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Two-stage bacteriophage production process supported by the electromagnetic field

Rakoczy Rafał, Konopacki Maciej, Kordas Marian, Grygorcewicz Bartłomiej

Chemical and Process Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 43, nr 4

491-–506

EN

The practical applications of bacteriophages are associated with the problems related to the intensification, optimization of process production of this biomaterial and the search for new methods of production. The production of bacteriophages requires a fine balance between the dynamic growth of the bacteriophage and the host. The electromagnetic field (EMF) is a promising biotechnological method for the process production of bacteriophages. This study evaluates the use of various types of EMF to enhance the process. It was found that the process production of bacteriophages is divided into two stages. In the first stage, the influence of various types of EMF on the proliferation process of bacteria (host) was analyzed. Secondly, the process production of bacteriophage was implemented for the optimal infection conditions under the action of the various types of EMF. Moreover, the study demonstrated that the most effective bacteriophage production was the process with the application of the rotating magnetic field (RMF), pulsed magnetic field (PMF) and the static magnetic field (SMF) with negative polarity.

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Growth optimization of Klebsiella pneumoniae in magnetically assisted bioreactor

Konopacki Maciej, Augustyniak Adrian, Grygorcewicz Bartłomiej, Dołęgowska Barbara, Kordas Marian, Rakoczy Rafał

Chemical and Process Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 43, nr 3

289–-304

EN

In recent years, infections are more often caused by pathogens with high multi-drug resistance, classified as the “ESKAPE” microorganisms. Therefore, investigation of these pathogens, e.g., Klebsiella pneumoniae, often requires biomass production for treatment testing such as antibiotics or bacteriophages. Moreover, K. pneumoniae can be successfully applied as a biocatalyst for other industrial applications, increasing the need for this bacteria biomass. In the current study, we proposed a novel magnetically assisted bioreactor for the cultivation of K. pneumoniae cells in the presence of an external alternating magnetic field (AMF). High efficiency of the production requires optimal bacteria growth conditions, e.g., temperature and field frequency. Therefore, we performed an optimization procedure using a central composite design for these two parameters in a wide range. As an objective function, we utilized a novel, previously described growth factor that considers both biomass and bacteria growth kinetics. Thus, based on the response surface, we could specify the optimal growth conditions. Moreover, we analysed the impact of the AMF on bacteria proliferation, which indicated positive field frequency windows, where the highest stimulatory effect of AMF on bacteria proliferation occurred. Obtained results proved that the magnetically assisted bioreactor could be successfully employed for K. pneumoniae cultivation.

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Dynamic modelling of bacteriophage production process

Konopacki Maciej, Grygorcewicz Bartłomiej, Gliźniewicz Marta, Miłek Dominika, Kordas Marian, Rakoczy Rafał

Chemical and Process Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 43, nr 4

471–-482

EN

Bacteriophages, viruses that can infect bacteria, are promising alternatives for antibiotic treatment caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria strains. For that reason, the production of bacteriophages is extensively studied. Mathematical modelling can lead to the improvement of bioprocess by identification of critical process parameters and their impact on the demanded product. Dynamic modelling considers a system (i.e. bioreactor or bioprocess) as a dynamic object focusing on changes in the initial and final parameters (such as biomass concentration and product formation) in time, so-called signals and treats the studied system as a “black box” that processes signals. This work aimed to develop a mathematical model that describes bacteriophage production process. As result, we created a dynamic model that can estimate the number of bacteriophages released from cells as plaque-forming units at specific time points based on the changes in the bacteria host-cell concentration. Moreover, the proposed model allowed us to analyze the impact of the initial virus concentration given by multiplicity of infection (MOI) on the amount of produced bacteriophages.

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Studies of a mixing process induced by a rotating magnetic field with the application of magnetic particles

Rakoczy Rafał, Kordas Marian, Markowska-Szczupak Agata, Konopacki Maciej, Augustyniak Adrian, Jabłońska Joanna, Paszkiewicz Oliwia, Dubrowska Kamila, Story Grzegorz, Story Anna, Ziętarska Katarzyna, Sołoducha Dawid, Borowski Tomasz, Roszak Marta, Grygorcewicz Bartłomiej, Dołęgowska Barbara

Chemical and Process Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 42, nr 2

157-–172

EN

We demonstrate in this study that a rotating magnetic field (RMF) and spinning magnetic particles using this kind of magnetic field give rise to a motion mechanism capable of triggering mixing effect in liquids. In this experimental work two mixing mechanisms were used, magnetohydrodynamics due to the Lorentz force and mixing due to magnetic particles under the action of RMF, acted upon by the Kelvin force. To evidence these mechanisms, we report mixing time measured during the neutralization process (weak acid-strong base) under the action of RMF with and without magnetic particles. The efficiency of the mixing process was enhanced by a maximum of 6.5% and 12.8% owing to the application of RMF and the synergistic effect of magnetic field and magnetic particles, respectively