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Conductive Heat Transfer Prediction of Plain Socks in Wet State

Mansoor Tariq, Hes Lubos, Khalil Amany, Militky Jiri, Tunak Maros, Bajzik Vladimir, Kyosev Yordan

Autex Research Journal

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2022

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Vol. 22, no. 4

391--403

EN

In this study, an algebraic model and its experimental verification was carried out to investigate the effect of moisture content on the heat loss that takes place due to conduction of sock fabrics. The results show that increasing moisture content in the studied socks caused a significant increase in their conductive heat loss. Plain knitted socks with different fiber composition were wetted to a saturated level, and then their moisture content was reduced stepwise. When achieving the required moisture content, the socks samples were characterized by the Alambeta testing instrument for heat transfer. Three different existing modified mathematical models for the thermal conductivity of wet fabrics were used for predicting thermal resistance of socks under wet conditions. The results from both ways are in very good agreement for all the socks at a 95% confidence level. In the above-mentioned models, the prediction of thermal resistance presents newly a combined effect of the real filling coefficient and thermal conductivity of the so-called “wet” polymers instead of dry polymers. With these modifications, the used models predicted the thermal resistance at different moisture levels. Predicted thermal resistance is converted into heat transfer (due to conduction) with a significantly high coefficient of correlation.

2

Surface Characteristics of Seersucker Woven Fabrics

Matusiak Malgorzata, Bajzik Vladimir

Autex Research Journal

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2021

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Vol. 21, no. 3

284--292

EN

The surface characteristics of fabrics are important from the point of view of the sensorial comfort of clothing users. Surface friction and surface roughness are the most important surface parameters of fabrics. These parameters can be measured using different methods, the most important and well-accepted method being that using the Kawabata evaluation system (KES)-FB4 testing instrument. In this work, the surface roughness and surface friction of the seersucker woven fabric have been determined using the KES-FB4. However, the measurement procedure needs modification. On the basis of the results, the influence of the repeat of the seersucker effect and the linear density of the weft yarn on the surface parameters has been determined.

3

A New Approach for Thermal Resistance Prediction of Different Composition Plain Socks in Wet State. Part 2

Mansoor Tariq, Hes Lubos, Bajzik Vladimir

Autex Research Journal

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2021

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Vol. 21, no. 2

238--247

EN

Socks’ comfort has vast implications in our everyday living. This importance increased when we have undergone an effort of low or high activity. It causes the perspiration of our bodies at different rates. In this study, plain socks with different fiber composition were wetted to a saturated level. Then after successive intervals of conditioning, these socks are characterized by thermal resistance in wet state at different moisture levels. Theoretical thermal resistance is predicted using combined filling coefficients and thermal conductivity of wet polymers instead of dry polymer (fiber) in different models. By this modification, these mathematical models can predict thermal resistance at different moisture levels. Furthermore, predicted thermal resistance has reason able correlation with experimental results in both dry (laboratory conditions moisture) and wet states.

4

Lamination of Nanofibre Layers for Clothing Applications

Knížek Roman, Karhánková Denisa, Bajzik Vladimir, Jirsak Oldrich

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

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2019

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Vol. 27, no. 1 (133)

16--21

EN

Nanofibre membranes and nanofibre products represent break-through technology in many fields of industry. They are used for air or liquid filtration, and their unique properties are suitable for many new health products or when manufacturing clothes etc. Their biggest advantage is their high porosity and fineness. On the other hand, the disadvantage of these membranes is the fact that it is not a homogenous material/foil, but a layer of fibres or rather several fibre layers (hereafter we will always use the term nanomembrane). This structure has a very negative impact on some of its properties i.e. strength, abrasion resistance, pressure resistance etc. This work introduces a 2-layer-laminate and 3-layer laminate where one of the layers is made of nanofibres with a view to their use in the manufacturing of clothes for sport and outdoor activities. The nanofibre membrane laminate must protect the wearer from weather conditions like rain and snow and, at the same time, enable transferring of liquid moisture from the wearer’s body to the outside environment. Using lamination, we can connect the fine nanofibre membrane to a resilient textile material (knitted, woven or non-woven). This stronger textile material protects the more fragile nanomembrane from the outside environment (abrasion, friction etc.) while not diminishing its good comfort properties, like being windproof, waterproof and having good steam-permeability. The result of this work is a laminate with a high level of steam permeability, with minimum air permeability and a water column higher than 5000 mm. The tests carried out proved that during repeated washing cycles no delamination occurred and hydrostatic resistance decreased by approximately 20%.

PL

Nanowłókna i membrany z nich wytwarzane stanowią przełomową technologię w wielu dziedzinach przemysłu. Dzięki swoim unikalnym właściwościom znajdują one stosowanie w filtracji powietrza i cieczy oraz w wielu nowych produktach zdrowotnych i odzieżowych. Ich największą zaletą jest wysoka porowatość i delikatność. Z drugiej strony, wadą membran wytworzonych z nanowłókien, zwanych nanomembranami jest ich niejednorodność, jest to warstwa włókien lub raczej kilka warstw włókien. Ta struktura ma bardzo negatywny wpływ na niektóre jej właściwości, tj. wytrzymałość, odporność na ścieranie, odporność na ciśnienie itp. W pracy wytworzono dwu i trzywarstwowy laminat, w którym jedna z warstw jest wykonana z nanowłókien. Nanowłóknisty laminat do zastosowań w odzieży sportowej musi chronić użytkownika przed warunkami atmosferycznymi, takimi jak deszcz i śnieg, a jednocześnie umożliwiać przenoszenie płynnej wilgoci z ciała użytkownika do środowiska zewnętrznego. Za pomocą laminowania można połączyć cienką membranę z nanowłókien ze sprężystym materiałem włókienniczym (dzianina, tkanina lub włóknina). Mocniejszy materiał tekstylny chroni delikatniejszą nanomembranę przed zewnętrznym otoczeniem (ścieranie, tarcie itp.), a jednocześnie nie osłabia swoich korzystnych właściwości zapewniających komfort, takich jak wiatroodporność, wodoodporność i dobra przepuszczalność pary. Efektem pracy było wytworzenie laminatu o wysokiej przepuszczalności pary wodnej, minimalnej przepuszczalności powietrza i wodoodporności powyżej 5000 mm słupa wody. Przeprowadzone testy wykazały, że podczas powtarzanych cykli prania nie wystąpiło rozwarstwienie, a opór hydrostatyczny zmniejszył się o około 20%.