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Towards reliable velocities of permanent GNSS stations

Bogusz J., Klos A., Gruszczynska M., Gruszczynski M.

Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics

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2016

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Vol. 100

17--26

EN

In the modern geodesy the role of the permanent station is growing constantly. The proper treatment of the time series from such station lead to the determination of the reliable velocities. In this paper we focused on some pre-analysis as well as analysis issues, which have to be performed upon the time series of the North, East and Up components and showed the best, in our opinion, methods of determination of periodicities (by means of Singular Spectrum Analysis) and spatio-temporal correlations (Principal Component Analysis), that still exist in the time series despite modelling. Finally, the velocities of the selected European permanent stations with the associated errors determined following power-law assumption in the stochastic part is presented.

2

Czochralski growth of SrLaAlO4 and SrLaGaO 4 single crystals and its implications for the crystal morphology

Pajaczkowska A., Gloubokov A., Klos A., Woensdregt C. F.

Zeszyty Historyczne Politechniki Warszawskiej

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2014

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z. 16

85--89

EN

Single crystals of SrLaAlO4 (SLA) and SrLaGaO4 (SLG) have been grown from nonstoichiometric melts by the Czochralski method making use of different seed orientations, [100] (SLA, SLG), [110] (SLA) and [001] (SLG). The anisotropic properties of the crystal structure are reflected in the growth morphology of the crystals. In the case of (SLA) {101} facets appear at the crystal/melt interface and in that of [100] SLG {101} and {103} facets occur, while for [001] SLG {001} and {103} facets are present. SLA crystals are very similar to the theoretical growth forms computed according to the Hartman-Perdok theory for models with an effective charge on oxygen, qO −2|e|. However the habit of SLG crystals corresponds better to the theoretical growth forms based on an effective charge qO = −1.5|e| due to the presence of oxygen vacancies.

3

Wavelet analysis for investigation of precise GNSS solutions’ credibility

Bogusz J., Klos A.

Artificial Satellites : Journal of Planetary Geodesy

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2010

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Vol. 45, No. 4

163--173

EN

This publication presents the results of searching short-term oscillations of the ASG network sites using wavelet transform. Polish Active Geodetic Network (ASG-EUPOS) is the multifunctional precise satellite positioning system established by the Head Office of Geodesy and Cartography in 2008. The adjusted network consisted of over 130 stations from Poland and neighbouring countries. The period covered observations gathered from June 2008 to July 2010. The method of processing elaborated in the CAG (Centre of Applied Geomatics, Warsaw Military University of Technology), which is one of the 17 EPN LAC (EUREF Permanent Network Local Analysis Centre) acting now in Europe, established at the end of 2009, is similar with the official one used in EPN. It is based on the Bernese 5.0 software, but the difference to the EPN’s solutions lies in the resolution of resulting coordinates. In the presented research the 1-hour sampling rate with 3-hour windowing (66% of correlation) is applied. This allows us to make the interpretations concerning short period information in GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) coordinates series. Analyses using FFT and least squares (tidal) gave very coherent results and confirmed several millimetres diurnal and sub-diurnal oscillations. Wavelet analysis is aimed at the investigation of credibility of the precise GNSS solutions in terms of changes of the amplitude of oscillations in time. As a result of this study the changes in the amplitude of oscillations at diurnal and sub-diurnal frequency bands were obtained. These could be caused by the artificial modulations of the near-by frequencies, but also some geophysical signals could be clearly distinguished. Additionally the comparison of Continuous Wavelet Transforms of near stations (three pairs from ASG-EUPOS network) was performed. This comparison showed different behaviour of oscillations of residual coordinates, mainly due to the different thermal response or artefacts related to the multipath effects or influences of the network geometry.

4

Numerical analysis of correlation between heat consumption and the steel loss for scale in the charge heating process

Kieloch M., Piechowicz Ł., Boryca J., Klos A.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2010

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Vol. 55, iss. 3

647-656

EN

The steel loss and heat consumption are basic parameters that are decisive to the costs of the heating process. Establishing the correlation between heat consumption and steel loss will make it possible to model the indices of heating furnace operation. The article presents a numerical model for the computation of charge heating, the steel loss for scale, and heat consumption. Based on computation results, mathematical functions have been developed, which describe the correlation between heat consumption and steel loss.

PL

Strata stali i zużycie ciepła to podstawowe parametry decydujące o kosztach procesu nagrzewania. Ustalenie korelacji pomiędzy zużyciem ciepła a stratą stali pozwoli na modelowanie wskaźników pracy cieplnej pieców grzewczych. W pracy zaprezentowano model numeryczny obliczeń nagrzewania wsadu, straty stali na zgorzelinę i zużycie ciepła. Na podstawie wyników obliczeń opracowano funkcje matematyczne opisujące korelacje pomiędzy zużyciem ciepła a stratą stali.

5

Wpływ wydajności pieca na rozkład temperatur w jego komorze grzewczej

Kieloch M., Klos A., Warwas E.

Hutnik, Wiadomości Hutnicze

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2009

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Vol. 76, nr 9

701-705

PL

Na podstawie wyników własnych opracowań oraz wyników obliczeń numerycznych ustalono, że zużycie ciepła w przemysłowych piecach grzewczych znacznie rośnie wraz z obniżeniem wydajności pieca. Możliwe jest zmniejszenie lub wyeliminowanie skutków tego wzrostu poprzez zmianę technologii nagrzewania lub wykorzystanie do sterowania pracą pieca temperatury powierzchni wsadu.

EN

On the basis own results of studies and results of numerical calculation it has been established, that the heating consumption in industrial heating furnace considerably grows with lowering of the efficiency of furnace. The decrease or elimination of results of this growth possible by means change of heating technology or use the temperature of charge surface to steering of the furnace work is possible.

6

Badania wpływu szybkości podgrzewania wsadu stalowego na emisję CO2

Kieloch M., Klos A., Warwas E., Boryca J.

Hutnik, Wiadomości Hutnicze

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2009

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Vol. 76, nr 5

324-329

PL

Na koszty procesu nagrzewania stali oprócz zużycia ciepła i straty stali wpływa również emisja CO2 do atmosfery. W artykule, na podstawie wyników modelowania numerycznego, określono wpływ szybkości podgrzewania (wydajności pieca) na emisję CO2 i związany z nią wzrost kosztów nagrzewania.

EN

On the cost heating steel charge process except heating consumption and loss of steel also influence CO2 emission to atmosphere. In article, on basis of results modeling numerical, define the influence of speed heating (efficiency of furnaces) on CO2 emission and connected with it growth of cost heating.

7

Pomiar temperatury powierzchni wsadu w piecach grzewczych z wykorzystaniem fotopirometrii cyfrowej

Kieloch M., Klos A., Piechowicz Ł.

Hutnik, Wiadomości Hutnicze

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2008

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Vol. 75, nr 11

642-645

PL

Temperatura jest podstawowym parametrem procesów technologicznych, w których występuje wymiana ciepła między materiałem a otoczeniem. Dokładna znajomość wartości temperatury na powierzchni metalu, na wszystkich etapach procesu, pozwala na jego prawidłową realizację oraz ocenę energetyczną. W artykule dokonano porównania wyników pomiaru temperatury uzyskanych przy zastosowaniu termowizji i mogącej stanowić dla niej alternatywę – fotopirometrii cyfrowej.

EN

Temperature is a basic parameter of engineering processes where heat exchange between the material and its environment occurs. Accurate knowledge of the value of metal surface temperature in all process stages enables the process to be carried out correctly and energy assessment to be performed. The paper presents comparison of measurement results of the temperature obtained by thermovision and by its potential alternative – digital photopyrometry.