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Limiting the Hurtful Oxidative Stress and Seasonal Physiological Adaptations in Seashore Paspalum through the Use of Banana Waste Biochar and Compost Mixtures

Fetjah Dounia, Ihssane Bouchaib, Idardare Zaina, Ainlhout Lalla Fatima Ezzahra, Bouqbis Laila

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 1

216--227

EN

The study’s purpose was to reduce the oxidative stress, seasonal physiological changes of paspalum vaginatum and ameliorate soil properties through the addition of banana waste biochar and compost. Different rates of organic amendments were incorporated into sandy loam soil to investigate their impact on paspalum physiological, biochemical, and development in pot and field settings over three seasons (winter, spring and summer). Under the conditions of these two places, paspalum leaves gas exchange characteristics, stomatal traits, anatomy traits, relative water content, proline, antioxidant enzyme activities, and paspalum pigments were determined. For the irrigation system, two rates were chosen: 20% and 60% of the water holding capacity of the control plot WHC. In this study, two advanced statistical analyses were conducted. A factor analysis of mixed data (FAMD) was performed for the analysis of the effect of our charcoal on soil data. Meanwhile, the impact of banana waste biochar on biological activities was investigated using multiple factorial analysis (MFA). The use of biochar and compost blends boosted the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of treated soils, according to our findings. Furthermore, the use of banana waste biochar improved biological basis in the summer season compared with previous seasons. Different antioxidant capacities in seashore paspalum were boosted in the improved soils compared to the untreated ones.

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Effect of Banana Waste Biochar on Physiological Responses and Growth of Seashore Paspalum

Fetjah Dounia, Ainlhout Lalla Fatima Ezzahra, Ihssane Bouchaib, Bouqbis Laila

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 22, nr 8

1--10

EN

The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of banana waste biochar on the physiological traits and growth of Paspalum vaginatum under three water treatments (100%, 80%, and 60% of the water holding capacity (WHC) of the soil). A plastic pot experiment was done for the germination of paspalum vaginatum. The treatments were the addition of compost, banana waste biochar, or banana waste biochar and compost combination to the soil. We used multiple factor analysis (MFA) to reveal the relationship between the effect of banana waste biochar and the three water regimes on physiological data. The findings revealed that banana waste biochar had an important impacts on all traits under various water supply conditions. The photon yield of PSII of control treatment at three water regimes had the lowest response compared to amended treatments. Changes were observed in chlorophyll pigment among different treatments.

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Biological, Physico-Chemical and Morphological Analyses of Four Biochars Derived from Agricultural Waste

Fetjah Dounia, Ainlhout Lalla Fatima Ezzahra, Ihssane Bouchaib, Houari Abdellah, Idardare Zaina, Bouqbis Laila

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 22, nr 4

36--46

EN

Around the world, the increasing population and consumption are placing huge demands on food. Agriculture is considered one of the important sectors in the world and the force to feed humanity. While under these circumstances, which stand out by successive years of drought, degradation of soil, climate change, and global warming, this sector has multifaceted a major issue that goes beyond threatening food security. Thus, Morocco characterized by an arid and semi-arid climate is one example of countries that suffered from those problems. Due to lack of rain, the water resources of some Moroccan arable lands are consumed highly as well as the quality of its soils is now degraded. This issue calls for new approaches to amending the degraded soils in these regions and sustain water supplies. Indeed, biochar can be a remedy for these poor soils; in fact, it has an incredible sequester carbon on soil, a benefit on the environment as well as on plant growth. Despite its virtues, certain biochars contain phytotoxic compounds. In this study, four biochars prepared from banana waste, peanut hull, almond shells, and walnut shells were tested on three plant species (cress to test (HAP), barley for assessing heavy metals, and lettuce to assess salinity) before any field application. The chemical and physical analysis was done for the four biochars and the sandy soil, the four biochars were also analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for identifying the morphology of each biochar. The results showed that the four biochars enhanced water holding capacity (WHC), they also revealed the existence of heavy metals especially for almond shells biochar and walnut shells biochar. While for the morphology of each biochar, banana waste biochar (BC-BW) and peanut hull biochar (BC-PeH) had more pores than almond shells biochar (BC-Alm) and walnut shells biochar(BC-WS). Concerning the phytotoxic tests, the lettuce was germinated in all biochars treatments except for the 8% biochar banana treatment, for the cress and barley, all the treatments were grown.

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Using Design Space and Response Surface Methodology for developing a liquid chromatography method for simultaneous determination of five statins in pharmaceutical form

Belmir H., Abourriche A., Bennamara A., Saffaj T., Ihssane Bouchaib

Acta Chromatographica

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2021

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Vol. 33, no. 4

345--353

EN

This study describes the development of a method allowing the simultaneous separation and quantification of five statins by High performance liquid chromatography/Diode Array Detector (HPLC/ DAD). Optimization was accomplished using chemometric tools such as the Design Space (DS) and Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Central Composite Design (CCD) and DS were applied for the optimization of the chromatographic procedure as well as the robustness of the chromatographic method by taking the ratio of the percentage of acetonitrile (%ACN) Buffer solution, the pH and the mobile phase flow rate as critical parameters. Satisfactory results were obtained after the optimization phase with a percentage of mobile phase equal to 46.19%, a pH of 4.16 and the flow rate is 1.4 mL min1 by setting the resolution limits above 6, and the target retention time of 20 min. Using the DS and CCD approach, we have developed a robust and reliable procedure for the simultaneous and accurate separation and quantification of the five statins.