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1
Content available The influence of diesel engine's thermal condition on fuel consumption and smoke of exhaust gases
Pukalskas S., Pikunas A., Bureika G.
Journal of KONES
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2009
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Vol. 16, No. 3
319-324
EN
The number of vehicles in the world is growing rapidly. Therefore, the global consumption of crude oil is increasing and its natural resources are being depleted. It causes the rise of oil fuel cost. Constantly rising energy prices and emironmental concerns have made energy saving the highest priority for transportation operators. The main goal of vehicles' operation is economy. The fuel consumption of the most popular internal combustion engines depends on various factors, and one of the most important of them is thermal condition. Energy or fuel saving is the main way to reduce operational expenses of vehicles. This paper aims to investigate fuel consumption of 1.9 liter volume direct injection diesel engine and to construct a diagram of the dependence of the amount of smoke in exhaust on the temperature of engine's operation. The temperature was fixed in the engine's crankcase, while the temperature of cooling liquid was measured at four points as well as during the engine's bench testing. Unexpected test results are obtained: when the temperature of exhaust gases rises above 70-75 °C, the amount of smoke increases by a few times. Finally, basic conclusions and recommendations are given.
2
Content available remote Research of the car braking process
Mitunevicius V., Nagurnas S., Pikunas A.
Journal of KONES
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2006
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Vol. 13, No. 1
37-45
EN
This paper describes analysis of a car braking process - the peculiarities of car wheel-to-road adhesion, the influence of distribution of braking forces on car stability between front and rear axles. Structural designs of braking systems are analyzed with respect to their meeting the EU standards. Experimental measurements of braking force coefficients for some models of cars are presented with the analysis how these coefficients meet the EU standards. Two kinds of stability (trajectory and course)in the paper has been analyzed. The first one characterizes the car ability of copying a presettled curvilinear trajectory of motion and the second characterizes the ability to retain the straight-line motion. Diagrams of braking process dependence between braking forces of front and rear axles are presented. Breaking diagrams for several cars are presented. Average braking force coefficient was expressed by the dependence upon the deceleration coefficient for the front axle and the rear axle.
3
Content available remote Investigation of effiency of consuming ethanol of diesel engine
Pikunas A., Pukalskas S., Bureika G., Grabys J.
Journal of KONES
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2006
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Vol. 13, No. 2
381-386
EN
Renewable resources, searching for alternative energy and its application in motor vehicles became particularly urgent now, when oilfields are approaching to their depletion and prices of hydrocarbon fuel are permanently growing. One of renewable energy sources is ethanol that may be produced upon the existing conditions in Lithuanian as well. Consuming alternative fuel in internal combustion engines of motor vehicles that are applied to use fuel made of fossil oil causes various technical problems. When pure alternative fuel is consuming, one meets into collision with expensive and complicated changes of structure of the engine and its control (fuel supplying) systems. Seeking for reduction of the above mentioned expenses and simplified exploitation, the usual fuel is partially replaced by the alternative one. The problem arises in using a supply system for introducing the fuel applied for extra supply of ethanol to the air, sucked into Diesel engines combustion chambers. The issues related have been discussed in the presented paper.
4
Content available remote Calculating method of heavy diesel engines emissions toxicity
Pikunas A., Bureika G., Grabys J.
Journal of KONES
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2005
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Vol. 12, No. 1-2
283-290
EN
The method to calculate harmful compounds of exhausts gases from Diesel engines is presented in this topic. It is believed that vehicles with internal combustion engines in European countries release about 89% of CO, 52% of NOx and 44% of volatile organic compounds of the total amount of pollutants. Therefore, the main Diesel engines pollutants are products of incomplete combustion of fuel and other fuels, i.e. particulates, carbon monoxide CO and hydrocarbons CmHn. There are also large quantities of sulphur oxide SOx compounds, i.e. combustion products of sulphur admixtures. Nitrogen oxides NOx make the main part of poisonous substances released by Diesel engines (about 60%). They are formed during the combustion of the nitrogen contained in the air. The poisonous gases amount dependences on engines regimes are presented. Finally, basic conclusions are given.
5
Development of inpipe inspection robots with vibratory impulse actuator and investigation of their kinematic parameters
Pikunas A., Mistinas V., Spruogis B.
Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Poznańskiej. Maszyny Robocze i Transport
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2004
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Nr 58
39-47
EN
In this paper, a robot for inpipe inspection of underground urban gas pipeline is presented. The robot is developed for visual and non-destructive testing of the pipeline networks. The robot is configured as an articulated structure - resembling a snake shape. Two active driving vehicles are located in the front and the rear parts of the system. Passive modules such as a control module and other optional modules are inserted between the active vehicles. The design scheme of an inpipe inspection robot with a vibratory impulse actuator is discussed. The dynamic model of a robot with a vibratory pneumatic actuator was developed and the equations of its movement were derived.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono robota rurociągów gazowych przeznaczonego do nieniszczącej kontroli oraz nadzorowania powierzchni wewnętrznej rurociągu. Robot składa się z otwartego przegubowego łańcucha, w którym ogniwa napędzające znajdują się na jego końcach. Urządzenia kontroli nieniszczącej i nadzorowania powierzchni wewnętrznej rurociągu są umieszczone pomiędzy ogniwami napędowymi. Ponadto przedstawiono schemat konstruk cyjny napędu wibracyjnego robota. Stworzono model dynamiczny robota z napędem wibracyj nym i zbadano jego charakterystyki dynamiczne.
6
Content available remote The influence of methanol on ecological and energetic parameters of SI engines
Pikunas A., Pukalskas S., Grabys J., Mikaliunas S.
Journal of KONES
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2004
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Vol. 11, No. 3-4
108-115
EN
One of the most effective methods to reduce air pollution by SI engine exhaust emission is the use of alcohol though due to its hygroscopicity it makes unstable blends with gasoline. The present paper describes the impact of gasoline-methanol blend on major characteristics of an engine including fuel consumption am ecological parameters. A blend of 75 per cent gasoline and 25 per cent methanol was tested which was mixed in such as to ensure its long-term stability. The data on fuel consumption, engine power, torque, exhaus emission (CO, CO 2, CH, NOX O2) and air-fuel ratio of motor vehicles working on pure gasoline (95 RON) am gasoline-methanol blend (M25) are presented. The results of measurements demonstrate much lower exhaus emission for engine s operating on blend M25.
7
Content available remote Research on the pipeline transport robots elements
Pikunas A., Spruogis B., Matuliauskas A.
Eksploatacja i Niezawodność
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2004
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nr 1
14-18
EN
In the article are reviewed constructions of the pipeline transport robots elements and scheme of new original construction is presented. The mathematical model of the pipeline transport robot is formed and its motion equations are presented.
8
Content available remote Investigation of reliability of high-pressure fuel pumps
Pikunas A., Spruogis B., Jurevicius J.
Eksploatacja i Niezawodność
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2004
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nr 3
29-32
EN
This paper presents the research of faults of high-pressure fuel pumps (HPFP) as the main units of fuel equipment having influence on ifs reliability. Based by example of distributive-type ram HPFP-s, produced in Vilnius (Lithuania), there were examined the main indications of such failures and in accordance with the Waybull 's distribution law thwere were determined distributions of frequency of the random failures. Histogram of distribution of the random value, differential function and diagram of failure distribution of the HPFP-s are also presented.
9
Content available remote Research of the efficiency of use of shock absorbers with controlled dissipative force in motor cars
Pikunas A., Spruogis B.
Eksploatacja i Niezawodność
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2002
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nr 1(13)
3-6
EN
Shock absorbers are chosen according to a certain average influence, so in a wider range of an influence of vibrations as well as on changes of the weight of the transported cargo a scantiness of ordinary shock absorbers comes to light. In the article, possibilities of an application of a shock absorber with magnetic liquid are discussed. In such case, dissipative features may be changed dependently on the level on vibrations of the amortized object. For this purpose, a feedback receiving signals from a seismic sensor is used. Vibration isolating features for the case when the signal is integrated for one or two times are described. In case of feedback according to the offset, i.e. when the signal of the accelerometer is integrated for two times, the efficiency of the vibration isolating system becomes independent on changes of the amortized mass.
10
Content available remote Increasing service life of major parts of internal combustion engines
Pikunas A., Garbiničius G.
Journal of KONES
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2001
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Vol. 8, No. 1-2
342-347
EN
The interaction between the cylinder and the piston in the internal combustion engine under various cooling conditions and restoration of geometrical parameters of cylinders are considered. The possibilities of using more economic technologies are also analyzed, with the results of the research presented. To restore the geometric parameters a restoring repair mixture is used, which, together with the oil of a lubrication system, gets into the engine's friction couples coveringthem by a ceramic layer.
11
Content available remote Wpływ uniwersalnego modyfikatora na osiągi silnika
Pikunas A., Valiunas V., Kozak Z.
Eksploatacja i Niezawodność
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2000
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nr 2(5)
46-49
EN
The Multipurpose Modifier is intended for use in the friction units in order to reduce the friction while improving the contacting pairs durability. Results of the engines test then Multipurpose Modifier is mixable with oil of lubrication system carried out in VGTU Department of Automobile Transport are presented in our article. Our test results analysis showed that Multipurpose Modifier introduction in our engines lubrication system, leads to the instant positive effect: increase and balance compression in all cylinders; reduce exhaust toxicity by improving combustion due to better engine compression; increase engine power or decrease the fuel consumption because lower resistance force of friction between inside components.
PL
Uniwersalny modyfikator jest stosowany jest do par ciernych w celu zmniejszenia tarcia i zwiększenia ich trwałość. W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań silników przy zastosowaniu domieszki uniwersalnego modyfikatora do oleju mineralnego wykonane w VGTU Katedra Pojazdów Transportowych. Z analizy tych badań wynika, że wprowadzenie uniwersalnego modyfikatora do systemu smarowania silnika prowadzi do: wzrostu i wyrównania ciśnienia we wszystkich cylindrach, zmniejszenia emisji substancji toksycznych przez poprawę spalania spowodowane lepszym sprężaniem, wzrost mocy silnika oraz zmniejszeniem zużycia paliwa spowodowane niższymi oporami tarcia.
12
Content available remote Investigation of feasibility to use petrol-ethanol mixtures for spark ignition engines
Bureika G., Pikunas A.
Journal of KONES
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1999
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Vol. 6, No. 1-2
16-22
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