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1 2006

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Protecting the Jurassic invertebrate collections in the museums: the “Museo Geominero” (Geo-mining Museum, IGME, Spain)

Delvene G., Melendez G., Menendez S.

Volumina Jurassica

2006

Vol. 4, no. 1

251-251

The "Museo Geominero" ("Geo-mining Museum", Madrid) is one of the best examples of geological museums in Spain, promoting the protection conservation, as well as social and educational diffusion of geological and palaeontological heritage. As a research institution the museum contains a large number of geological and palaeontological samples with a great heritage value. The origin of the Museum collections were the samples collected by geologists and mining engineers of the so-called: "Comision del Mapa Geologico de Espana" (Commission for the Geological Map of Spain) created by Queen Elizabeth II in 1849. The collections, hence, came from many successive missions carried out by researchers of the "Instituto Geologico y Minero de Espana" (IGME) during the last 150 years in all Spain. At the moment, the permanent palaeontological exhibitions comprise the following collections: Spanish fossil invertebrates and flora, Spanish vertebrate fossils, foreign fossils and invertebrate taxonomy. Within the Jurassic invertebrate collections housed in the museum, representatives of Bivalvia (Mollusca) are the most significant group in both abundance and diversity. A still ongoing taxonomic review of the collections shows a total number of 44,307 specimens. The number of Jurassic elements is 5858. The bivalve collections comprise 810 specimens from Spain, 161 specimens from elsewhere in Europe and 25 specimens of uncertain origin, included in the collection of invertebrate taxonomy. Heritage value is underlined by the presence of many specimens from classical outcrops known since 1850. Most of them come from well-known Lower Jurassic outcrops in the Iberian Range: Anchuela del Campo, Maranchon (province of Guadalajara), Albarracin (province of Teruel) and Barahona (province of Soria). The origin of the samples of Guadalajara is very old: some of them were collected by the eminent scientists Lucas Mallada (1850-1885) and Jose de la Revilla (1955, 1959). Spanish Jurassic bivalve collections clearly reflect the rich palaeontological heritage of the country, according to bibliographic and recent field data. On the other hand, the bulk of the specimens from foreign fossil collections come from France, and are housed in the Museum since 1950. As a public research institution the collections are totally available to the members of scientific community. The taxonomic review of these collections has increased their heritage value. Almost all samples were collected and housed in the building before 1985, i.e. the year of the approval of the National Historical Heritage Law, hence forming a rich and diverse collection, representative of all areas of Iberia, despite their geographic origin and location still uncertain. This is a point of utmost importance today, since at the present moment it would be practically impossible to do so, due to the serious limitations to fossil collection imposed to researchers by the new heritage laws appeared in the autonomous communities of Spain.