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Head motion analysis of the KPSIT C50 dummy in simulated low-speed collisions

Frej Damian, Jaśkiewicz Marek

Transport Problems

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2024

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T. 19, z. 3

59--70

EN

Head motion analysis of the KPSIT c50 dummy in simulated low-speed collisions Summary. This study focuses on the KPSIT C50 dummy to examine the impact of modifications to seat belts and vehicle seating. With the increasing frequency of sudden braking and vehicle collisions, particularly during traffic jams, understanding these factors is crucial. Experiments were conducted on a specially designed teaching platform that measures seat belt forces and the displacement of various body parts (whether of a dummy or a human volunteer) during low-speed crash tests. This research is part of a comprehensive investigation involving crash tests with volunteers and KPSIT physical dummies. A total of 150 volunteers participated, organized into specific percentile groups. The study compared the displacement of the head centers of the KPST C50 dummy with that of volunteers categorized as C50. The findings highlight that utilizing a sports seat with four-point seat belts significantly limits head movement during low-speed collisions. This type of seating offers enhanced safety by minimizing the risk of head injuries from impacts with the steering column in collisions where the airbag has not been activated. Additionally, the results indicate that standard passenger vehicle seat belts allow for more forward head movement during a collision.

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Evaluation of the Reliability of the Shoulder and Knee Joint of the KPSIT C50 Dummy Adapted to Crash tests carried out at low speeds

Jaśkiewicz Marek

Eksploatacja i Niezawodność

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2024

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Vol. 26, no. 1

art. no. 178376

EN

The article presents the results of experimental studies on the reliability and monitoring of the condition of the knee and shoulder joints of an anthropometric dummy designed for low-speed crash tests. Next, the characteristics of the resistance moments in the joints of the KPSIT C50 dummy are compared with the characteristics of the drag torque of the HYBRID III C50 dummy. The patented and manufactured knee and shoulder joints of the KPSIT C50 dummy characterized by a simple structure. The article presents a comparison of the resistance moments in the knee and shoulder joints of the KPSIT C50 dummy before crash tests and after a series of 200 crash tests. It has been shown that the patented solutions that have been used for low-speed crash tests do not need to be calibrated after a series of 5 crash tests, as is the case with the Hybrid III dummy. In addition, the results of experimental research presented in the article confirm the durability of the KPSIT C50 dummies joints and the possibility of using thejoints for other centiles of anthropometric dummies.

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Pedestrian and driver safety problems caused by the use of a mobile phone - pilot studies

Frej Damian, Jaśkiewicz Marek, Poliak Milos

Archives of Transport

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2024

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Vol. 70, iss. 2

97--115

EN

The use of hand-held mobile phones by drivers and pedestrians is common and is becoming more common every year. Mobile phones have become an integral part of our everyday life, accompanying us in almost every respect. Modern smartphones perform functions that go far beyond their original purpose as devices for making telephone calls. We use them for GPS navigation and electronic banking. Moreover, using mobile applications, we can make purchases and sales of products quickly and safely. The number of people owning mobile phones is growing all over the world, and access to the Internet, which is an integral part of the functioning of modern smartphones, is becoming more and more common. Basic functions of mobile phones, such as making and receiving calls or sending short SMS messages, have long ceased to be sufficient. Thanks to them, we can conduct videoconferences, use advanced applications for time management or health monitoring, and even perform complex professional tasks in mobile mode. Thus, the growing popularity and versatility of mobile phones make them an indispensable tool in our everyday lives, not only as a means of communication, butalso as an irreplaceable source of information, a work tool and a facilitation in everyday activities. The aim of the article is to find out respondents' predispositions to use telephones made of corrugated cardboard during activities such as walking on the street, side of the road, sidewalk, while crossing a pedestrian crossing and while driving. The lack of statistics on road accidents caused by the use of a telephone makes it difficult to determine how big a problem it is to use a telephone in situations where we should maintain limited trust in other road users. The research shows that respondents use a mobile phone while crossing a pedestrian crossing or driving a vehicle. In addition, as many as 19% of respondents admit that they have crossed a pedestrian crossing at least once. The conducted surveys and observational studies constitute an introduction to the development of a system for detecting pedestrians and drivers using mobile phones.

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Neutralization of transport documents in road transport

Poliak Miloš, Tomicová Jana, Jaśkiewicz Marek, Zhuravleva Natalia, Fedorko Gabriel

Transport Problems

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2021

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T. 16, z. 2

87--99

EN

The year 1956 is a significant milestone in international road freight transport. The CMR International Convention was adopted this year. The reason for its adoption was to unify the rules in international road freight transport in connection with the contract of carriage. This step was very important not only for carrier but also for the consignee and consignor. The convention also characterized one of the most important documents in road freight transport, which accompanies goods throughout transport. Its name is the CMR consignment note. In recent years in road transport, the original CMR consignment note has been replaced by another CMR consignment note. This practice is referred to as the neutralization of consignment note. In another consignment note, only some data are changed compared with the original, and the goods are not handled during transport. It is an interference with the system of functioning of transport documents, which aims to obscure the actual movement of the consignment during transport. The paper contains own research, which identifies the presumption of the existence of neutralization of transport documents in road transport. The authors also propose the use of new technologies, namely new smart tachographs, through which the sender can prevent the neutralization of documents.

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Bezpieczeństwo na drogach województwa świętokrzyskiego w latach 2007-2011 na tle innych regionów w Polsce

Jurecki Rafał S., Jaśkiewicz Marek

Zeszyty Naukowe WSEI. Seria Transport i Informatyka

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2012

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T. 2, nr 1

27--40

PL

W wyniku przemian politycznych i gospodarczych skutkujących przystąpieniem Polski do Unii Europejskiej a następnie wejściem do strefy Schengen, nastąpiło znaczące zwiększenie swobody podróżowania zarówno Polaków za granicę, jak i obywateli innych narodów do Polski. Brak ograniczeń w przemieszaniu się ludzi, podróżujących samochodami po polskich drogach spowodowało, że problemy bezpieczeństwa w ruchu drogowym, z którymi dotychczas borykali się (i zdążyli się do nich przyzwyczaić) jedynie obywatele naszego kraju stały się tematem otwartym. Obcokrajowcy łatwo mogli się zapoznać ze specyfiką ruchu drogowego w Polsce, jak również na własne oczy zobaczyć, sceny związane z zdarzeniami drogowych na polskich drogach. Niniejszy artykuł zawiera ocenę stanu bezpieczeństwa w ruchu drogowym w Polsce w ostatnich 5 latach, czyli na przełomie lat 2007-2011. Dokonano w nim analizy wypadkowych danych statystycznych, dzięki, której możliwe jest wykrycie pewnych tendencji, charakterystycznych cech warunkujących powstawanie wypadków drogowych w różnych regionach kraju. Analizie poddano dane statystyczne dotyczące liczby wypadków drogowych zaistniałych w poszczególnych województwach, osób w nich zabitych i rannych. Szczególnej uwadze poświęcono województwu świętokrzyskiemu i zaprezentowano zestawienia, jak na tle innych województw się ono prezentuje. Dokonano analizy przyczyn mogących mieć wpływ na występowanie znaczących różnic pomiędzy poszczególnymi województwami w wybranych wskaźnikach wypadkowych charakteryzujących miedzy innymi ciężkość wypadków drogowych takich jak: liczba osób zabitych i rannych na 100 wypadków, czy też liczby wypadków i zabitych odniesionych do populacji. Przeprowadzono analizę danych statystycznych dotyczących wypadków, przyczyn ich powstawania oraz skutków, jakie niosły w poszczególnych województwach.

EN

This paper presents an assessment of safety on Polish roads. We analyzed statistical data on road accidents occurred in different provinces at the turn of 20002010 and drew attention to the differences in the number of road accidents recorded between them. Made an analysis of statistical data on accidents and effects which bore in each province. Presented as compared to other provinces is presented Świętokrzyskie.