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1

Investigation of the effect of polymer concentration in fracturing fluid on crack size and permeability during hydraulic fracturing

Moroz L. B., Uhrynovskyi A. V., Kogut G. M.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 122, nr 2

70--77

EN

Purpose: This article aims to investigate the impact of polymer type and concentration in the fracturing fluid on the size and permeability of fractures during hydraulic fracturing. The aim is to predict the conductivity and productivity of the formed fractures in order to evaluate the cumulative gas production. Design/methodology/approach: The influence of polymer concentration in the fracturing fluid on the size and permeability of fractures was studied using the GOHFER software from Haliburton. Findings: The results of the study show that by combining the effect of increasing fracture size and decreasing the permeability of the proppant, a gas flow rate increase of 3.5 times was achieved. Research limitations/implications: High polymer concentrations lead to reduced permeability due to the accumulation of polymer residues and polymer skin. Practical implications: The conducted study on the impact of polymer concentration in the fracturing fluid on the size and permeability of fractures will allow for a more qualitative hydraulic fracturing process. Originality/value: This article presents how the concentration and type of polymer affect the width, thickness, length, and conductivity of fractures during hydraulic fracturing.

2

Investigation of the efficiency of restrained oil displacement using of enhancing oil recovery methods

Uhrynovskyi A. V., Moroz L. B., Kogut G. M.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 110, nr 1

27--34

EN

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to highlight the main problems that arise during the final stage of oil field development. Based on the identified problems using the EORgui program, Petroleum Solutions Ltd it is necessary to select the most effective method to increase oil recovery and study the most optimal tertiary oil recovery method using a hypothetical field model as an example, which will ensure the maximum oil recovery factor. Design/methodology/approach: Study of oil tertiary displacement efficiency by applying tertiary methods were performed using EORgui software from Petroleum Solutions Ltd and Petrel from Shlumberger. Findings: The results of the research show that the most optimal method of oil recovery increasing for this hypothetical field is the injection of carbon dioxide. When using this method, the oil recovery rate reaches 23%. Research limitations/implications: When using carbon dioxide, it is necessary to have sources of supply near the field, as well as increased corrosion of petroleum equipment is possible to occur. Practical implications: The use of the proposed approach is an important condition for the effective extraction of residual oil reserves for most fields developed using the reservoir pressure maintenance system. Originality/value: The article presents the characteristic features of residual oil location, reveals the conditions for effective usage of methods to increase oil recovery and their selection procedure.

3

Development of foam-breaking measures after removing liquid contamination from wells and flowlines by using surface-active substances

Volovetskyi V. B., Doroshenko Ya. V., Stetsiuk S. M., Matkivskyi S. V., Shchyrba O. M., Femiak Y. M., Kogut G. M.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 114, nr 2

67--80

EN

Purpose: The purpose is to consider the complications that arise during the operation of gas condensate wells, in particular, the accumulation of liquid contamination. Development of new approaches to improve the efficiency of the separation equipment performance of gas gathering and treatment systems when a multiphase flow enters. Development of a foam breaking method in a gas-liquid flow after removal of liquid contaminants from wells and flowlines using surfactants. Design/methodology/approach: An analysis was made of the complications that may arise when removing liquid contaminants from wells and flowlines using surfactants. Measures have been developed that will make it possible to timely prevent the ingress of foam into the separation equipment of gas gathering and treatment systems. Using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling, an effective foam-breaking device was developed by supplying stable hydrocarbon condensate. Findings: A method to minimize the negative impact of foam on the operation of separation equipment after fluid removal from wells and gas condensate field flowlines using a surfactant solution was elaborated. A method for its breaking was proposed to prevent the flow of foam into the gas processing unit. This method foresees the application of the technological scheme layout for supplying a stable hydrocarbon condensate to a gas-liquid flow entering the separators of the first of separation, both the main line and the measuring line. CFD modelling was used to study the process of foam breaking by feeding hydrocarbon condensate into it. The influence of the hydrocarbon condensate supplying method on gas-dynamic processes (distribution of pressure, velocity, volumetric particles of phases), and the efficiency of foam breaking was estimated. It was established that the supply of hydrocarbon condensate from one branch pipe to the pipeline through which the foam moved did not ensure its complete breaking. To increase the efficiency of foam breaking, a device with designed four nozzles for supplying hydrocarbon condensate was developed. CFD modelling made it possible to substantiate that in this case, a pressure reduction zone appeared at the place of condensate supply. Because of a sharp change in pressure, a strong improvement in the effect of foam breaking occurred. The understanding of the regularities of foam breaking processes by hydrocarbon condensate was obtained, and the design of a device for the complete foam breaking was developed. Research limitations/implications: The obtained results of laboratory studies have shown that a sharp decrease in the stability of the foam occurs under the condition of an increase in the volume of stable hydrocarbon condensate added to the studied model of mineralized formation water. Based on the results of CFD modeling, a device for breaking foam by stable hydrocarbon condensate has been worked out, the effectiveness of which will be confirmed experimentally and in field conditions. Practical implications: The results of the performed laboratory studies and CFD modelling allow a more reasonable approach to using various available methods and measures to prevent the ingress of foam with a gas-liquid flow into the separation equipment of gas gathering and treatment systems. This approach makes it possible to develop new effective ways and measures to prevent this complication. Originality/value: Based on CFD modelling, it was found that when a stable hydrocarbon condensate is supplied into a gas-liquid flow, foam breaks. A method for breaking foam in a gas-liquid flow has been developed, which is original and can be introduced in practice.

4

Developing measures to eliminate of hydrate formation in underground gas storages

Volovetskyi V. B., Doroshenko Ya. V., Bugai A. O., Kogut G. M., Raiter P. M., Femiak Y. M., Bondarenko R. V.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 111, nr 2

64--77

EN

Purpose: The objective of this article is the analysys of methods for preventing and eliminating hydrates formations, classifying them and choosing the best ones for use in underground gas storage facilities. Comprehensive measures for the stable operation of gas storage facilities in the presence of conditions for the occurrence of hydrates formations were developed. Zones, being potentially prone to the hydrates formation during the gas storage facilities operation were identified. Design/methodology/approach: The operational parameters of gas storage wells during gas withdrawal are analyzed. The identified wells were operated under difficult conditions due to the deposition of hydrates on the wellheads, in flowlines and process equipment of gas storage facilities. The places of the highest hydrates accumulation on underground gas storages were determined: from the bottomhole of wells to the gas purification unit of the gas gathering station. Hydrate-prone zones were identified by computational fluid dynamic (CFD) modeling at the location of regulating choke installations in underground gas storage facilities. Findings: The zones of the greatest hydrates accumulation on underground gas storages were determined: from the bottomhole of wells to the gas purification unit of the gas gathering station. The analysis of the methods used in gas storage facilities of Ukraine to prevent and eliminate hydrates formation was out. A set of measures was proposed to prevent the hydrates formation in storage facilities to ensure their stable operation. Based on the Euler approach (Mixture model) by CFD modeling, zones prone to hydrates formation were determined at the installation site of regulating chokes in underground gas storages. The influence of the degree of fittings opening on the location of potential zones prone to hydrates formation was estimated. The gas-dynamic processes in the internal cavity of the gas pipeline at the installation site of the control fittings were studied and their influence on the distribution of bulk particles of the gaseous and liquid phases was established. Based on the studies performed, it was recommended to change periodically the mode of well operation for a certain time by opening or closing the regulating choke under favorable conditions for the formation of hydrates, especially at low ambient temperatures. Research limitations/implications: The obtained results of experimental studies and calculations showed that in order to solve the problem of hydrates formation at gas storage facilities, it is advisable to use diverse measures through the introduction of modern intelligent systems for monitoring and controlling the technological process. Further refinement of the algorithm of the proposed monitoring and control system with its approbation in production was provided. Practical implications: The results of the experimental studies and CFD modeling carried out allowed providing a more reasonable approach to the application of various available methods and measures to prevent hydrates formation in underground gas storage facilities. This approach made it possible to develop new effective ways and measures to prevent such complication. Originality/value: Based on the conducted experimental studies and modeling, the major zones prone to hydrates formation in underground gas storages were determined. The developed measures will allow timely detection and prevention of hydrates formation at gas storage facilities are original.

5

Investigation of gas gathering pipelines operation efficiency and selection of improvement methods

Volovetskyi V. B., Doroshenko Ya. V., Kogut G. M., Dzhus A. P., Rybitskyi I. V., Doroshenko J. I., Shchyrba O. M.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 107, nr 2

59--74

EN

Purpose: The article implies theoretical and experimental studies of the liquid pollution accumulations impact on the efficiency of gathering gas pipelines operation at the Yuliivskyi oil and gas condensate production facility (OGCPF). Research of efficiency of gas pipelines cleaning by various methods. Design/methodology/approach: The research methodology consists of determining the hydraulic efficiency of gathering gas pipelines before and after cleaning of their internal cavity by different methods and comparing the obtained results, which allows to objectively evaluate the efficiency of any cleaning method. CFD simulation of gas-dynamic processes in low sections of gas pipelines with liquid contaminants. Findings: Experimental studies of cleaning efficiency in the inner cavity of the gas gathering pipelines of the Yuliivskyi OGCPF by various methods, including: supply of surfactant solution, creating a high-speed gas flow, use of foam pistons were performed. It was established that cleaning the inner cavity of gas gathering pipelines by supplying a surfactant solution leads to an increase in the coefficient of hydraulic efficiency by 2%-4.5%, creating a high-speed gas flow by 4%-7%, and under certain conditions by 8%-10 % and more. However, for two gas pipelines the use of foam pistons allowed to increase the coefficient of hydraulic efficiency from 5.7 % to 10.5 % with a multiplicity of foam from 50 to 90. be recommended for other deposits.The results of CFD simulation showed that the accumulation of liquid contaminants in the lowered sections of gas pipelines affects gas-dynamic processes and leads to pressure losses above the values provided by the technological regime. With the increase in liquid contaminants volume the pressure losses occur. Moreover, with a small amount of contamination (up to 0.006 m3), liquid contaminants do not have a significant effect on pressure loss. If the contaminants volume in the lowered section of the pipeline is greater than the specified value, the pressure loss increases by parabolic dependence. The increase in mass flow leads to an increase in the value of pressure loss at the site of liquid contamination. Moreover, the greater the mass flow, the greater the impact of its changes on the pressure loss. The CFD simulation performed made it possible not only to determine the patterns of pressure loss in places of liquid contaminants accumulation in the inner cavity of gas pipelines, but also to understand the gas-dynamic processes in such places, which is an unconditional advantage of this method over experimental. Research limitations/implications: The obtained simulation results showed that the increase in the volume of liquid contaminants in the inner cavity of gas gathering pipelines leads to an increase in pressure losses above the value provided by the technological regime. To achieve maximum cleaning of gas gathering pipelines, it is necessary to develop a new method that will combine the considered. Practical implications: The performed experimental results make it possible to take a more thorough approach to cleaning the inner cavity of gas gathering pipelines and to forecast in advance to what extent the hydraulic efficiency of gas gathering pipelines can be increased. Originality/value: The obtained results of CFD simulation of gas-dynamic processes in lowered sections of gas pipelines with liquid contaminants, experimental studies of the effectiveness of various methods of cleaning the inner cavity of gas gathering pipelines has original value.

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Developing a complex of measures for liquid removal from gas condensate wells and flowlines using surfactants

Volovetskyi V.B., Doroshenko Ya.V., Kogut G.M., Rybitskyi I.V., Doroshenko J.I., Shchyrba O.M.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 108, nr 1

24--41

EN

Purpose: The purpose of this work is to consider the complications that arise while operating gas condensate wells, in particular, the accumulation of hydrocarbon condensate, formation and condensation water at wells and flowlines, to develop a method for removing liquid from wells and flowlines before it entering a gas treatment unit and being treated with surfactants and to develop a method for the foam destruction in the gas-liquid flow. Design/methodology/approach: The operational parameters of gas-condensate wells of the Yuliivske oil and gas condensate field (OGCF) have been analysed. Wells have been identified that are operated in difficult conditions due to the accumulation of the liquid at the bottom hole and in flowlines. The volume of the liquid accumulated at the bottom hole of gas condensate wells is estimated. The quantity of surfactants, the volume and concentration of the solution required to remove the liquid were calculated individually for each well. The program of experimental researches has been made. The efficiency of the application of surfactant solution was experimentally determined and a positive result was achieved in the form of an increase in production by 10%. A new approach to the use of surfactant solution, as well as the foam destruction, has been proposed. The studies were performed within the framework of research and development work by the specialists of the Ukrainian Scientific Research Institute of Natural Gases. Findings: Comprehensive measures are proposed to increase the efficiency of gas condensate wells operation. They are monitoring of operational parameters of wells by pressure and temperature gauges installed at the wellhead and at the inlet gas pipelines of the gas treatment unit; calculation of the volume of accumulated fluid in the wellbore and flowline; installation of a complex of automated feeding a surfactant solution of both in the annulus of the wells and in the flowline. For this purpose, two options for the complex and and have a different principle of operation. To prevent foam from entering the gas treatment unit, a method of its destruction has been proposed. The implementation of the proposed comprehensive measures will allow controlling the well operation mode, timely liquid removal from the well and the flowline and ensure stable hydrocarbon production. Research limitations/implications: The obtained results of laboratory and experimental studies have shown that using a surfactant solution is reasonable to remove the liquid from gas condensate wells. To increase the efficiency of the measure, a new method of feeding surfactant solution was developed by installing a unit for automated feeding (UAF) of a surfactant solution at the mouth. Practical implications: The results of laboratory tests allow using a surfactant solution reasonably in order to remove the liquid from gas condensate wells, as well as possible further destruction of foam in the gas-liquid flow for increasing both the efficiency of the extraction and production volume. Originality/value: On the basis of previously performed experimental research, it has been established that it is advisable to use a surfactant solution to remove the liquid from gas condensate wells and flowlines. A new method of removing liquid from gas condensate wells and flowlines has been developed, as well as a method of destroying foam in a gas-liquid flow, which are original and can be implemented.