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Nitrogen relationships in Polish cropping systems

Faber Antoni, Jarosz Zuzanna, Jędrejek Anna, Kopiński Jerzy

Journal of Water and Land Development

2023

no. 56

27--36

Based on FAO data, the paper presents trends in nitrogen (N) input and output in Poland. As N input (Ninp), nitrogen from mineral fertilisers, manure application, biological fixation, and deposition was included. The N outputs (Nout) include the N contained in crop harvest (main products and by-products). The trend analyses were carried out for the period before (1961-1989) and after (1990-2018) the changes in the political and economic systems. Additionally, trends in the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and nitrogen surpluses (NS) are presented for these periods. In both compared periods, the mean values of N budget indicators in Poland were (kg N∙ha-1 UAA): Ninp 120 and 125, Nout 61 and 84, NS 60 and 41 and NUE 53 and 67%, respectively. The estimated Ymax, which represents the Nout value reached at saturating N fertilisation, reached the values of 127 and 263 kg N∙ha-1 UAA in these periods. The difference in these values suggests a significant impact of agronomy improvement on Nout in the recent period. The trends of nitrogen within 16 regions in period 2002-2019, based on national data, resulted in a significant variation in N indicators. The values found were in the following ranges (kg N∙ha-1 UAA): Ninp 78-167; Nout 62-99; NS 15-83 and Ymax 139-317. The NUE ranged from 50-81%. The obtained results indicate that in Poland and its regions there is still a need to improve of the nitrogen efficiency.

Rola instytutów badawczych we wsparciu działań adaptacyjnych do zmian klimatu

Granoszewski Wojciech, Kowalczyk Agnieszka, Ploch Izabela, Rubinkiewicz Jacek, Woźnicka Małgorzata, Kępińska-Kasprzak Małgorzata, Limanówka Danuta, Doktor Radosław, Struzik Piotr, Dubel Anna, Skotak Krzysztof, Hajto Małgorzata, Kozyra Jerzy, Pudełko Rafał, Żyłowska Katarzyna, Jędrejek Anna, Łopatka Artur, Jadczyszyn Jan, Nieróbca Anna, Doroszewski Andrzej, Barszczewska Marta

Przegląd Geologiczny

2020

Vol. 68, nr 1

25--44

A crucial part of every adaptation planning and disaster risk reduction is estimation of vulnerable areas and risk in the future. Only a well-developed monitoring system could bring valuable information to create possible scenarios to set up adaptation plans. Monitoring systems of meteorological conditions, surface water, groundwater, landslides, seacoast, agricultural drought as well as their standards and methodologies, are crucial for establishing an effective warning system of every country, and thus are the subject of research conducted by national institutes. Therefore, the conditions of this national research (getting trained staff, equipment etc.) is essential to provide reliable information for a national adaptation plan and for economic assessment of climate change impacts. Poland has significant experiences in monitoring systems, data collecting and visualizing, as well as in the development of scenarios and risk maps. Methodologies and capacity building, necessary for their use, along with experiences and lessons, learned to get valuable information for disaster risk reduction, were presented by the authors from the research during the 24th session of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP 24) in Katowice (December 2018). The presentation contributed to the global adaptation process through experience sharing that is important for the relevant research conducted in the least developed countries.