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Compensatory action of the index and middle finger in the kinematic chain of a basketball shot

Jiang Han, Kruszewski Arur, Cherkashina Elena, Theodorou Apostolos, Zacharakis Emmanouil, Cherkashin Ilia, Konovalov Igor, Kruszewski Marek

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

2022

Vol. 24, no. 3

13--20

Performing effective actions requires the basketball player to balance factors such as motor variability, error minimalization and a complex sequence of coordination to determine the best action. Purpose: The aim of the study was to differentiate the strength of the muscles of the index and middle fingers when performing a basketball shot. Materials and methods: Study group consisted of 122 male college basketball league students. The study included psychophysiological tests to determine indices of individual and typological characteristics of higher nervous activity, proprioceptive sensitivity tests of the fingers of the leading hand and field tests to assess participants’ shooting skills. The touch-based finger pressure sensing system measured the different levels of pressure exerted by the participants’ main index and middle finger during grasping. Results: For both the middle and index finger, the highest correlation with shot efficiency was found for a 120 g load g ( p < 0.01 for 2PS; 2PS40 suc; FT; 3PSO and 3.5 mS). Furthermore, high reproducibility of proprioceptive sensitivity of the index and middle finger of the leading hand was found in basketball players. Conclusions: The research indicates that it is possible to organize compensatory behavior between joints on the basis of proprioception, with the last compensatory movements of the kinematic chain being performed by the fingers of the hand. The demonstrated high proprioceptive sensitivity of the index and middle finger of the leading hand in basketball players at a weekly interval may indicate ability to maintain high repeatability of movements controlled by these fingers.

Evaluation of stabilization of intra-articular fracture of distal humerus – finite element study

Kruszewski Arur, Piszczatowski Szczepan, Piekarczyk Piotr, Kwiatkowski Krzysztof

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

2020

Vol. 22, no. 1

153--163

The treatment of comminuted fractures of distal humerus poses a challenge for orthopaedics. Previous studies assessing the global stiffness of the bone – stabilizer system – made it impossible to explicitly indicate an optimal configuration of the locking plates in the treatment of this kind of fractures. The aim of the present research was to comparatively analyze the stabilization conditions of intraarticular fractures of distal humerus with the use of various configurations of the stabilizer. Methods: The research was based on the analysis of mutual displacements of bone fragments. Such evaluation was performed with the use of numerical simulation conducted with the use of the finite element method. A realistic model of humerus was based on the CT data. Three spatial configurations of the stabilizer (parallel, posteromedial and posterolateral) were considered. The mutual displacements of bone fragments as well as the deformity of the stabilizer under various loading conditions were analyzed. Results: In most cases, the parallel setting of the plates ensures a better stabilization of the bone fragments than the perpendicular configuration. The most difficult conditions of stabilization were obtained for the lateral bone fragment. The value of the fragments’ displacements significantly increases for loading directions occurring with ascending flexion angle of the joint. Conclusions: In most cases, the parallel setting of the plates ensures a better stabilization of the bone fragments than the perpendicular configuration.