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1

Atomistic Analysis Of Radiation-Induced Segregation In Ion-Irradiated Stainless Steel 316

Lee G.-G., Jin H.-H., Chang K., Lee B. H., Kwon J.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2015

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Vol. 60, iss. 2B

1179--1184

EN

Stainless steel (SS) is a well-known material for the internal parts of nuclear power plants. It is known that these alloys exhibit radiation-induced segregation (RIS) at point defect sinks at moderate temperature, while in service. The RIS behavior of SS can be a potential problem by increasing the susceptibility to irradiation-assisted stress corrosion cracking. In this work, the RIS behavior of solute atoms at sinks in SS 316 irradiated with Fe4+ ions were characterized by atom probe tomography (APT). There were torus-shaped defects along with a depletion of Cr and enrichment of Ni and Si. These clusters are believed to be dislocation loops resulting from irradiation. The segregation of solutes was also observed for various defect shapes. These observations are consistent with other APT results from the literature. The composition of the clusters was analyzed quantitatively almost at the atomic scale. Despite the limitations of the experiments, the APT analysis was well suited for discovering the structure of irradiation defects and performing a quantitative analysis of RIS in irradiated specimens.

2

The effect of silicon content on the pitting corrosion of duplex stainless steel weldment

Lee B.H., Lee H.J., Kang D.W., Lee H.W.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

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2014

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Vol. 67, nr 2

60--69

EN

In this study, the effect of Si content at a welded DSS on the pitting resistance was investigated. Design/methodology/approach: The δ-ferrite fraction increased due to addition of Si, and the amount of γ2 decreased. In the ferric chloride pitting test, the weight reduction range decreased due to an increase in the Si content. As to the location, pittings occurred intensively at the grain boundary or within the austenite grain due to the difference in PREN caused by the differential solid solubility in each phase. Findings: As a result of the potentiodynamic polarization test, while the Epit(Critical Pitting Potential) of all specimens depending on the temperature were observed to be similar at froom temperature up to 45°C, the reduction range of the Epit was found to be small at the temperature higher than 45°C as Si content increased. This was found to be because of formation of SiO2 in the passive film. Research limitations/implications: Higher the addition of Si, the more the number of pittings generated at the grain boundary decreased as the coherence of the passive film increased by the Si accumulated at the boundary. Originality/value: In this study, we intend to investigate the effect of Si element addition on the pitting resistance of the duplex stainless steel welding zone.

3

Performance analysis of doppler aided GPS/QZSS precise positioning for land vehicles

Lee B. H., Jee G. I.

Annual of Navigation

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2013

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No. 20

85--96

EN

For ITS (Intelligent Transport Systems), especially for land vehicles, precise position is the prime information. GNSS is the most popular navigation system. Generally, ITS demands lane distinguishable positioning accuracy. However urban area is most environments of land vehicles and the signal blocks of satellite with low elevation angle, multipath error and etc. make unreliable positioning results. Especially, lack of number of visible satellites (fewer than 4 satellites) cannot provide positioning results. QZSS (Quasi-Zenith Satellite System) which operated by Japan has high interoperability. In addition, its elevation angle is very high in long time in Korea. It means QZSS signal can be received in urban area and it can be great advantage for land vehicles. The most positioning errors are occurred by multipath, cycle slip, and etc. For example, multipath error is unexpected momentary error. In order to reduce position error, smoothing technique in position domain is needed. In this paper, precise positioning for land vehicles was evaluated. First, by using QZSS, probability of navigation solution was enhanced. Second, the reliability is improved by smoothing positioning result using Doppler measurement. The analysis was performed by trajectory analysis using precise map data.

PL

Dla inteligentnych systemów transportowych, zwłaszcza w odniesieniu do pojazdów lądowych, dokładna informacja o pozycji jest pierwszorzędna. Systemy satelitarne (GNSS) to obecnie najbardziej popularne systemy nawigacyjne. Zasadniczo inteligentne systemy transportowe wymagają znajomości pozycji determinowanej warunkami drogowymi, a obszary miejskie stanowią środowisko, w którym porusza się największa liczba pojazdów lądowych. Takie ograniczenia, jak przesłanianie niskich satelitów, błąd wielodrożności i tym podobne powodują, że pozycje wyznaczane metodami satelitarnymi stają się mało wiarygodne. Brak wyznaczeń może być spowodowany zwłaszcza brakiem dostatecznej liczby widocznych satelitów (mniej niż cztery). QZSS (Quasi-Zenitalny System Satelitarny), uruchomiony w Japonii, cechuje się w tym względzie niezwykle korzystnymi cechami. W dodatku jego wysokość topocentryczna przez długi czas jest bardzo duża dla obserwatora znajdującego się w Korei. Oznacza to, że sygnał tego systemu może być odbierany w obszarze miejskim, co stanowi bardzo korzystną cechę dla pojazdów lądowych. Większość błędów pozycji wynika w tym wypadku z błędu wielodrogowości, przeskoków fazy i tym podobnych. Na przykład, wielodrogowość obrazuje się jako chwilowe, niespodziewane odchylenie pozycji. Dla zmniejszenia tego rodzaju błędów niezbędna jest technika wygładzania pozycji. W artykule ocenie poddano dokładność pozycjonowania pojazdów lądowych. Po pierwsze poprzez zastosowanie QZSS poprawiono prawdopodobieństwo poprawnego rozwiązania, po drugie poprzez zastosowanie technik wygładzania z użyciem pomiarów dopplerowskich poprawiono wiarygodność wyznaczeń. Analizy wyników dokonano przez analizę trajektorii, odnosząc ją do dokładnych danych mapy.