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2 Archive of Mechanical Engineering

2 2024

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Influence of build orientation on porosity, strength and dimensional accuracy of laser sintered polyamide porous bone scaffolds

Gorana Falguni, Modi Yashwant Kumar

Archive of Mechanical Engineering

2024

LXXI, nr 2

227--249

Development of synthetic bone graft via bone tissue engineering involves seeding of patient’s stem cells onto a porous scaffold in presence of growth factors. Porosity, strength and dimensional accuracy of the porous scaffold play a vital role in this process. This work aims at ascertaining influence of build orientation on porosity, mechanical strength and dimensional accuracy of the selectively laser sintered polyamide porous scaffolds. Initially, CAD models of test specimens with pre-designed porosity were created in Solidworks® software. All the specimens were fabricated on EOSINT P395, a selective laser sintering machine, along various primary (Flat, Edge, Upright and Flat_diag) and secondary (0◦, 30◦, 45◦, 60◦ and 90◦) orientations. Results show that measured porosity of most of the specimens was (range: 42.89–35.26%) less than the designed porosity (41.71%). Maximum average tensile strength (16.84 MPa) was recorded for specimens printed along Flat_0◦ orientation. Specimens printed along Upright_90◦ orientation showed highest average compressive strength (8.26 MPa). Specimens printed along Flat orientation showed relatively better average impact strength. Best dimensional accuracy was obtained for specimens printed along Flat orientation.

Additively manufactured patient specific implants: A review

Singh Hari Narayan, Agrawal Sanat, Modi Yashwant Kumar

Archive of Mechanical Engineering

2024

LXXI, nr 1

109--138

Medical applications of additive manufacturing have seen a significant growth in recent years due to availability of advanced medical imaging and design software and wide range of materials. The range of additively manufactured medical implants is growing rapidly and surgeons need to keep themselves updated with state-of-the-art of the technology. This article reviews several articles related to medical implants to help surgeons and researchers to stay up-to-date on recent developments in the domain. Additively manufactured medical implants are reviewed in five categories: orthopedic implants, dental implants, cranioplasty implants, scaffold implants for tissue engineering and other medical implants including chest wall reconstructive implants, anti-migration enhanced tracheal stents, and buccopharyngeal stents. The additive manufacturing process and the material for fabrication of each type of implant are highlighted in the study. It has been observed that titanium alloy is a suitable material for cementless arthroplasty. Porosity in the implants supports bone ingrowth, which results in a significant reduction in stress shielding. Additive manufacturing has a very attractive future in medical implant fabrication due to its capability to produce complex and customized implants. The AM provides freedom to researcher to explore the complex design of medical implants for better bone regeneration and improved osseointegration.