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Validity of the Gait Deviation Index in children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Bazarnik-Mucha Katarzyna, Guzik Agnieszka, Szczepanik Magdalena, Snela Sławomir, Drużbicki Mariusz

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

2022

Vol. 24, no. 2

75--82

Effectiveness of the Gait Deviation Index (GDI) in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the validity of the GDI as an outcome measure of gait disturbance children with JIA. Methods: Fifty children and adolescents with JIA were included into the study. The control group included 50 healthy children without gait disorders, matched for age and gender. The kinematic gait parameters were measured using a 3D movement analysis system. Walking speed, walking distance, cadence, step length and single support time were also evaluated. Results: The findings show a statistically significant difference between the values of GDI for the right leg in the study group and the controls ( p = 0.036). The individuals included in the study group achieved significantly lower values in this parameter (mean 94.92 ± 8.38 vs. mean 100.00 ± 10.00). The GDI value for right and left leg and the mean GDI value showed low (0.3 ≤ |R| < 0.5, p < 0.005) to moderate (0.5 ≤ |R| < 0.7, p < 0.001) correlations with the other gait parameters and measures. Conclusions: The GDI scores were lower in individuals with JIA compared to controls. This difference in the GDI values was only significant for the right leg. The GDI values showed low to moderate correlations with other gait parameters.

Three-dimensional analysis of gait in children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Bazarnik-Mucha Katarzyna, Snela Sławomir, Szczepanik Magdalena, Jarmuziewicz Agnieszka, Guzik Agnieszka, Wolińska Olga, Drużbicki Mariusz

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

2020

Vol. 22, no. 2

35--45

The paper aimed to assess the gait pattern in children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) treated at the rehabilitation center and to assess changes in this pattern after the end of treatment and 9 months later. Methods: 50 children with JIA were enrolled into the study. 35 healthy volunteers were enrolled into the study for a comparison. Spatiotemporal and kinematic gait parameters were obtained using a movement analysis system. The Gait Deviation Index (GDI) was calculated. The assessment was performed three times: on the day of admission to the rehabilitation center, after the end of a 4-week treatment period and 9 months later. Results: With regard to the majority of spatiotemporal and kinematic parameters, differences in their distribution were highly statistically significant between the study group and the control group ( p < 0.001). In two subsequent tests, differences were less significant when compared to the control group ( p < 0.01). In the study group, ranges of motion in the sagittal plane in the hip ( p < 0.01), knee ( p < 0.001) and ankle joints ( p < 0.01) increased significantly between tests 1 and 2, and 1 and 3. A significantly lower value of GDI was observed in the study group (right limb; p = 0.036). Conclusions: The gait pattern of children with JIA is significantly different from the one observed in healthy children. A rehabilitation program significantly improved gait in children with JIA, but differences compared to healthy children were still observed, and it indicates that the abnormal gait pattern became permanent in this group of subjects.