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PL
Badanie opisane w artykule posiada jakościowy charakter mimo, że otrzymane wyniki prezentują ilościową postać. Przedstawiona metoda dotyczyła sytuacji, w której miejsce (zamek) odwiedzany był nieregularnie przez grupy ludzi o zmiennej strukturze i liczebności, co powodowało, że miało się do czynienia z niestabilnym zbiorem, niepozwalającym dokonać losowego doboru próby. W rezultacie, nie może ona być traktowana jako reprezentatywna, co oznacza, że wyniki badania nie mogą zostać odniesione do populacji, z której pochodzi. Jedynym sposobem aproksymacji rzeczywistej wartości zamku w oczach turystów (jego wartości nierynkowej) jest powtarzanie pomiaru w sposób regularny w długim okresie, aby objąć możliwie największy zbiór odwiedzających.
EN
Every object of a cultural heritage has its total economic value that can be expressed in money. Only a part of it, however, can be evaluated using market prices. The remaining part is calculated without reference to the market, and therefore it is known as a non-market value. In the paper the method to assess this value is described. It’s based on the assumption that the best way of such assessment is to refer to tourists as those for whom the object is so important to be visited that they are ready to give up other forms of spending their leisure time in order to admire its valors. Starting point is to define the needs of tourists. Knowing them makes it possible to estimate the benefits, provided by the object. The paper says how to express this value in money. The method was applied to measure the non-market value of the medieval Grodno Castle in the Sudety Mountains.
2
Content available remote A child seat numerical model validation in the static and dynamic work conditions
EN
Over last decade, road safety attracts increased attention of EU authorities. EU makers believe that new regulations forcing producers to fulfill extremely difficult safety requirement will help to diminish annual road fatalities. One of the latest of such ideas is standardization of side impact resistance of child seats. Since engineers cannot do anything else but to follow the regulations, number of projects aimed toward improvement of child seats side impact resistance has started. The problem is not easy and thus high-end engineering tools have to be used in the design process. One of such tools – a necessity, if one wants to truly understand structure behavior under dynamic working conditions – is numerical analysis of structures. The very basis of effective usage of this technique is reliable model of an analysis subject. This paper presents detailed information on numerical FE model of child seat and its validation based on test results. Effect of modeling techniques and dynamic material behavior on the obtained results is also discussed. Difficulties that arose during real life test are pointed and its influence on FE modeling is showed up.
EN
This article presents the validation process of a brake FE model by means of temperature measured on a special stand using infrared technology. Unlike many other publications, the authors try to show the interaction between measurement technology and numerical modeling rather than only nice, perfectly correlated graphs. Some difficulties in choosing and using validation parameters are also pointed out and discussed. Finally, results of FE analyses are compared with measured data, followed by explanation of applied numerical technology and estimation of validation process effectiveness.
EN
High strain rate experimental tests are essential in a development process of materials under strongly dynamic conditions. For such a dynamic loading the Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) has been widely used to investigate dynamic behaviour of various materials. It was found that for different materials various shapes of a generated wave are desired. This paper presents a parametric study of Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar in order to find striker’s design variables, which influence the pulse peak shape in the incident bar. With experimental data given it was possible to verify the developed numerical model, which was used for presented investigations. Dynamic numerical simulations were performed using explicit LS-Dyna code with a quasi-optimization process carried out using LS-Opt software in order to find striker’s design variables, which influence the pulse peak shape.
EN
The paper presents numerical analyses aimed at preliminary assessment of the protective panel effectiveness, which task is to protect the elements of building structures against explosion. For the criterion of assessing the effectiveness of the panel the load capacity of the column made of steel I-beam was chosen. Ultimate force was determined by using advanced computational procedure, which consisted of four stages: preload, blast simulation, dynamic response and static analysis of deformed structure. Blast load was simulated using Lagrangian- Eulerian domain coupling. Results indicated that the application of the protective panel significantly reduces the plastic deformation of the structure.
PL
Celem pracy było określenie częstości występowania zaburzeń psychicznych, dyskwalifikujących kandydatów z czynnej służby wojskowej na okrętach Marynarki Wojennej RP. W badaniu uwzględniono orzeczenia Wojskowej Komisji Morsko-Lekarskie w Gdańsku z lat 2000-2007. Przeanalizowano dane 21009 mężczyzn zawarte w dokumentacji medycznej WKML. Najczęstszymi nieprawidłowościami były: reakcje adaptacyjne, nieprawidłowy rozwój umysłowy, zaburzenia osobowości oraz nerwice. Zaobserwowano stały trend w występowaniu dysfunkcji psychicznych, będących przyczyną niezdolności do czynnej służby wojskowej.
EN
The aim of the work was to determine the frequency of occurrence of the mental disorders disqualifying certain candidates for active military duty on the ships of Polish Navy. The Maritime-Medical Commissions reports from years 2000-2007 were taken into consideration. 21009 men's data included in the MMC's medical documentation were taken into account. The most frequent diseases were: adaptation reactions, wrong mental development, personality disorders and neuroses. A constant trend was observed in the occurrence of mental dysfunctions which was ascribed as being the cause of inability for active military duty.
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