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Mineral composition and aeolian evolution of dune deposits in Merzouga-Tafilalet, south-eastern Marocco

Harchane Smail, Azzouzi Nassareddine, El Hammichi Fatima, Tabyaoui Hassan, El Hammouch Naoual, Lahrach Abderrahim

Studia Quaternaria

2025

Vol. 42, Nr 1

27--40

Morocco, like many countries in arid zones, is faced with desertification, particularly in the south and southeast. Shifting dune sand is a key indicator of this phenomenon. The study of aeolian dynamics in the Merzouga-Tafilalet region aims to understand desertification processes, from rock erosion to sediment transport and deposition. A mineralogical and granulometric analysis of dune sand was carried out to determine their composition and origin. The study was based on petrographic examination and identification of the transport mechanisms involved. The sandy deposits are predominantly composed of quartz, with the presence of oxides, heavy minerals, feldspars, micas and calcite. These elements originate from the crystalline formations of the Anti-Atlas and are transported by aeolian and hydrological processes. Analysis of the quartz grains reveals different morphologies, reflecting the history of their transport and deposition. Aeolian dynamics have led to the formation of distinct granulometric fractions, each corresponding to a specific aeolian period. The mixing of these fractions results from the alternation of strong and weak wind regimes, as well as stabilization phases linked to wind degeneration. This study provides a better understanding of the evolution of dune sand in the face of environmental change.

Integration of regional and global Quaternary data: a comprehensive review to enhance understanding and strategic planning of environmental futures, case of Morocco

Mourjane Mohammed, Tabyaoui Hassan, Hammichi Fatima, Azzouzi Nassareddine

Studia Quaternaria

2024

Vol. 41, Nr 2

55--67

The Quaternary, a period spanning the last 2.58 million years, is crucial for understanding the climatic and environmental dynamics that have shaped the modem planet. This article explores how data specific to Morocco fit into the global context of Quaternary studies, drawing parallels between local and global information to reveal significant trends and features. By examining paleoclimatic, geomorphological, archaeological and palaeobotanical data, the analysis highlights similarities and differences between local and global observations. The results show that Moroccan data, although reflecting global trends, present specificities that enrich the understanding of climatic and environmental processes at the regional level. This integration not only makes it possible to complete global models but also to identify the local impacts of climate change, thus offering a more nuanced view of Quaternary dynamics and the challenges posed by current climate change.