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The Impact of Climate Change on Maritime Transport: A Review of the Situation in the Kymenlaakso Region

Altarriba Elias

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

2025

Vol. 19 No. 1

197--205

In the context of international trade logistics, Finland is an island. Due to the significant reduction in trade with Russia following the war in Ukraine, maritime transport has become the predominant mode of transportation for exports and imports, accounting for approximately 95%. The Port of Hamina-Kotka, located in south-eastern Finland, is the primary freight port in the region and plays a crucial role in the maritime logistics of the heavy industry in eastern Finland. The consequences of climate change are being felt acutely in the area, especially during the winter months. Rising temperatures are leading to a decline in winter sea ice cover annually, exerting a substantial influence on winter weather conditions in the region. However, the variability of weather conditions, which is expected to continue in the future, poses an additional challenge. The ILMERI project (Impacts of Climate Change on Maritime Transport, implemented between March 1, 2025, and February 28, 2026), conducted by the South-Eastern Finland University of Applied Sciences and funded by the European Regional Development Fund, studies the effects of changes in conditions caused by climate change on maritime transport in the Kymenlaakso region. This article presents a summary of the baseline situation, including a review of the region’s fairway system, marine transportation infrastructure, typical cargo types transported, and available climate data. This is significant because fairway and port solutions represent long-term investments, and any recommendations must be based on reliable data to prevent both over and under-preparedness for future challenges.