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1 Polish Journal of Ecology

1 2025

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Absence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in urban populations of the common toad Bufo bufo in Warsaw, Central Poland

Sztencel-Jabłonka Anna, Bilska Aleksandra G., Bujalska Barbara, Mazgajska Joanna, Mazgajski Tomasz D., Dabrowski Michal J.

Polish Journal of Ecology

2025

Vol. 73, nr 1-2

39--43

Chytridiomycosis, caused by the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, is a major driver of global amphibian declines. While common toads Bufo bufo are considered relatively tolerant to infection, urban populations may be particularly vulnerable due to environmental stressors and limited dispersal. In this study, we screened toe skin samples from 49 B. bufo individuals collected in 2012 from six urban water bodies in Warsaw (Poland) for the presence of B. dendrobatidis using PCR-based diagnostics. All samples tested negative, indicating the absence of the pathogen in the surveyed populations. The absence of infection may reflect limited pathogen spread, resulting from habitat fragmentation and restricted toad movement within the urban matrix. However, given B. dendrobatidis high transmissibility and potential for chronic sublethal effects, ongoing surveillance remains essential to safeguard urban amphibian populations.