While the marine molluscs from Sarmatian deposits of the Carpathian Foredeep Basin are known in general, there is a paucity of data on the terrestrial gastropods. Recently, a rich assemblage of terrestrial snails, accompanied by freshwater species, was found in Zwierzyniec, in the north-western, marginal part of the Carpathian Foredeep. Among the 38 taxa recognised, there are 22 species found in Poland for the first time; a new clausiliid species Triloba magurkai Stworzewicz sp. nov. is described. Freshwater gastropods (nine Lymnaeidae species and two Planorbidae species) were presented elsewhere. The malacofauna comprises aquatic and typical hygrophilous elements from coastal wetland habitats, some xerophilous species from dry, open environments, and gastropods from an adjacent subtropical woodland.
New locality of slope breccias was found in the Western Tatra Mts. It occures in the Długa Valley on a steep slope of ravine beneath the belt of Jurassic radiolarite cliffs. The brecccia consists of angular clasts of radiolarite bound with calcite cements. Void spaces between the clasts contain shells of Holocene snails. The cements are built of columnar crystals composed of acicular subcrystals and of skeletal crystals. The crystals grew rapidly from supersaturated solution due to CO2 degassing. Cementation occurred in vadose conditions in the Atlantcic Phase soon after the scree formation.
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Interdisciplinary excavation undertaken in the Deszczowa Cave and the Upper Rock Shelter between 1989 and 1997 have yielded Palaeolithic artefacts and abundant vertebrate fauna. Sediment sequence consists of 11 layers marked from the bottom to the top I-XI. Layer IV probably represents the warmest period due to important amount of organic carbon, phosphates and iron compounds. Generally, the lower part of the section (layers I-VI) could be correlated with the Early Vistulian and/or Interplenivistulian. Loess layer VIII originated during cold and dry period and it probably corresponds to the Upper Pleniglacial. The fossil fauna of snails and vertebrates belong to ca. 130 species. In the almost whole profile (except of layers X and XI), the most abundant are steppe-tundra species (65-76%) accompanied by forest faunas (especialy in layers VI and XI, 22% and 29%, respectively), and species connected with water or moist environments (10-23%). Three Middle Palaeolithic cultural horizons have been distinguished in layers IV-VI, Aurignacian assemblage in layer VIIa, Epigravettian one in layer VIIIa, and Late Palaeolithic or Early Mesolithic at the surface of the layer X.
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