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A multicriteria approach to different land use scenarios in the Western Carpathians with the SWAT model

Kowalczyk Agnieszka W., Grabowska-Polanowska Beata, Garbowski Tomasz, Kopacz Marek, Lach Stanisław, Mazur Robert

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2023

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no. 57

130--139

EN

Water erosion in mountainous areas is a major problem, especially on steep slopes exposed to intense precipitation. This paper presents the analysis of the topsoil loss using the SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model. The SWAT model is a deterministic catchment model with a daily time step. It was designed to anticipate changes taking place in the catchment area, such as climate change and changes in land use and development, including the quantity and quality of water resources, soil erosion and agricultural production. In addition to hydrological and environmental aspects, the SWAT model is used to address socio-economic and demographic issues, such as water supply and food production. This program is integrated with QGIS software. The results were evaluated using the following statistical coefficients: determination (R2), Nash-Sutcliff model efficiency (NS), and percentage deviation index (PBIAS). An assessment of modelling results was made in terms of their variation according to different land cover scenarios. In the case of the scenario with no change in use, the average annual loss of topsoil (average upland sediment yield) was found to be 14.3 Mg∙ha-1. The maximum upland sediment yield was 94.6 Mg∙ha-1. On the other hand, there is an accumulation of soil material in the lower part of the catchment (in-stream sediment change), on average 13.27 Mg∙ha-1 per year.

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Detection of outlier observations in piezometric measurements: a case study in the Southern Region of Poland

Lach Stanisław

Geomatics and Environmental Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 16, no. 1

95--116

EN

One of the main modes of monitoring the geotechnical conditions of earth dams is piezometric measurement, which measures water levels in an open piezometer or water pressure in a closed piezometer. During piezometric measurements, various types of factors can cause disturbances in these measurements that take the form of systematic, accidental, or obvious mistakes. Before measurements from open or closed piezometers are analyzed, outliers due to coarse errors should be detected and rejected. Such observations may significantly influence the result of the analysis and cause erroneous assessment and interpretation of the phenomenon studied. To do this, statistical tests must be applied so that the doubtful measurement can be accepted or rejected at the assumed significance level. This paper uses five statistical tests for identifying and rejecting outliers: the Q-Dixon test, the Grubbs test, as well as the Hampel test, the Iglewicz and Hoaglin test, and the Rosner test. The aim of this article is to try to identify the most suitable test for periodic piezometric measurements. The scope of the study includes the analysis of piezometric measurements for the Czaniec Dam for the multi-year period 2017–2020.

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Analiza dynamiki zmian po ziomu wody w piezometrach zapory Dobczyce w latach 2017–2019

Lach Stanisław

Zeszyty Energetyczne

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2020

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T. 7

163--173

PL

W celu prawidłowej pracy i bezpieczeństwa eksploatacji budowli piętrzących dokonuje się stałego monitoringu, którego celem jest rejestracja oraz prognozowanie zmian, jakie zachodzą w podłożu i konstrukcji budowli, a także ocena ich stanu technicznego. Monitoring jest to najczęściej ciągły i długoterminowy zorganizowany sposób obserwacji obiektu lub procesu. Monitorowanie obiektu określa więc systematyczne obserwacje, pomiary i badania, służące do oceny jego stanu technicznego oraz bezpieczeństwa. Celem pracy było przedstawienie oraz przeanalizowanie dynamiki zmian stanu wód w pomiarach piezometrycznych, uzyskanych dla zapory Dobczyce w latach 2017–2019. Przed przystąpieniem do analizy danych piezometrycznych wykorzystano test statystyczny Grubbsa, dzięki któremu możliwe było zidentyfikowanie oraz odrzucenie obserwacji odstających. Pomiary wykonywane były prawie zawsze 2 razy w miesiącu, co w okresie objętym analizą dało 71 wyników pomiarowych dla pojedynczego piezometru.