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Brain-computer interface for electric wheelchair based on alpha waves of EEG signal

Banach Kacper, Małecki Mateusz, Rosół Maciej, Broniec Anna

Bio-Algorithms and Med-Systems

2021

Vol. 17, no. 3

165--172

Objectives: Helping patients suffering from serious neurological diseases that lead to hindering the independent movement is of high social importance and an interdisciplinary challenge for engineers. Brain–computer interface (BCI) interfaces based on the electroencephalography (EEG) signal are not easy to use as they require time consuming multiple electrodes montage. We aimed to contribute in bringing BCI systems outside the laboratories so that it could be more accessible to patients, by designing a wheelchair fully controlled by an algorithm using alpha waves and only a few electrodes. Methods: The set of eight binary words are designed, that allow to move forward, backward,turn right andleft, rotate 45° as well as toincrease and decrease the speed of the wheelchair. Our project includes: development of a mobile application which is used as a graphical user interface, real-time signal processing of the EEG signal, development of electric wheelchair engines control system and mechanical construction. Results: The average sensitivity, without training, was 79.58% and specificity 97.08%, on persons who had no previous contact with BCI. Conclusions: The proposed system can be helpful for people suffering from incurable diseases that make them closed in their bodies and for whom communication with the surrounding world is almost impossible.