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1

Kryteria oceny trwałości elementów trących

Braun E.D., Petrova I.M., Moskvitin G.B.

Inżynieria Powierzchni

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1999

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Nr 3

36-40

PL

Zaproponowano kryteria dla oceny trwałości elementów trących przy jednoczesnym działaniu mechanizmów kumulacji uszkodzeń przy zmiennym obciążeniu niskocyklowymi wysokocyklowym oraz zużyciu przez tarcie. Podano nowe sformułowanie odkształceniowo-kinetycznego warunku kryterialnego, pozwalającego na ocenę trwałości skojarzeń trących w warunkach eksploatacyjnych. Opracowany sposób oceny trwałości elementów trących porównano z dotychczas stosowanymi metodami.

EN

In this are proposed criteria for assess of the durability of friction elements by simultaneously influence of an effect of accummulating damage by variable low- and highcycle loading and wear by friction. They are given new formula of deformation-kinetic criterial condition, which permit for the assess of the durability of tribocouples in operating conditions. Elaborating means of assess of the durability of friction elements were compared with actually applying methods.

2

Estimating principles of operating properties and service life of friction units on testing machines

Braun E. D., Gorbunov V. N., Makhutov N. A., Smushkovich B. L.

Tribologia

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1998

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z. 5

608-615

EN

In this paper the estimating principles of operating properties and service life of friction units in connection with the use of serial testing machines according to procedures worked out by the Association of Tribology Engineers as well as principles of use of the body of mathematics of modelling theory with the aim of provision of triboconjugation reliability are considered. In the design of any kind of a testing machine, it is very important for a designer to estimate energy losses in friction units and the service life of the latters from the standpoint of tribology. Unfortunately, up to now universal procedures have not been devised to solve these problems. This does not mean that this field of science is short of skilled specialists. This depends upon a wide variaty of practical problems. To solve these problems it is necessary to take into account the reaction of working surfaces of friction pair components at their interaction with each other and with the medium mainly consisting of diverse lubricating materials. Difficulties emerge here due to the insufficient study of the material behaviour in contact depending on chemical composition, structure, thermal and force actions as well as on load application method. The latter is especially to be taken into account as a factor which allows or does not allow the materials of friction pair components to self--organize in order to ensure normal operation of a friction pair. Experiment is to be performed for preparation of the calculated basis by means of which calculated procedures arc built for triboconjugations of known material combinations being operated in the given load range. Experiment is also to be conducted if one of the components of a studied friction triad or a friction pair in the medium of the lubricating material is changed. This experiment may be carried out under operating conditions, but this is a long and expensive process. As an alternative an investigation can be considered including a cycle of laboratory testings being carried out by means of serial test equipment according to special procedures. The required test equipment is manufactured by J/'S Company TOCHPRIBOR, Ivanovo, Russian Federation. The testing procedures are developed by the Association of Tribo-logy Engineers which is attached to the Union of the Scientific Engineering Society and to the Russian Engineering Academy. The procedures must take into account requirements of the similarity and modelling theory [L.I]. The aim of the present paper is to consider some scientifically justified principles that can be realized by the use of serial testing machines of J/S Company TOCHPRIBOR. This enables the designer and the production engineer to prevent mistakes which offen occur at the phase of friction units design of testing machines. We consider main principles which, from our experience, first of all should be taken into account in deciding on friction pairs and lubricating materials for the concrete triboconjugation of the machine to be designed.

PL

W artykule podane są rozważania dotyczące zasad oceny włściwości eksploatacyjnych i żywotności układów ciernych z użyciem standartowych maszyn testujących zgodnych z procedurami opracowanymi przez Associatio of Tribology Engineers oraz zasady uzycia aparatu matematycznego teorii modelowania dla zapewnienia niezawodności.

3

The analysis of the energy in tribosystems

Braun E. D., Buyanovsky I. A., Petrova I. M.

Problemy Eksploatacji

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1998

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nr 3

53-58

EN

Because of simultaneous action of wear and of applying variable stresses in a number of machine parts the complicated mechanisms of damage accumulation during service often take place. One of the possible approaches for the estimation of the service life of machine parts in this case is the estimation of the total damage, that summarize the fractions caused by each of these service factors, e.g. loading type, friction. This approach based on the data of the analysis of the distribution and cieculation of the energy in the friction pairs.

PL

Podczas użytkowania maszyn mają miejsce skomplikowane mechanizmy akumulacji zużycia wielu elementów, spowodowane jednoczesnym działaniem zużycia i występowaniem różnych naprężeń. Jedną z możliwości oszacowania żywotności elementów maszyny jest w takim przypadku ocena całkowitego uszkodzenia, które jest sumą udziałów powodowany przez każdy czynnik obsługi, tj. rodzaj obciążenia, tarcie. Takie podejście oparte jest na danych uzyskanych dzięki analizie rozkładu i cyrkulacji energii w pracach ciernych.