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Carbon coatings for medical implants

Grabarczyk J., Batory D., Louda P., Couvrat P., Kotela I., Bakowicz-Mitura K.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2007

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Vol. 20, nr 1-2

107-110

EN

Purpose: In this paper we report in vitro and in vivo results of Nanocrystalline Diamond Coatings which are used in medicine onto medical implants. The very important property of carbon coatings is the protection living organism against the metalosis. Different medical implants with complicated shapes are covering by Nanocrystalline Diamond Coatings by RF dense plasma CVD. Design/methodology/approach: 1) Material characterizations of deposited coatings have been evaluated by using: Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), micro X-Ray Spectroscopy and bend test 2) Biological investigation based on: (a) in vivo and (b) in vitro examinations as well (c) clinical investigations - contact allergy. Findings: It was revealed that Nanocrystalline Diamond Coatings form the barrier diffusion between implant and human environment as a consequence prevent leaching of metallic ions into the body. Additionally, the research on carbon coatings proved that diamond layers are biocompatible with living organism. Contact allergy on nickel is inhibited by diamond powders. Practical implications: Practical application metal implants with NCD in orthopedy, cardiosurgery, oral surgery, maxillo-facial surgery and dermatology. Originality/value: We have observed anti-inflammatory, antiallergic and anticancerogenic responses from the carbon coatings layers onto medical implants like wires and screws.

2

Properties of NiTi - shape memory alloy after modification by RF PCVD method

Czerniak-Reczulska M., Couvrat P., Grabarczyk J., Niedzielski P.

Inżynieria Biomateriałów

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2006

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R. 9, nr 56-57

37-39

EN

The DLC (diamond-like carbon) and NCD (nanocrystalline diamond) layers coat made implants of medical steel 316L, titanium and titanium alloys. These layers have excellent properties such as: high hardness, good biocompatibility to various types of cells, good adhesion to implants, wheres implants with diamond layer have good corrosion resistance in body fluids. Result received for these materials are encourage to modification other materials for example shape memory alloy NiTi, Nitinol is often used material in interventional cardiology, orthodontics and urology. Shape memory alloy characterizes of return to designed shape, superelasticity, thermomechanical behavior. This phenomenons are proceeded thanks to the martensite transformation. Modification in high temperature perhaps cause failure martensite transformation which influence on the material properties change.

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Badania warstw węglowych wytworzonych na stopach magnezu metodą PACVD

Gołąbczak M., Couvrat P.

Inżynieria Biomateriałów

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2005

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R. 8, nr 43-44

24--28

PL

W pracy przedstawiono metodę wytwarzania warstw węglowych na stopie magnezu AZ31 oraz wybrane wyniki badań dotyczące ich właściwości ochronno-dekoracyjnych. Do wytworzenia warstw węglowych zastosowano metodę PACVD (Plasma Activated Chemical Vapour Deposition), polegającą na rozkładzie metanu w plazmie wysokiej częstotliwości. Prezentowane wyniki badań obejmują: identyfikację wytworzonych warstw węglowych na stopie magnezu, ocenę mikroskopową powierzchni tych warstw oraz testy ich odporności korozyjnej.

EN

In the paper the method of manufacturing of carbon layers on A31 magnesium alloy and selected results concerning their decorative and protective properties have been presented. For manufacturing of carbon layers the Plasma Activated Chemical Vapour Deposition method has been applied. The idea of this technology has consisted in the process of excite of dense plasma in methane in a radio frequency field 13,56 MHz at a gas pressure 10-20Pa. Presented investigation results has included: identification of carbon layers manufactured on magnesium alloy, their microscopic estimation and corrosion resistance.

4

Czy mikroorganizmy mogą modyfikować twarde warstwy węglowe?

Kaczorowska A., Szczęsna-Antczak M., Antczak T., Bielecki S., Mitura S., Niedzielski P., Kaczorowski W., Kozanecki M., Couvrat P.

Inżynieria Biomateriałów

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2004

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R. 7, nr 35-36

12-16

PL

Badano wpływ różnych drobnoustrojów na powierzchnie pokryte warstwami węglowymi. Powłoki diamentopodobne wytworzono na stali medycznej stosując metodę RF PCVD. Do badań zastosowano próbki z warstwami naniesionymi przy różnych parametrach. Próbki te poddano na działanie komórek mikroorganizmów w warunkach hodowli statycznej w podłożu stałym. Powłoki węglowe przed i po wzroście drobnoustrojów analizowano wykorzystując mikroskop optyczny i fluorescencyjny, skaningowy mikroskop elektronowy oraz spektroskop Ramana. Wyniki badań dowiodły, że niektóre z zastosowanych drobnoustrojów silnie oddziałują z twardą warstwą węglową i prawdopodobnie doprowadzają do zmian jej struktury.

EN

An effect of microorganisms of surfaces covered with carbon coatings has been studied. Carbon films on medical stainless steel have been made using RF PCVD method. The samples covered with carbon coatings under different conditions were used. All samples were inoculated with various microorganisms. The carbon layers before and after the growth of the microbes were examined by means of Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and optical microscope. It was found that some of the microbes strongly attacked of the surface of carbon films and probably changed their structure.

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Influence of parameters of deposition on forming carbon films onto cemented carbide surface in RF PCVD method

Grabarczyk J., Couvrat P., Mitura S., Niedzielski P., Kaczorowski W.

Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering

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2000

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Vol. 4, nr 1

51--56

EN

Examination described in this article was made in Laboratorie de Materiaux in ECAM (L'Ecole Catholique d'Arts et Metiers), Lyon. It was preceded by investigation concerning overing of cemented carbide cutting tools by wear resistant carbon films examined in technical University in Lodz. The works concerned three types of cutting tools: slitting saws, ang-type cutters and cutter head plates. In all cases the increase of tools life was from 50 to 00 percent depending on types of tools and parameters of deposition. All milling tests were arried out in real work conditions in wood industry. In details information about properties f carbon film, NCD (nanokrystalline diamond) and DLC (diamond-like carbon) sintered in RF PCVD method and wear behavior cutting tools with and without carbon layer was escribed in works wrote by Mitura, Niedzielski and others [1,2,3]. The aim of this project was to examine influence parameters of deposition and method of location of samples on RF-power electrode in RF PCVD method on structure of carbon coatings, which covered cemented carbide substrates. During researches Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) type PHILIPS XL30i was used, with installed microanalysis system (EDX) from EDAX.