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HPLC analysis in drug level monitoring of K027

Nurulain S. M., Kalász H., Szegi P., Kuca K., Adem A., Hasan M. Y. B., Hashemi F., Tekes K.

Acta Chromatographica

2013

Vol. 25, no. 4

703--710

HPLC monitoring of pharmacokinetics was done in two body compartments of rats following intramuscular treatments with three different doses of K027, a bispyridinium mono-aldoxime type of antidotes to organoposphate intoxicated subjects. Reversed-phase HPLC separation with electrochemical detections was done to monitor the onset, the maximum level, and offset in K027 concentration. Serum level of K027 showed a fast onset, independently from the doses of K027. Drug level in brain was showing an essentially delayed kinetics.

A study of the photoneutron dose equivalent resulting from a Saturne 20 medical linac using Monte Carlo method

Hashemi F., Hashemi-Malayeri B., Raisali G., Shokrani P., Sharafi A.

Nukleonika

2007

Vol. 52, nr 1

39-43

High energy linacs have several advantages including lower skin dose and higher dose rate at deep sighted tumors. But, at higher energies photonuclear reactions produce neutron contamination. Photoneutron contamination has been investigated from the early days of modern linacs. However, more studies have become possible using Monte Carlo codes developed in recent years. The aim of this study was to investigate the photoneutron spectrum and dose equivalent produced by an 18 MV Saturne linac at different points of a treatment room and its maze. The MCNP4C code was used to simulate the transport of photoneutrons produced by a typical 18 MV Saturne linac. The treatment room of a radiotherapy facility in which a Saturne 20 linac is installed was modeled. Neutron dose equivalent was calculated and its variations at various distances from the center of the X-ray beam was studied. It was noted that by increasing the distance from the center of the beam, fast neutrons decrease rapidly, but thermal neutrons do not change significantly. In addition, the photoneutron dose equivalent was lower for smaller fields. The fast photoneutrons were not recorded in the maze. It can be concluded that the fast photoneutrons are highly attenuated by concrete barrier, while the slow photoneutrons are increased. In addition, increasing the X-ray field size increases the photoneutron dose equivalent around the treatment room and maze. It seems that the walls play an effective role in increasing the photoneutron dose equivalent.

The State Dependency of the Effective Pair Potential Parameters

Keshavarzi E., Hashemi F., Ghazvini Z.

Polish Journal of Chemistry

2004

Vol. 78 / nr 10

1893-1906

The state dependency of the effective pair potential parameters [epsilon eff (T,ro ), sigma eff (T)] has been studied for gas, liquid and supercritical regions for different types of fluids.We have assumed that the configuration of potential energy between Nmolecules can be divided into independent pair clusters with an effective pair potential, in which the parameters of the potential are state dependent.We have obtained the values of epsilon eff (T, ro),and sigma eff (T) using p-V-T data. The results show, that epsilon eff (T, ro) increases with density for those thermodynamic states, at which pair interactions are dominant, while it decreases with density for those systems, where triplet and higher clusters are dominant. Both epsilon eff (T, ro) and sigma eff (T) decrease with temperature, which coincides with the literature data. Aremarkable result of the present work is the determination of density, at which triplet clusters come into account. We have also shown new corresponding states for the effective well depth parameter, which is held for all examined fluids, including Ar, Xe, CH4, N2, CO, H2O, CO2, CH3OH, C2H6 and C6H6 for different isotherms. Alinear dependence of epsilon eff (T, ro) versus density and temperature on the zeno-line is predicted.