional discordances. The authors found strong analogies with other Buntsandstein sections of the Europe. On the other hand, because of the position of the studied area within the marginal part of the Central European Basin, Buntsandstein of the Holy Cross Mountains region is developed in different facies, more fluvial, instead of lacustrine ones. The common presence of Conchostraca representing the same species as in other parts of the Central European Basin (Thuringia), enables possible the correlation of the investigated area with the Thuringian Basin, and helps to locate stratigraphic gaps and discordances. The authors found that the lower boundary of the Buntsandstein and the boundary between the Lower and Middle Buntsandstein in the Polish study area are not equivalents of those in other areas. Also note worthy is the presence at the margin of the Holy Cross Mountains of youngest Permian terrigenous deposits not connected with the Zechstein salinar sedimentation, included to date to Zechstein or to Buntsandstein. The key for understanding the lithostratigraphic scheme of the Buntsandstein of Holy Cross Mountains region is an assumption, that the Zagnańsk Formation is mostly of fluvial, instead of lacustrine origin, consisting of equivalents of the whole Lower Buntsandstein, and that of the lower Volpriehausen Formation of the Middle Buntsandstein, with the Volpriehausen discordance present within. Authors also assume, that at least in this case, differences in the marginal part of the sedimentary basin, in comparison with its central part, depend on the presence of fluvial facies instead of lacustrine ones, and onthe presence of sedimentary gaps and discordances whose duration is progressively longer towards the basin margin enlarges in the direction to the basin margin.

20

Nowe znalezisko śladów dinozaurów w górnym triasie Tatr

Niedźwiedzki G.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2005

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Vol. 53, nr 5

410--413

EN

New material of dinosaur footprints has been found in the Late Triassic fluvial-lacustrine deposits of the Tatra Mountains, Poland. Footprints discovered in a well-known Rhaetian strata of the Tomanová Formation represent pedal ichnites of Kayentapus sp. and Anomoepus sp. These are the second reported record of dinosaur footprints in the Tatra Mountains.