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1
Content available The photogrammetric approach in conical picks wear rate evaluation
Krauze Krzysztof, Mucha Kamil, Wydro Tomasz, Pawlik Jan, Wróblewska-Pawlik Aleksandra
Production Engineering Archives
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2023
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Vol. 29, Iss. 4
413-420
EN
The cutting tools in mining industry are especially prone to rapid wear, since most of the rocks exhibit aggressive abrasion attributes. A typical representative of fast wearing mining end-tools is a conical pick (also known as tangential-rotary cutter). In order to decrease the premature deterioration, the manufacturers and users tend to enhance the lifespan of the tool by wide range of approaches, namely heat treatment, chemical treatment, burnishing, hard facing etc. In order to estimate the wear rate of a given pick one has to select appropriate procedure and method of evaluation. By this time, most commonly applied method is to estimate the wear rate basing on mass loss measurements of the tools being exploited with constant cutting parameters and fixed conditions. The Authors proposed also a new method of volumetric wear assessment, basing of three-dimensional photogrammetric scanning and compared the results with the outcome of traditional mass wear evaluation of the same sets of tools. Additionally, this paper contains recommendations regarding both approaches (volumetric and mass), especially focusing on the possibilities of the new method concerning measurements of the manufactured tool.
2
Content available Computer-aided selection of the stabilising system parameters of the mobile transport and assembly manipulator in mining excavations
Krauze Krzysztof, Klempka Ryszard, Mucha Kamil, Wydro Tomasz
Archives of Mining Sciences
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2023
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Vol. 68, no. 1
3--18
EN
Shifting masses in a confined space in the company of other machines and devices, which limits the manoeuvring and transport area, poses a significant problem in every field of industry, especially with underground mining. The works involved in transporting and manoeuvring masses in underground workings are challenging and are most often performed using various auxiliary machines or manually. Hence the need arose to develop a device carrying out activities related to the shifting of masses with the assumed maximum value. The device was created as a result of cooperation between FAMA sp. z o.o. and the AGH University of Science and Technology in Kraków, Poland. The mining modular transport and assembly unit (MZT-M) enables assembling and transporting various masses, especially the elements of the roadway support in the face. The primary function of this device is its movement in the excavation along with the transported mass and delivering it to a specific place. Therefore, an important issue is to ensure the module’s stability in different phases of its operation (lifting, transport, manoeuvring, feeding, lowering) due to the limited space in the excavation. That is why an analytical model and specialised software were created to determine the design parameters of the device as a function of its operating phases, especially the counterweight’s mass. As previously mentioned, an analytical model (physical, mathematical) with equations and applications written in Microsoft Visual Studio and Matlab was used for this purpose. It is beneficial at the design or construction changes stage. Calculation results are documented in the form of numerical summaries and graphs.
3
Content available remote New trends for mechanization, automation and robotics in mining
Krauze Krzysztof, Kotwica Krzysztof, Nawrocki Marcin
Napędy i Sterowanie
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2022
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R. 24, nr 7/8
64--69
EN
Mining, as one of mankind’s oldest undertakings and the first organized industry at all, is a very well established market with many opportunities for new technologies first of all mechanization and automation. Raw materials are elemental for almost every modern industry and technological developments and new processes have over the decades enabled broad availability of raw materials at acceptable prices. At the same time, due to novel processes and mechanization, the safety of the personnel working in the mining sectors has increased greatly and higher levels of sustainability and environmental friendliness were achieved. Mining, unlike other industries, is however dependent on finite resources. Consequently, the basic conditions for mining are constantly becoming more difficult. Many untouched deposits are located in greater depths, which means they can only be mined economically with higher raw material prices or when higher productivity levels are achieved. Moreover, aging workforce and skill shortage requires optimal usage of resources.
4
Content available Increasing the wear resistance of mining machines equipment tools by FCAW with Fe-Mo-Mn-B-C hardfacing alloys
Prysyazhnyuk Pavlo, Krauze Krzysztof, Romanyshyn Liubomyr, Mosora Yurii
Mining Machines
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2022
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vol. 40, iss. 2
64--70
EN
In this study hardfacing by flux-cored arc welding with Fe-Mo-Mn-B-C-based alloy as an alternative technique for improving wear resistance of mining machines conical picks was investigated. The microstructure of hardfaced layer consists of the uniformly distributed faceted grains of binary (Fe,Mn)Mo2B2 boride phase with average size of 25 μm and austenite-based eutectic. The hardness measured by microindentation and microscratching techniques across the interfaces between deposited layer and base steel was within 2.2 – 18 GPa. No welding defects such as cracks, pores or non-metal inclusions in the hardfaced layer and heat affected zones were detected. Comparative studies of the developed hardfacing alloy with commercially available Capilla HR MAG hardfacing and heat treated 35HGS steel were carried out using testing machine developed at the department of machinery engineering and transport of AGH university of science and technology for semi-industrial wear tests of mining machines conical picks. Wear measurement results show that using hardfacing with proposed alloy of Fe-Mo-Mn-B-C system leads to decreasing of impact-abrasion wear rate in approximately 3 times than that for tested commercial materials. This allows to recommend hardfacing by FCAW with proposed material in form of flux-cored wire for conical picks insert holders’ surfaces during mining of hard rocks.
5
Content available Operational Tests of a Modular Installation and Transport Assembly of Steel Arch Support in Underground Excavations
Krauze Krzysztof, Mucha Kamil, Wydro Tomasz, Kutnik Andrzej, Hałas Waldemar, Ruda Piotr, Osowski Dawid
Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering
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2021
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Vol. 4, Iss. 1
343--354
EN
The roof support, especially the ŁP yielding steel arch support, is transported and assembled in the face with the use of auxiliary machines. This activity in Polish underground mines causes numerous problems, which until present have not been solved. Currently, transport and assembly are carried out manually, while the roadheader and suspended rail are used only to a small extent. Therefore, the modular installation and transport assembly was developed jointly by FAMA Sp. z o. o. and AGH University of Science and Technology. The solution in question enables performing a number of functions (including transport and assembly of all kinds of support arches), which are not available in currently manufactured equipment. The proposed manipulator solves numerous problems occurring during the installation of the steel arch support in an underground mining excavation and significantly improves the process of drilling galleries. This innovative solution considerably differs from the existing ones, and its greatest advantage is versatility with regard to the cross-section and equipment of the roadway, as well as a wide range of functions. In addition, it can also be used for reloading works. The modular installation and transport assembly together with a platform, a temporary mechanized roof support and a mining machine, make up a mechanizes roadheader complex, which enables continuous mining, loading and installing the permanent support in underground workings.
6
Content available Ocena jakości noży styczno-obrotowych oraz prognozowanie ich kosztów zużycia
Krauze Krzysztof, Mucha Kamil, Wydro Tomasz
Przegląd Górniczy
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2020
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T. 76, nr 9
1--9
PL
W chwili obecnej wybór, przez użytkownika, noża styczno-obrotowego polega na sprecyzowaniu jego parametrów geometrycznych i materiałowych, uwzględniających miejsce i warunki jego pracy. Następnie dokonuje się wyboru, zazwyczaj na podstawie tylko jednego kryterium, jakim jest cena. Tym samym na etapie zakupu, jak i eksploatacji, nie prowadzi się oceny jakości noży i ich przydatności do konkretnej maszyny i urabianego minerału. Dlatego powstała metoda pozwalająca przeprowadzić takie badania, w których dokonuje się pomiarów parametrów geometrycznych noża, ustala się rodzaje materiałów korpusu noża i wkładki WC oraz szybkość zużycia (intensywność) na stanowisku laboratoryjnym. Szybkość zużycia (intensywność) opisana jest za pomocą wskaźnika C2, którego wartość im jest mniejsza, tym nóż wolniej się zużywa. Wskaźnik C2 został wykorzystany do prognozowania zużycia noży i określenia ich ceny jednostkowej oraz kosztów eksploatacyjnych. Pozwala to na precyzyjne określenie wymagań inwestycyjnych i prawidłowy wybór noża.
EN
Currently, the user’s choice of a conical pick involves specifying its geometric and material parameters, taking into account the place and conditions of its work. The selection is then made, usually on the basis of solely one criterion, which is the price. Thus, at the stage of both purchase and operation, the quality of picks and their suitability for a specific machine and the processed mineral are not assessed. Therefore, a method was developed to enable conducting tests that determine the geometric parameters of a pick, the types of materials of the pick body and WC insert as well as the pick wear rate (intensity) in a laboratory workstation. The wear rate (intensity) is described by the C2 index - the smaller is its value, the slower is the pick’s wear. The C2 index has been used to forecast the wear of picks and to determine their unit price and operating costs. This allows for precise determination of investment requirements and a proper selection of the pick.
7
Content available Evaluation of the Quality of Conical Picks and the Possibility of Predicting the Costs of Their Use
Krauze Krzysztof, Mucha Kamil, Wydro Tomasz
Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering
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2020
|
Vol. 3, Iss. 1
491--504
EN
Currently, the user’s choice of a conical pick involves specifying its geometric and material parameters, taking into account the place and conditions of its work. The selection is then made, usually on the basis of solely one criterion, which is the price. Thus, at the stage of both purchase and operation, the quality of picks and their suitability for a specific machine and the processed mineral are not assessed. Therefore, a method was developed to enable conducting tests that determine the geometric parameters of a pick, the types of materials of the pick body and WC insert as well as the pick wear rate (intensity) in a laboratory workstation. The wear rate (intensity) is described by the C2 index – the smaller is its value, the slower is the pick’s wear. The C2 index has been used to forecast the wear of picks and to determine their unit price and operating costs. This allows for precise determination of investment requirements and a proper selection of the pick.
8
Content available Projekt i badania stanowiskowe nowego typu obudowy zmechanizowanej do pokładów cienkich
Krauze Krzysztof, Rączka Waldemar, Stopka Grzegorz
Mining – Informatics, Automation and Electrical Engineering
|
2019
|
R. 57, nr 1
34--39
PL
Tematyka eksploatacji pokładów cienkich jest obecnie jednym z głównych obszarów zainteresowań producentów oraz użytkowników zmechanizowanych kompleksów ścianowych. Wynika to z faktu, iż niezależnie od szeregu czynników górniczo-geologicznych, które w różnym stopniu mogą wpływać na możliwości techniczne prowadzenia ścian niskich, kwestia wzrostu koncentracji wydobycia z pokładów cienkich jest powiązana przede wszystkim z konstrukcją odpowiednio przystosowanych do ekstremalnie trudnych warunków maszyn zmechanizowanego kompleksu ścianowego. Szczególnie istotną rolę w tego typu warunkach eksploatacyjnych odgrywają cechy konstrukcyjne obudów zmechanizowanych. W artykule przedstawiono projekt nowej sekcji obudowy zmechanizowanej do pokładów cienkich oraz wyniki badań stanowiskowych z jej udziałem. Prace badawcze w tym zakresie zostały zrealizowane w ramach projektu pt. „Prace studialne i badawcze nad opracowaniem zmechanizowanej obudowy nowego typu do pokładów cienkich” dofinansowanego z Narodowego Centrum Badań i Rozwoju (NCBiR).
9
Content available Project and test results of new solution for powered roof support for low seams
Krauze Krzysztof, Rączka Waldemar, Stopka Grzegorz
Mining – Informatics, Automation and Electrical Engineering
|
2019
|
R. 57, nr 1
29--33
EN
The subject of thin seam exploitation is a complex problem; in reality, it involves several problems such as technical, ergonomic, and economic barriers. They refer mainly to combined longwalls – where a human presence is required at the site; the most important problem is the issue of the limited workspace in longwall roadways. This generates engineering and organizational problems, especially during the launching and removal of the longwall roadways. Having considered the above-mentioned, the Department of Mining, Dressing, and Transport Machines at AGH in Krakow has begun research whose main objective is to develop and test a new structure for a powered support for thin seams. In this paper, virtual models of the new hydraulic roof support and a conception of the structure of a control system were presented as well as the test results of the new construction hydraulic roof support. Research in this field was conducted for the project entitled “Studies of the Development of an Innovative Hydraulic Roof Support for Low Seams”. The project is funded by the National Center of Research and Development (NCBiR).
10
Content available remote Experimental determination of impact energy of hydraulic hammers.
Krauze Krzysztof
Archive of Mechanical Engineering
|
2000
|
Vol. XLVII, nr 1
21-32
EN
The necessity of empirical determination of impact energy of hydraulic hammers prompted the Author to analyse the methods that had previously been used in determine this quantity. Based on the results of the analysis, the Author developed a new method of measurement of impact energy by means of force converter with an embedded elastic element. Taking into consideration the structural scheme and the principle of measurement, one derived analytical relationship that make it possible to calibrate the measuring system in energy units. A practical example of application of the developed system was in measurements of impact energy of hydraulic hammers used in Polish coppe mining industry.
PL
Konieczność emiprycznego określenia energii udaru młotów hydraulicznych była przyczyną analizy dotychczas stosowanych metod pozwalających wyznaczyć poszukiwaną wielkość. W konsekwencji przeprowadzonej analizy opracowano nowy sposób pomiaru energii udaru przy wykorzystaniu przetwornika siły z wbudowanym elementem sprężystym. W oparciu o konstrukcję przetwornika siły i metodę pomiaru opracowano zależności analityczne umożliwiające wzorcowanie układu pomiarowego w jednostkach energii. Praktyczne wykorzystanie opracowanego układu pomiarowego opsano na przykładzie pomiaru energii młotów hydraulicznych stosowanych w polskich kopalniach miedzi.
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