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EN
Intraoperative electron radiation therapy (IOERT) is a cancer treatment method that combines oncologic surgery with electron beam radiotherapy. This method can reduce the duration of entire tumor treatment and increase its effectiveness. Moreover, shortening the treatment time signifi cantly reduces the cost and accessibility of the therapy. As a result of interdisciplinary research, an innovative accelerator for IOERT, the IntraLine, was developed. In the course of this work, four patent applications were fi led. Today, the work is half way through. In the near future, the device will be optimized. New mechanical design solutions will be developed. Mechanical optimization will signifi cantly reduce the weight of the device. Accelerators control system, which today is in the demo phase, will also be signifi cantly upgraded. This paper describes the stages of the IntraLine accelerator development, its current state and plans for the future R&D work, within the scope of our new Intra-Dose project.
EN
: Experimental results of effects of thermomechanical couplings occurring both in natural vulcanized rubber and rubber with self-healing polyurethane subjected to tension at different strain rates are presented. Mechanical characteristics were recorded by testing machine, while the sample temperature changes accompanying the deformation process was measured by infrared camera. The goal was to investigate influence of self-healing polyurethane on the rubber mechanical and thermomechanical properties. It was found that the introduction of the self-healing polyurethane ensures the higher elasticity and the lower tensile strength of the rubber. It was also confirmed that the material is very sensitive to the strain rate; the higher the strain rate, the higher the values of the stress and temperature increases have been obtained.
EN
Experimental results of effects of thermomechanical couplings occurring in shape memory polymer subjected to tension are presented. Stress-strain curves were recorded by testing machine, while their related temperature changes were measured with infrared camera. The mechanical and thermal characteristics were used to investigate the polymer properties. Three various stages were distinguished during the deformation process. The first, elastic, is accompanied by a drop in the specimen temperature; the second, plastic, is associated with change of the material structure and the temperature increase; the third stage, related to the specimen rupture and damage mechanisms, is accompanied by the significant increase in temperature.
PL
W pracy zawarto opis podstawowych właściwości, przykłady zastosowań oraz wyniki badań efektów sprzężeń termomechanicznych poliuretanu z pamięcią kształtu w procesie rozciągania. Otrzymane charakterystyki mechaniczne i temperaturowe wskazują na dużą wrażliwość tego polimeru na prędkość deformacji. Wykorzystując efekt termosprężysty wyznaczono granice odwracalnego odkształcenia (plastyczności) dla różnych prędkości odkształcania. Pokazano, że metoda bazująca na minimum temperatury próbki pozwala na wyznaczenie granicy plastyczności z dużą dokładnością, w tym materiałów wykazujących nieliniową sprężystość.
EN
Mechanical properties and temperature changes of a new multifunctional material - polyurethane shape memory polymer (PU-SMP) subjected to tension at room temperature with various strain rates are presented (Figs. 1-3), [1, 2]. The stress and strain data were recorded by an MTS 858 testing machine. The temperature changes were measured by a fast and sensitive infrared camera ThermaCam PhoenixTM. Basing on the obtained mechanical and corresponding temperature data, experimental effects of thermomechanical couplings occurring in the SMP during loading were studied (Figs. 4-7). The stress and temperature changes vs. strain obtained for tension with strain rates 2x10-1s-1 and 2x100s-1 until the sample rupture show that the SMP exhibits a hardening-like behavior and its elongation limit is over 180 % in case of the true strains (Figs. 4, 5). The higher strain rate, the higher temperature changes were recorded, since the mechanisms of deformation occurred very fast and the process was more close to adiabatic conditions. The significant temperature changes, accompanying the SMP loading with higher strain rate, influence the SMP mechanical behavior. Namely, a maximum of the stress value was recorded at the advanced loading stage, followed by its drop and increase preceding the sample rupture (Fig. 5). The initial reversible tension of any solids is accompanied by a temperature decrease, called thermoelastic effect, whereas the following plastic deformation is always related to energy dissipation and increase in the sample temperature [3-5]. Thus, the maximum drop in temperature of the sample subjected to tension indicates a limit of the reversible material deformation. The higher strain rate, the higher drops in temperature for the SMP were recorded and the larger values of the yield point for the polymer were obtained (Figs. 6, 7), [9, 10].
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