In this paper, we propose a multi-layer micro-perforated panel structure based on a curled space for broadband sound absorption at low frequencies, which increases the number of perforated panel layers in a limited space using a curled space. The absorption coefficients of the structure under plane wave conditions were calculated using the transfer matrix method and the finite element method. It is demonstrated that the multilayer micro-perforated panel structure can ensure high absorption (consistently over 90%) in the frequency range of 400~5000 Hz. The sound absorption mechanism of the multi-layer micro-perforated panel structure is investigated by using the acoustic impedance along with the reflection coefficient of the complex frequency surface. In addition, we also discuss the effects of the micro-perforated panel parameters on the structural sound absorption coefficient. The results show that the proposed multi-layer micro-perforated panel structure provides an excellent solution for sound absorption in a limited space.
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Zoeppritz equations form the theoretical basis of most existing amplitude variation with incident angle (AVA) inversion methods. Assuming that only primary refections exist, that is, the multiples are fully suppressed and the transmission loss and geometric spreading are completely compensated for, Zoeppritz equations can be used to solve for the elastic parameters of strata efectively. However, for thin interbeds, conventional seismic data processing technologies cannot suppress the internal multiples efectively, nor can they compensate for the transmission loss accurately. Therefore, AVA inversion methods based on Zoeppritz equations or their approximations are not applicable to thin interbeds. In this study, we propose a prestack AVA inversion method based on a fast algorithm for refectivity. The fast refectivity method can compute the full-wave responses, including the refection, transmission, mode conversion, and internal multiples, which is benefcial to the seismic inversion of thin interbeds. A further advantage of the fast refectivity method is that the partial derivatives of the refection coefcient with respect to the elastic parameters can be expressed as analytical solutions. Based on the Gauss– Newton method, we construct the objective function and model-updating formula considering sparse constraint, where the Jacobian matrix takes the form of an analytical solution, which can signifcantly accelerate the inversion convergence. We validate our inversion method using numerical examples and feld seismic data. The inversion results demonstrate that the fast refectivity-based inversion method is more efective for thin interbed models in which the wave-propagation efects, such as interval multiples, are difcult to eliminate.
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