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Postglacial morpholineaments as an indicator of ice sheet dynamics during the Saale Glaciation in the Białystok Plateau and Sokółka Hills (NE Poland)

Rychel J., Morawski M.

Geological Quarterly

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2017

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Vol. 61, No. 2

334--349

EN

The palaeogeographical reconstruction of the deglaciation process in NE Poland during the Odranian Glaciation Wartanian Stadial (Saale MIS 6) is based mainly on the analysis of glacial morpholineaments, performed using the GIS programs that provide us with better understanding of the glacial landscape evolution, spatial reconstruction of glacial processes, and postglacial landscape development. Analysis of postglacial morpholineaments was carried out based on the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) as well as geological, geomorphological and topographic maps. It resulted in the delimitation of visible linear postglacial landforms, their identification and classification, and the determination of their genetic and chronological relations. Directions of the lineaments were determined through quantitative analysis. Qualitative analysis was applied to determine the spatial and temporal sequence of events, directions of ice movement and its range. Two glacial lobes, Biebrza and Neman, existed in the north-western part of the Białystok Plateau and Sokółka Hills during the last glacial advance. The lobed nature of the ice sheet can be confirmed by field data collected from, e.g., sites in Knyszewicze, and by topographic analysis of Quaternary sediments, combined with their thickness and genesis. The obtained reconstruction of the last glacial advance and retreat in the study area can be used in further regional discussions on the character and dynamics of the last glaciation in this region.

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Ice-Sheet Dynamics of Warta Glaciation (Saale) in the Marginal Zone of Knyszewicze Area, Northeastern Poland

Rychel J., Woronko B., Karasiewicz M. T., Szymczuk P., Morawski M.

Studia Quaternaria

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2015

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Vol. 32, Nr 2

79--90

EN

The paper presents a research on a marginal zone near Knyszewicze in the southern part of Sokółka Hills (northeastern Poland). Terminal moraine hills are arranged amphitheatrically in a lobal pattern. Dynamics of the Knyszewicze frontal ice-sheet lobe during the Saale Glaciation and successive stages of the marginal zone near the village of Knyszewicze were reconstructed based on sedimentary and geomorphological analysis, using a digital elevation model and morpholineaments. Three main phases of the Knyszewicze glacial-lobe activity were identified including accumulation of glaciofluvial deposits, advances of the ice margin and ice-lobe retreat. Moraine hills developed at a stable ice-lobe terminus, initially as short end-moraine fans with the following sequence of lithofacies Gh=>SGh=>Sh or Gm=>Gh=>Sh. Such a sequence indicates cyclic sheet-floods. During a small but dynamic advance of the ice sheet terminus, these deposits were moved forward and monoclinally folded, then furrowed with sloping faults due to horizontal pressure. Typical thrust-block push moraines developed in this way. Ice sheet advance took place when permafrost was present in the substratum and very high water pressure occurred at glacial terminus. Inside a lobal configuration of moraines, there is a rich inventory of glacial forms with a classic terminal depression in the central part. Based on this landform pattern, their shape, rhythm and glaciotectonic disturbances, the land relief may be referred to as a hill-hole pair. The structure of Horczaki Knoll, deposited on the sub-Quaternary tectonic structure, significantly contributed to a development of this marginal zone.

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Kartografia geoturystyczna dla parków krajobrazowych w Polsce

Rychel J.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2015

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Vol. 63, nr 12/2

1455--1460

EN

In 2014, NRI has issued seven geological and touristic maps of landscape parks. For two of them were also created geological information boards. These maps both form and content refer to previous publications of this type. They are elaborated in GIS applications using new technologies, eg. GPS measurements, orthophotomap, satellite images, digital terrain model. Geological maps contain clearly and attractively redacted explanations, elements of topography, hydrography, ecology and tourism. They promote nature and landscape protection but also inform about the geology of each park.

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Mapy geologiczno-turystyczne jako jedna z podstawowych form popularyzacji geoturystyki

Rychel J., Kucharska M., Pochocka-Szwarc K.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2012

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Vol. 60, nr 11

589–-592

EN

We have recently observed an expansion of geoturism in Poland. It is a global trend connected with geoheritage and geodiversity protection. Geotourist maps contain basic information about the geology, history and nature of a region, many touristic data and a description of interesting sites. These maps are a basic way of popularizing geotourism. They serve to promote a region and are useful for educational purposes.

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Komentarz do tekstu H. Banaszuka: „Uwagi do opracowania L. Marks, A. Karabanov (red.) - »Mapa geologiczna północnej części obszaru przygranicznego Polski i Białorusi 1 : 250 000« PIG-PIB, Warszawa 2011”

Ebr A., Krzywicki T., Marks L., Pochocka-Szwarc K., Rychel J., Woronko B.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2012

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Vol. 60, nr 8

430--431

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Mapy geologiczno-turystyczne parków narodowych

Kucharska M., Pochocka-Szwarc K., Rychel J., Krzywicki T., Ber A., Danel W., Pielach M.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2011

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Vol. 59, nr 4

352-352

EN

In 2010, the geological-tourist maps were compiled for the Białowieża National Park (Krzywicki&Pielach, 2010), Babia Góra National Park (Wójcik et al., 2010), Polesie National Park (Kucharska & Danel, 2010), Roztocze National Park (Krąpiec et al., 2010), Wigry National Park (Rychel et al., 2010 ). The maps were commissioned by the Ministry of Environment and their preparation financed by the National Fund for Environmental Protection and Water Management. The sets prepared for each of the above listed national parks include: a colour map with the geological and tourist legends accompanied by a comprehensive description, photos, graphs and other visuals. The maps are important tool for popularization and promotion of geotourism as they meet availability criteria. Moreover, the presentation is not only clear but also satisfactory even for a demanding tourist.

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Struktury glacitektoniczne a dynamika lądolodu zlodowacenia Wisły na zachodnim skłonie Garbu Lubawskiego

Gałązka D., Rychel J., Krysiak Z.

Prace Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego

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2009

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T. 194

27--34

PL

Garb Lubawski z kulminacją Wzgórz Dylewskich to obszar masowego występowania struktur glacitektonicznych, związanych z istnieniem w tym rejonie szeregu różnoskalowych stref międzylobowych ukształtowanych podczas stadiału głównego zlodowacenia Wisły. Różna dynamika, charakter i czas transgresji lądolodu lobów wiślanego i mazurskiego w czasie ostatniego zlodowacenia znajdują odzwierciedlenie w następstwie struktur glacitektonicznych obserwowanych w odsłonięciach. Odkrywka w rejonie Rożentala umożliwia prześledzenie przebiegu procesów sedymentacyjnych i glacitektonicznych, które doprowadziły do powstania kilkudziesięciu bliźniaczo podobnych form szczelinowych znajdujących się na zachodnim skłonie Garbu Lubawskiego. Jądro omawianej formy w Rożentalu powstało podczas deglacjacji frontalnej pierwszego, maksymalnego nasunięcia lądolodu stadiału głównego zlodowacenia Wisły, najprawdopodobniej jako stożek marginalny. Podczas kolejnej (lub kolejnych) oscylacji czoła lądolodu wzgórze to zostało przebudowane we wrzecionowatą formę szczelinową.

EN

The Lubawa Ridge with Dylewskie Heights are abundantin glaciotectonic phenomena related to many intra-lobe zones (varied in scale) observed in this area. These zones were formed during the main stage of the Weichselian (= Vistulian) Glaciation. Different dynamics and timing of the advance of the Vistulian and Mazury lobs from the Last Glaciation are reflected in the succession of glaciotectonic structures observed in the Rożental outcrop.The Rożental outcrop is unique for investigation of sedimentary and glaciotectonic processes. Rożental hill is one of several tens of crevasse landforms present on the western slope of the Lubawa Ridge. Rożental hill was created during frontal deglaciation of the first-maximal Weichselian ice-sheet advance (the main stage). Primarily, it was probably an ice-marginal fan. The hill was rebuilt into a spindle-shaped crevasse landform during the next oscillation (or oscillations) of the glacier front.