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1
Content available Effect of Soil Biostimulant Application on Protein and Carbohydrate Content in Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne L.)
Zielewicz Waldemar, Wróbel Barbara, Stopa Wojciech, Paszkiewicz-Jasińska Anna, Szulc Piotr, Klarzyńska Agnieszka
Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering
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2023
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Vol. 68, nr 2
36--48
EN
One of the elements of modern plant fertilization systems is soil biostimulants. Like fertilizers, they provide plants with nutrients, and thanks to the content of additional substances (e.g. seaweed extracts, amino acids), plant development is affected. The aim of this study is to compare the effect of selected soil biostimulants and traditional P+K+Ca fertilization on changes in the content of crude protein (CP) and water soluble sugars (WSC) in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) cv. Anna. The research was conducted over a two-year period at the Experimental Station of the Department of Grassland and Natural Landscape Sciences at the Agricultural Experimental Station of Poznan University of Life Sciences. The two-factor experiment was set up in a randomized block design with three replications. The first factor was fertilization with biostimulants (Physio-Mescal G18, PRP-SOL, EM-1 (Effective Microorganisms), EM-1+Ca) and standard mineral fertilizers (P+K+Ca). Nitrogen fertilization (0 and 200 kg·ha-1) was applied as a second factor. The biomass of perennial ryegrass was evaluated for CP and WSC. The experiment showed that the application of Physio-Mescal G 18 and PRP-SOL, as well as EM-1+Ca, resulted in a significant increase in the CP and WSC content in perennial ryegrass compared to the control and the object fertilized with standard P+K+Ca fertilizers. Positive effects on the growth of the plant CP content were noted for two biostimulants: PRP-SOL and Physio Mescal G18. The ryegrass sward from the PRP-SOL-applied object contained 7% more CP compared to the control object, while that from the Physio Mescal G18 object contained 6% more. A very good effect of WSC accumulation was also obtained in the case of the sward from the PRP-SOL and Physio Mescal G18 treatments. In both cases, the determined WSC content was above 141 g⋅kg-1 DM, a difference in content from the control of as much as 6%. In addition, nitrogen fertilization applied at the annual rate of 200 kg·ha-1 significantly increased the CP content and decreased the WSC content, which worsened the CP/WSC ratio. The results of the two-year study showed that the incorporation of soil biostimulants, i.e. Physio-Mescal G 18 and PRP-SOL, into fertilizer practice makes it possible to obtain high-quality roughage for livestock.
2
Content available Effect of harvest date on structural carbohydrates and lignin content in meadow sward in different pluvio-thermal conditions
Wróbel Barbara, Zielewicz Waldemar, Paszkiewicz-Jasińska Anna, Spychalski Bartosz, Jakubowska Zuzanna
Journal of Water and Land Development
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2022
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no. 55
60--66
EN
The content of structural carbohydrates and lignin are important assessment criteria of the feed value of meadow plants. It is affected by many independent factors, including among others its development stage during the harvest as well as climatic conditions, especially the amount of rainfall. During the years 2014-2016, plant samples were harvested at weekly intervals, respectively five times from late April to late May. The effect of harvest date on cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin contents was evaluated. The chemical composition of plants was varied, depending not only on harvest date but also on the year of study. Regardless of the course of meteorological conditions in subsequent growing seasons, the increase of cellulose (from 236.5 to 297.9 g∙kg-1 DM), hemicelluloses (from 159.3 to 210.8 g∙kg-1 DM), and lignin (from 31.5 to 43.1 g∙kg-1 DM) in the following dates of harvest were observed. These parameters were also positively correlated with the total rainfall from the begging of vegetation season to the date of plants sampling (R2 = 0.65, 0.12 and 0.44 for cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin, respectively), and with the average daily air temperature in the moment of harvest (R2 = 0.66, 0.32 and 0.52 for cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin, respectively). The cellulose and lignin content, regardless of the harvest date, were significantly higher in the first year of the study (2014), when moisture conditions for plant development were optimal.
3
Content available The Effect of the Timing of Harvesting the First Regrowth of the Swardon Relative Feed Value
Stopa Wojciech, Wróbel Barbara, Paszkiewicz-Jasińska Anna, Zielewicz Waldemar
Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering
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2022
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Vol. 67, nr 2
39--44
EN
The timing of harvesting the first regrowth affects the quantity and quality of the harvested forage, induding fibre content Plant fibre is the building block of cell walls, ils components are cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, undecomposed protein, pectin, water and ash. Its properties are intluenced by factors such as meteorological condilions in a given season, soil conditions and ferlilizalion, as well as the developmentał stage of the plants at the time of harvest. This paper presents the results of a three-year (2014-2016) study conducted on a three-cut permanent hay-meadow located on mineral soil. Mineral fertilization was carried out annually at the following rates: 60 kg·ha-1 N, 30 kg-ha-1 P and 60 kg-ha-1 K. Biomass sampies for testing were taken each year on five dates: April 28-30, May 5-7, May 11-14, May 18-21 and May 24-28. The content of ADF (acid detergent fibre), NDF (neutral detergent fibre), ADL (acid detergent lignin) was determined in the collected plant samples. Next, the effect of the dale of harvesting the first regrowth of the swardon the degree of lignification, dry matter digestibility (DDM), theoretical dry matter intake (DMI) and the relative feed value of the forage expressed by the RFV index was evaluated. The study found an effecel of the timing of harvesting the first regrowth of the sward on the parameters studied. The fibre fraction contents of NDF, ADF and ADL increased each year with the following dates, having an effect on reducing the relative feed value of plants.
4
Content available Identification of catchment areas with nitrogen pollution risk for lowland river water quality
Steinhoff-Wrześniewska Aleksandra, Strzelczyk Maria, Helis Marek, Paszkiewicz-Jasińska Anna, Gruss Łukasz, Pulikowski Krzysztof, Skorulski Witold
Archives of Environmental Protection
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2022
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Vol. 48, no. 2
53--64
EN
The article presents the results of research aimed at determining the catchment areas that pose a risk of nitrogen pollution of the waters of the Mała Panew river. The research was carried out in 13 permanent monitoring points located on the Mała Panew. The location of the points ensured the representativeness of the water quality results for parts of the catchment area with a homogeneous type of land use. Concentrations of nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) and total nitrogen (TN) were determined in the samples taken. The content of (NO3-N) in the third quarter of the year and its relation to the value obtained for the first year quarter may be an indicator of the impact of agricultural activities on the quality of water in streams. In the case of agricultural catchments, the lowest concentrations of (NO3-N) and TN occur in the third quarter of the year and are significantly lower than in the first quarter of the year. The demonstrated seasonal variability of nitrate nitrogen concentrations in agriculturally used areas may be used to determine the type of pressure not allowing to achieve good water status in the surface water body. It was shown that the highest unit increments occurred in areas with a high proportion of forest.
PL
Celem pracy było wyznaczenie zlewni cząstkowych, które stwarzają zagrożenie zanieczyszczenia wód Małej Panwi azotem. Podjęto próbę sklasyfikowania typu użytkowania zlewni (rolniczy/leśny) jako potencjalnego źródła zanieczyszczenia wody w rzece. Zweryfikowano hipotezę dotyczącą związku sezonowej zmienności zawartości związków azotowych, szczególnie w formie azotanowej, z rolniczym użytkowaniem obszaru zlewni cząstkowej. Materiał do badań stanowiły próbki wody z rzeki Mała Panew pobrane w 13 stałych punktach monitoringowych. Lokalizację punktów poboru próbek wyznaczono na podstawie analizy przestrzennego zagospodarowania terenu w oparciu o materiały kartograficzne. Ich lokalizacja zapewniła reprezentatywność wyników jakości wody dla fragmentów zlewni o jednorodnym typie użytkowania terenu. W celu określenia ładunków zanieczyszczeń w wodzie Małej Panwi wyznaczono przepływ średni z wielolecia Q (m3·s-1). W pobranych próbkach oznaczono stężenia azotu azotanowego (NO3-N) i azotu ogólnego (TN). W przypadku zlewni rolniczych najniższe stężenia azotu azotanowego (NO3-N) i TN występują w III kwartale i są znacznie niższe niż w I kwartale. Zawartość azotu azotanowego w trzecim kwartale roku i jego stosunek do wartości uzyskanej dla pierwszego kwartału może być wskaźnikiem wpływu działalności rolniczej na jakość wody w ciekach. Wykazana sezonowa zmienność stężeń azotu azotanowego na terenach użytkowanych rolniczo może być wykorzystana do określenia rodzaju presji nie pozwalającej na osiągnięcie dobrego stanu wód w danej jednolitej części wód powierzchniowych. Wykazano, że najwyższe przyrosty jednostkowe występowały na obszarach o dużym udziale lasów.
5
Content available Mathematical models use to yield prognosis of perennials on marginal land according to fertilisers doses
Hryniewicz Marek, Strzelczyk Maria, Helis Marek, Paszkiewicz-Jasińska Anna, Steinhoff-Wrzesniewska Aleksandra, Roman Kamil
Journal of Water and Land Development
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2021
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no. 51
233--242
EN
Models describe our beliefs about how the world functions. In mathematical modelling, we translate those beliefs into the language of mathematics. Mathematical models can yield prognose on the base of applied fertiliser dose. In this work results of finding yield mathematical model according to fertiliser (nitrogen) dose for perennials (willowleaf sunflower Helianthus salicifolious, cup plant Silphium perfoliatum and Jerusalem artichoke Helianthus tuberosus) on marginal land are presented. Models were described as normalised square equations for dependence between yield and fertiliser doses. Experiments were conducted in lisymeters and vases for willowleaf sunflower and cup plant. For Jerusalem artichoke experiments were done in vases only. All experiments have been doing during two years (2018 and 2019) for different fertilisers doses (45, 90 and 135 kg N∙ha-1) in three repetitions. From simulations maximal yield could be achieved for following fertiliser doses – willowleaf sunflower 104 kg N∙ha-1, cup plant 85 kg N∙ha-1 and Jerusalem artichoke 126 kg N∙ha-1.
6
Content available remote Wymywanie makroskładników nawozowych z marginalnej gleby lekkiej nawożonej osadem ściekowym
Paszkiewicz-Jasińska Anna, Czyżyk Franciszek, Rajmund Agnieszka
Przemysł Chemiczny
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2019
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T. 98, nr 11
1806--1810
PL
W sześcioletnich badaniach lizymetrycznych nie wykazano nadmiernego wymywania makroskładników z gleby lekkiej nawożonej osadem ściekowym. Stężenia tych składników w odciekach z gleby mieściły się w granicach dopuszczalnych dla I i II klasy jakości wód podziemnych. Wyjątkiem było stężenie azotanów w odciekach w pierwszym roku po posadzeniu miskanta olbrzymiego (Miscanthus × giganteus Greef et Deu.), czyli w fazie słabego plonowania. Konieczne jest dostosowanie dawek azotu zawartego w osadzie ściekowym do wieku i stopnia rozwoju roślin. Nawożenie gleby osadem ściekowym wpłynęło na polepszenie jej właściwości fizyczno-chemicznych poprzez zwiększenie składników pokarmowych roślin oraz pojemności wodnej gleby.
EN
A content of the main plant nutrients (N, P, K, Mg, Ca) in leachates from marginal light soil not fertilized and fertilized with sewage sludge from municipal boil. treatment plant from rural areas was detd. in 2008-2013. The concns. of macronutrients in the effluents from the soil were within the limits acceptable for class I and II of groundwater quality. The exception was the increase of nitrates concn. in leachates in the first year after planting Miscanthus × giganteus Greef et Deu. because of its low yield. The soil fertilization resulted in an improvement of its physicochem. properties by increasing plant nutrients and soil water capacity.
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