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1
Content available Web data scraping for digital public relations analysis based on the example of companies installing photovoltaic systems
Zdonek Dariusz
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
|
2022
|
z. 161
365--380
EN
Purpose: The first objective of this article was an attempt at identifying the major differences between such terms as public relations (PR), digital public relations (DPR) and digital marketing (DM). The second objective was to employ selected web data scraping techniques to analyse DPR of service providers installing photovoltaic systems. Design/methodology/approach: The first objective of this article was achieved by analysing reference works. To achieve the second objective, the author used MS Excel, web scraping and proprietary computer scripts in R and Python. In this way, selected details were obtained from the companies catalogue at panoramafirm.pl and Google search engine, and then the received results were compared and analysed. What is more, the results from Google search engine were obtained and analysed for 964 towns and cities entered in the engine with the “photovoltaics” phrase. Findings: 50 thousand URLs were obtained and 1,755 unique website domain addresses were extracted. Analysing the content of websites at the obtained Internet domains, 6 major categories of websites were identified, which appeared in the first 10 search results for the photovoltaic-related queries. These are: Company Websites (CW), Blog Websites (BW), Announcement Services (AS), SEO Landing Pages (SLP), Public Announcement Pages (PAP) and Social Media Page (SMP). Each of these categories is characterised briefly and a few examples are provided for each of them. Research limitations/implications: The limitations of this article include the focus on one companies catalogue, i.e., panoramafirm.pl, and the results from Google search engine solely for the Polish language. Moreover, only the results of the first 10 links from Google engine for the single “photovoltaics” phrase and town/city name were taken into consideration. Originality/value: This article has a theoretical and practical value. The analysis allowed to identify six categories of websites, which may be analysed with respect to digital public relations in the area of photovoltaic system installation. The most important of them are the websites belonging to the Company Website (CW) and Social Media Page (SMP) types. This article is addressed to anyone interested in obtaining data from the Internet using web scraping technique and data analysis in the area of digital public relations (DPR).
2
Content available Website optimisation for search engines – concept of website profiling
Król Karol, Zdonek Dariusz
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
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2020
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z. 144
287--298
EN
Purpose: The article presents the concept of profiling a website. Profiling is focused on the quality of the SEO (search engine optimization) audit and the conclusions that flow from it, and its goal is to increase the effectiveness of the review. The primary purpose of the work was to assess the accuracy of the characteristics prepared in this way. Design/methodology/approach: Four websites related to the hotel industry have been profiled and compiled in pairs, whose addresses were obtained from an Internet search engine. The tests were performed using selected testing tools. Findings: It has been shown that based on an analysis of SEO attributes, one can create a technological profile of a site without browsing it first, and the relevance of profiling is determined by two factors: the auditor’s experience and audit scope, including the quality and number of testing tools used. Practical implications: The idea of profiling involves looking at a website only through the prism of an SEO audit, which changes the perspective and forces a more in-depth analysis of SEO tests. This can contribute to better use of information obtained during an inspection. Profiling is often treated as an activity supplementing an SEO audit in the case of a lack of access to testing tools when the test results are incomplete, insufficient, or inaccessible. Originality/value: By analyzing SEO attributes, one can create a technology profile and a specific site characteristic without browsing it first. Two factors determine the relevance of profiling: the auditor’s experience and the quality and scope of the audit performed by the testing application.
3
Content available Visual identification of rural tourism facilities in Poland
Król Karol, Zdonek Dariusz
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
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2020
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z. 149
361--369
EN
Purpose: The subject of the research were the logos of individual facilities of rural tourism in Poland found on the websites of these facilities. Design/methodology/approach: The research covered 243 websites hosted on paid domains. A semantic, formal and aesthetic analysis of graphic signs was conducted. The research was conducted by way of exploratory method. Logos were found on 202 websites. 41 facilities did not use a graphic sign. In 112 cases the logo was composed of a symbol and logotype. Findings: In 147 cases the logos had a traditional form (traditional, neutral, rustic) or used elements associated with rural areas. In 49 cases, the logos were assessed as modern. Originality/value: What was noted was the fact that in hyper-text documents, logos perform numerous functions. Apart from making the navigation easier, they can also have a dynamic, multimedia form. On the basis of analysis of graphic signs, two main types of rural tourism facilities were distinguished: “traditional” and “commercialized” ones.
4
Content available Usability assessment of agrotourism farm websites in Poland
Król Karol, Zdonek Dariusz
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
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2020
|
z. 144
277--286
EN
Purpose: Interactivity and simplicity of navigation make users browse a website, and its usefulness is the main factor which influences the intention of using it to buy a product or service. The aim of the paper was to identify the most frequent project errors that negatively impact the usability of websites of agortourism farms. Design/methodology/approach: The surveys were carried out by the audit method in a set of websites which were grouped according to accepted categories. The audit was based on a heuristic analysis using a control list. Findings: A number of usability problems have been identified in the set of examined websites; however, the most important were the lack of explicit updates or the presentation of outdated information, as well as the dysfunction of forms – contact and inquiry. Zero-category sites are unusable. They are characterised, among others, by no visible updates (or presentation of outdated information), archaic technique of execution, often based on so-called “Frames” (iframes) or tables, as well as imperfect, archaic graphic design. Originality/value: The usefulness of a website (reflected in the design details) goes into the background when it only serves an information and contact function and does not provide advanced functionalities, such as, for example, an accommodation booking form. In the case of agrotourism farms, the most important elements are the thematic graphic design and exhaustive content.
5
Content available Managing a company's website in the face of a cyberattack - an example of proactive detection by Google
Strzelecki Artur, Król Karol, Zdonek Dariusz
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
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2020
|
z. 149
667--676
EN
Purpose: Proactive detection by Google is designed to protect users and website administrators from threats resulting from malware infections. The aim of the research is to analyse the threats resulting from the development and universality of the World Wide Web service in the world and the solutions offered by the Google consortium in the field of proactive protection of websites against cyberattacks. Design/methodology/approach: The research covered processes informing users and website owners about the potential threat, carried out as part of proactive Google protection. Findings: Management of a company’s website in the face of a cyberattack boils down to the use of various security measures and monitoring implemented mostly by network system administrators. Originality/value: Research has shown that the key to the security of the website is to have an up-to-date version of the content management system and continuous monitoring of the website.
6
Content available Identification of the leading research domains and grouping of articles on the smart city using text mining
Zdonek Dariusz
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
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2020
|
z. 148
845--860
EN
Purpose: The objective of the paper is to use text mining to identify leading research domains concerning the smart city following an analysis of research articles with a high citation index according to the Web of Science. Design/methodology/approach: An original method is proposed for analysing academic texts using the R language, tokenisation, lemmatisation, n-grams and correspondence analysis. The author analysed fifty of the most cited articles indexed in the Web of Science from 2014 to 2019. Findings: The paper presents the advantages and drawbacks of the proposed method of analysing research publications. The assets include automation and repeatability of the analysis of a large number of documents and improved knowledge about links among the articles in terms of research domains. The disadvantage is the loss of information from diagrams and figures. The method identified two leading research domains related to the notion of the smart city, technologies and systems. The analysed publications were categorised by selected keywords. Research limitations/implications: Future work should include further refinement of the assumptions for the method, analyses of a more significant number of research texts and a narrowing down of the domain of the smart city. It is desirable to consider other functional domains of the city, such as energy, public health, environmental protection or transport. Practical implications: The proposed method can complement a standard literature analysis regarding the smart city. The leading research domains related to the smart city in the analysed articles were systems and technologies employed to improve how the city operates. Social implications: Text mining can be employed by various experts focusing on the smart city and constitutes a refreshing complement for other research methods, such as questionnaire surveys, interviews or observations. Originality/value The publication can be useful for researchers from various fields and managers seeking to create and use simple, useful methods and tools for analysing unstructured text documents for decision-making. The paper proposes a separate text mining analysis of abstracts and whole documents using n-grams. This yielded a more precise list of areas relevant to the smart city. The grouping was done using correspondence analysis of the fifty most cited articles indexed in the Web of Science from 2014 to 2019.
7
Content available Identification of technologies in Industry 4.0 with the use of text mining
Zdonek Dariusz
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
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2020
|
z. 142
45--57
EN
Purpose: The objective of this paper is to identify leading technologies in Industry 4.0. Design/methodology/approach: The identification was made with the use of text mining to explore the scientific texts in this field. Assumptions of own iterative method for analyzing scientific texts were proposed, with the use of R language, tokenization, lemmatization, n-grams and correspondence analysis. The assumptions of the proposed method were used to analyze the 40 most often quoted articles indexed in the Web of Science. Findings: On the basis of the obtained results, 4 leading technologies were identified. These are Cloud Computing, Internet of Things, Cyber-physical System and Big Data. Originality/value: The article proposes an original method of identifying the leading technologies used in Industry 4.0. The proposed method is based on text mining and correspondence analysis.
8
Content available Assessment of the attractiveness of the tourist and recreation area of Bielsko county
Król Karol, Ziernicka-Wojtaszek Agnieszka, Zdonek Dariusz
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
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2020
|
z. 144
299--314
EN
Purpose: The development of the tourist function is possible in attractive tourist areas. The indication of areas of tourist interest is possible, thanks to the assessment of tourist and recreational attractiveness. Conditions for the development of tourism can be described, among others using aggregated synthetic indicators. The purpose of the work is to analyze the attractiveness of the tourist and recreational space of the Bielsko County (Silesian Voivodeship, Poland). Design/methodology/approach: The research area was chosen because of its tourist potential and location in a region with exceptional natural and cultural values. The research used multidimensional comparative analysis, synthetic measures method, and questionnaire form. Findings: It has been shown that in the adopted research model, the most attractive tourist destination is the commune of Szczyrk, and the most attractive investment is the urban-rural commune of Czechowice-Dziedzice. Research limitations/implications: The results of surveys do not always coincide with the results of the multidimensional comparative analysis made using the synthetic measures method, so it is worth using various research methods to assess the attractiveness of the tourist and recreational space of a given region. Originality/value: Valorization carried out using the Gołembski synthetic metering method allowed to determine how the general conditions for the development of tourism are shaped in individual communes of the Bielsko County.
9
Content available The impact of raster file optimisation on the performance of a map application
Król Karol, Zdonek Dariusz
Geomatics, Landmanagement and Landscape
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2020
|
no. 1
53--61
EN
Interactive data visualisations are popular and come in different forms, from static raster files to dynamic and complex proposals. The usability of the applications can be increased through the improvement of their technical attributes such as a reduced number of external components or image file compression. The objective of the paper is to analyse the correlation between raster compression and the performance of a map application. The research involved an application created specifically for this purpose. Raster compression and performance were measured using selected online tools. Raster compression has been demonstrated to enhance map application performance, although not all performance indicators improved.
10
Content available The impact of code minification on map application performance
Król Karol, Zdonek Dariusz
Geomatics, Landmanagement and Landscape
|
2020
|
no. 2
41--49
EN
There are many techniques available today for publishing maps in web browsers. The material is often created using geographical information systems (GIS). The performance, most often understood as the speed of loading the application into a web browser, is the determinant of the viewing experience. The performance of a map application can be improved through such process as minification. The purpose of the study is to measure the impact of minification on the performance of the map component. Code minification was performed by selected web applications. The performance of two applications, GTmetrix and Dareboost, was tested. Two research questions have been posed: RQ1: How great a reduction in the size of component files of an application can be achieved with minification? and RQ2: How will the minification affect the performance of a web browser map application? The research has shown that the model applications were performing relatively poor, in particular, on mobile devices. The minification reduced the size of HTML, CSS, and JavaScript files by about 11%, which had a slight impact on application performance (in the employed research design). It has been demonstrated that minification was insufficient for improving significantly the performance of the tested applications. Additional compression of image files is recommended.
11
Content available Valorisation of a district area for tourism and recreation - a case study
Ziernicka-Wojtaszek Agnieszka, Król Karol, Zdonek Dariusz
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
|
2019
|
z. 137
275--285
EN
The aim of the work is to assess the tourist and recreational attractiveness of the Zator commune using synthetic indexation. An inventory of selected tourist assets, both natural and anthropogenic, as well as tourist development, was carried out. The Gołembski synthetic measure method was used to assess the conditions of tourism development. The results were presented in a descriptive form using GIS tools. The valorisation of the area of the selected administrative unit using the Gołembski method has allowed the identification of towns that stand out in terms of tourism and recreation in the examined commune.
12
Content available Polish agritourism farm website quality and the nature of services provided
Król Karol, Ziernicka-Wojtaszek Agnieszka, Zdonek Dariusz
Organizacja i Zarządzanie : kwartalnik naukowy
|
2019
|
nr 3
73--93
EN
The presented study is aimed at solving the following problems: what product is offered by agritourism farms, what is the typology of agritourism farms in terms of the products offered, and do the specific attributes of a website correspond to the specific attributes of provided services? The present study was conducted for a set of agritourism farm websites. From a total of 574 websites subjected to inspection testing, 287 websites were hosted on a paid server with a ccTLD domain, and 287 websites were hosted on a free server with an assigned free domain. Each website was described using 35 diagnostic variables. The achieved score was subsequently normalised using the zero unitarisation method. Based on the observations made in the present study, it can be concluded that the website development technique translates into the nature of activities conducted by a farm, as the form of the offer presentation online translates into what a tourist can expect directly on the farm. The study revealed that underdeveloped, amateurish websites are used to promote traditionally understood family agricultural farms which offer an opportunity to work on the farm. This knowledge is of importance for tourists worldwide, as tourists should not be afraid of the amateurish websites of agritourism farms, as they advertise genuine rural agricultural farms offering accommodation. Based on the results, a new typology of agritourism farms demonstrated that specialised farms with modern websites typically offer more extensive tourism opportunities and have more available beds at their disposal.
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