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Greening the supply chain: antecedents and ownership structure driving triple bottom line performance in Malaysian manufacturing firm

Ramli Erna Masfiza Mohamed, Islam Rafikul, Hadi Nabawiyah Abdul, Ismail Noor Idayu

LogForum

2025

Vol. 21, no 2

303--316

Background: The manufacturing industry in Malaysia is a significant contributor to national economic growth, yet it also generates substantial environmental challenges due to rapid industrial expansion. Promoting sustainability in this sector is therefore essential, particularly through the identification of key antecedents such as financial resources, management support, supply chain collaboration, and green procurement practices. These factors influence sustainability outcomes across the economic, environmental, and social dimensions. However, their individual contributions remain underexplored, particularly when considering the moderating effects of organizational ownership-whether private, public, or foreign-owned. Method: This study employs Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling [PLS-SEM] to analyze survey data from 330 employees in large and medium-sized manufacturing firms across Malaysia. Guided by the Natural Resource-Based View [NRBV] theory, it examines the influence of these antecedents on triple-bottom-line performance-covering environmental, social, and economic aspects-while considering the moderating role of organizational ownership. Results: This quantitative study employs a cross-sectional survey design, collecting data from 330 employees in large and medium-sized Malaysian manufacturing firms. Using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling [PLS-SEM], the study examines the impact of key antecedents on triple-bottom-line performance, including environmental, social, and economic dimensions, within the Natural Resource-Based View [NRBV] framework. The moderating effect of Organizational ownership is also assessed. Conclusion: Financial investment and green procurement emerge as key drivers of sustainability in Malaysian manufacturing. The study highlights the differentiated influence of ownership types and the relatively weaker impact of top management support and supplier collaboration. Strategically integrating these factors can improve sustainability outcomes and strengthen competitiveness in an increasingly eco-conscious global market.