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EN
The study involved laminated nylon and viscose nonwovens, both perforated and non-perforated, with a view to using them for packaging of powders in mineral warmers. The nonwovens were examined in terms of morphology as well as tensile strength in dry and wet states. Thermal properties were determined by differential scanning calorimetry. Dynamic mechanical analysis was carried out in a broad range of temperatures. Surface wettability and water vapor permeability were assessed. The findings were analyzed to determine the utility of the studied materials as mineral warmer packaging materials in cold work or living environments.
EN
The new development policy paradigm has significantly redefined its territorial dimension towards the perception of internal diversity of regions, multi-level management, creating integrated programs dedicated to the strategic intervention areas (National Strategy for Regional Development, p. 15). In this article I am analyzing the development policy in relation to the territories of two Polish counties – Janów Lubelski and Miechów. Although both areas are similar in statistical terms, they differ considerably in terms of development policy. This is due to the differences in the policy of regional authorities as well as local governments, especially the counties authorities. The differences are evident both when comparing the strategic documents of both counties as well as the statements of representatives of both units gathered during field research. Based on the analysis, it can be stated that the local authorities of some units are increasingly aware of their actions in the wider development context. But still, there are places where development policy is understood to mean the acquisition of external means.
3
Content available remote Architektura sepulkralna podziemia prezbiterium katedry w Łomży
PL
W latach 2005-2006 zrealizowane zostały archeologiczno-architektoniczne badania nekropolii zlokalizowanej w podziemiach prezbiterium katedry w Łomży. Artykuł ma przybliżyć przede wszystkim problematykę technologii budowy krypt i ich chronologii na podstawie danych zebranych przy użyciu metodologii badań architektury i innych metod niezbędnych do korelacji wniosków. Do analizy posłużyło 11 odkrytych krypt grobowych. Poruszono kwestię poszczególnych elementów konstrukcyjnych, zarówno komór, jak i korytarzy, oraz kwestie elementów uzupełniających w architekturze krypt, procesu technologicznego budowy łomżyńskich przykładów, a także stosowanych wówczas wątków ceglanych. Przybliżone zostały również przykłady wadliwych konstrukcji. Ostatnią problematyką poruszoną w ramach artykułu była kwestia stratygrafii i chronologii. Wyniki tych badań niosą ze sobą bogatą treść historyczną i mogą wnieść fundamentalne zmiany (w zakresie poznawczym) w wiedzę o sposobie budowania podziemnych krypt grobowych w wiekach średnich i późniejszych.
EN
In years 2005-2006 the architectural and archaeological excavations of necropolis localized in the vault of the Łomża Cathedral. The aim of the article is to introduce the issues of crypt building technology and their chronology based on the data collected by architecture research methodology and other methods vital to conclusion correlation. The analysis was based on 11 discovered sepulchre crypts. Other issues involve crypt construction, their composition, and functions of individual rooms, construction elements of crypts (both its chambers and hallways), problems concerning complementing elements in crypt architecture. The next part of the article presents a detailed description of the technological process behind the construction of crypts in Łomża with brick motifs, and examples of flawed constructions. The last topic of the article is the stratigraphy and chronology. The result of the research is a rich historical collection, which may totally change the perspective in terms of research purposes, and broaden the knowledge on the process of constructing crypt vaults in the Middle Ages and later periods.
PL
Przedmiotem analizy były parametry doju pięciu typów aparatów udojowych przy doju jednoczesnym i przemiennym. Wykorzystano wielokryterialną metodę oceny aparatów udojowych uwzględniającą czternaście parametrów ich pracy, pozwalającą na wyliczenie wskaźnika niefunkcjonalności użytkowej aparatu zgodnie z zaleceniami norm ISO i Międzynarodowej Federacji Mleczarskiej (IDF).
EN
The analysis concerned milking parameters of five types of milking apparatuses in the case of simultaneous milking and alternating milking. To evaluate the milking apparatuses a multicriterion method was used; it made it possible to determine 14 operating parameters of the apparatuses and to calculate the usable nonfunctionality index according to ISO and IDF standards.
EN
Preparation of scaffolds for tissue regeneration requires elucidation of chemical and physical processes induced by ionizing radiation during radiation sterilization of polymeric materials used for these purposes. Such treatment induces many unintended and desired reactions that lead either to degradation or cross-linking of macromolecules. It was found that in poly(ester urethane) the ester segments are responsible predominantly for radiation induced phenomena. Some radicals generated following irradiation were identified under cryogenic conditions. Upon exposure to sterilizing dose cross-linking was confirmed on the basis of rheological changes in melted polymers. The results obtained by EPR spectroscopy and DRS revealed a relatively high susceptibility of poly(ester urethanes) on oxidation.
PL
Segmentowe poliuretany do zastosowań biomedycznych na osnowie poli([epsilon]-kaprolaktano)diolu o różnym ciężarze cząsteczkowym poddano procesowi sterylizacji radiacyjnej zmienną dawką promieniowania. Zbadano wpływ zastosowanej dawki promieniowania na odporność cieplną, scharakteryzowaną za pomocą analizy termograwimetrycznej (TGA), oraz zmiany struktury i chropowatości powierzchni tych materiałów określone z zastosowaniem AFM.
EN
Segmented polyurethanes for medical applications based on poly([epsilon]-caprolactone)diol varying molecular weight were irradiated at different radiation dose. The influence of used dose on the thermal stability was studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Characterization of structure and surface roughness analysis were done using AFM images.
EN
This paper concerns the identification of neotectonics structures on the basis of topographic maps analysis. The investigation parameter is valley floor width (VFW), this being applied to the drainage basin of the BeCva river, Czech Republic. It is firstly necessary to determine the theoretic profile of the VFW downstream increment. For its construction the magnitudo was used (Shreve, 1966). Then, the differences between the real VFW and the theoretical VFW were calculated. The differences were classified according to the associated bedrock lithology. The sections where differences were widely divergent from the average are assumed to be have been affected by neotectonics.
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