The safety management system in 16 Estonian enterprises was analysed using the MISHA method. The statistical analysis was conducted for the interpretation of the results on health and safety level in OHSAS 18001 certified and non-certified enterprises. A new learning package “training through the questionnaires” has been worked out for the top and middle managers’ to improve their safety knowledge, where the MISHA questionnaire has been taken as the basis. The tool assists SMEs with health and safety requirements according to the legislation, good practices and tacit knowledge.
PL
W ramach artykułu przeanalizowano System Zarządzania Bezpieczeństwem 16 estońskich przedsiębiorstw przy użyciu metody Misha. Analizę statystyczną przeprowadzono dla wyników dotyczących zdrowia i poziomu bezpieczeństwa w systemie OHSAS 18001 w certyfikowanych i niecertyfikowanych przedsiębiorstwach. Nowy sposób nauczania „szkolenia z kwestionariuszy” został opracowany przez kierownictwo wyższego i średniego szczebla zarządzania w celu poszerzenia wiedzy w zakresie bezpieczeństwa. Podstawę stanowił kwestionariusz MISHA. Narzędzie to pomaga MŚP spełniać wymagania dotyczące bezpieczeństwa i ochrony zdrowia zgodnie z przepisami, dobrymi praktykami oraz przy wykorzystaniu wiedzy ukrytej.
The main problems in occupational health and safety (OHS) system in Estonia (a postcommunist new European Union Member State) are analyzed and the implementation of a simple, flexible risk assessment method is presented. The study aimed to assess the working environment, the employers’ possibilities and willingness to carry out risk assessment, ways to manage risks and the steps being taken towards progressive improvement in OHS. The role of the Estonian Labour Inspectorate in the risk observatory is that of the main key authority in data collection and information dissemination in OHS.
The study focuses on risk assessment of textile workers' work conditions. Clothing industry plays an essential role in Estonian manufacturing activities. There are about 400 sewing companies; the population of Estonia is 1.47 million. The hazards in garment workers' environment are: bad microclimate (hot or cold air), noise, poor lighting, dust; chemicals, such as dyes, enzymes and solvents; bad ergonomics like repetitive motions and unfavorable working positions; from the psychological side the work of sewers is often monotonous and they arc under a constant time pressure (their wage is calculated by the price of certain operation minute). The computerized simple risk assessment method (in JAVA virtual environment) was worked out by the authors, offered to the employers with implementation possibilities and advises. The safety culture at the enterprise will be improved when good risk assessments are carried out and risk reduction measures are implemented by the management.
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