The purpose of the present study is to simulate and analyze an isolated full-bridge DC/DC boost converter, for photovoltaic panels, running a modified perturb and observe maximum power point tracking method. The zero voltage switching technique was used in order to minimize the losses of the converter for a wide range of solar operation. The efficiency of the power transfer is higher than 90% for large solar operating points. The panel enhancement due to the maximum power point tracking algorithm is 5.06%.
The purpose of this paper is to use the hybridized optimization method in order to find mathematical structures for analysis of experimental data. The heuristic optimization method will be hybridized with deterministic optimization method in order to that structures found require not knowledge about data generated experimentally. Five case studies are proposed and discussed to validate the results. The proposed method has viable solution for the analysis of experimental data and extrapolation, with mathematical expression reduced.
This paper proposes a methodology based on system connections to calculate its complexity. Two study cases are proposed: the dining Chinese philosophers’ problem and the distribution center. Both studies are modeled using the theory of Discrete Event Systems and simulations in different contexts were performed in order to measure their complexities. The obtained results present i) the static complexity as a limiting factor for the dynamic complexity, ii) the lowest cost in terms of complexity for each unit of measure of the system performance and iii) the output sensitivity to the input parameters. The associated complexity and performance measures aggregate knowledge about the system.
The purpose of the present study is to evaluate gains through measurement and verification methodology adapted from the International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocol, from case studies involving Energy Efficiency Projects in the Goias State, Brazil. This paper also presents the stochastic modelling for the generation of future scenarios of electricity saving resulted by these Energy Efficiency Projects. The model is developed by using the Geometric Brownian Motion Stochastic Process with Mean Reversion associated with the Monte Carlo simulation technique. Results show that the electricity saved from the replacement of electric showers by solar water heating systems in homes of low-income families has great potential to bring financial benefits to such families, and that the reduction in peak demand obtained from this Energy Efficiency Action is advantageous to the Brazilian electrical system. Results contemplate also the future scenarios of electricity saving and a sensitivity analysis in order to verify how values of some parameters influence on the results, once there is no historical data available for obtaining these values.
This paper presents the development of a cooling apparatus using water in a commercial photovoltaic panel in order to analyze the increased efficiency through decreased operating temperature. The system enables the application of reuse water flow, at ambient temperature, on the front surface of PV panel and is composed of an inclined plane support, a perforated aluminum profile and a water gutter. A luminaire was specially developed to simulate the solar radiation over the module under test in a closed room, free from the influence of external climatic conditions, to carry out the repetition of the experiment in controlled situations. The first case study was published at EEEIC2016 conference where the panel was submitted to different rates of water flow, from 1 L/min to 4 L/min. In the test conditions without cooling apparatus, the panel reached about 70°C and produced approximately 63Wh. With the cooling apparatus with water flow rate of 2 L/min, the module reached about 50°C and produced approximately 77Wh. However, it has been observed that this water flow was overestimated. A second case study was carried out in order to perform the threshold between the flow and the energy produced. The best ratio was flow of 0.6 L/min and net energy of 77.41Wh. Gain of 22.69% compared to the panel without the cooling system. The best water flow rate was of 0.6 L/min and net energy of 77.41Wh. Gain of 22.69% compared to the panel without the cooling system.
This paper presents study about Dynamic Matrix Control (DMC) controller applied to speed control of DC motor. DMC controller parameters (prediction horizon, control horizon and damping rate of reference) are obtained through optimization methods employing heuristic, deterministic and hybrid strategies. The use of advanced control technique combined with using of optimization methods aims to achieve highly efficient control, reducing the transient state period and variations in steady state. These methods were applied on a simulation model in order to verify which one provides better control results.
This paper presents the study of the relationship between electrical properties and physical characteristics of the soil. Measures of apparent electrical resistivity of the soil were made for different types of soil, varying moisture content gradually while maintaining a constant compaction, and then varying the compaction and relating it to a constant humidity. Development of a correlation surface is proposed in order to identify granulometry of the soil from moisture and compaction measurements. For the study of spatial variability, two areas were chosen to allow the change of moisture content and compaction in order to verify the measurement capacity of apparent electrical resistivity of the soil as methodology to identify change in soil dynamics. Results obtained show correlations among apparent electrical resistivity of the soil, moisture, soil compaction and clay content.
The purpose of this work is to calculate Surge and Swab pressures in eccentric wells. Analysis of the phenomenon, in which fluid is confined between two eccentric cylinders, are made. Conformal mapping calculations is used to lead the original eccentric domain into equivalent concentric domain, since usual models only make calculation for concentric geometries. The results of this study, using the proposed methodology, are presented and discussed.
This article introduces the switched reluctance machine operating as a generator. This kind of electrical machine delivers CC power at the output and the energy generated can be controlled through several variables. In this work, the switching angles of the machine's power converter are optimized using deterministic and heuristic techniques so that the output power is kept constant via PI controller while guaranteeing maximum value for machine performance, even for different excitation values and mechanical power on the shaft.
The objective of this work is to investigate the influence of slotted air gap constructive parameters on magnetic flux density of rotating machines. For this purpose, different approaches were used to solve the air gap field diagram using finite element method and the magnetic field distribution uniformity was evaluated by Carter's factor calculation on two-dimensional and three-dimensional models. Sensitivity analysis of slot constructive parameters was performed and results show that slot geometry modifies the magnetic flux on air gap and shifts the air gap magnetic equipotential midline of double slotted machines. Finally, minimization of Carter’s factor on two-dimensional model presents an optimized slot geometry with a near uniform magnetic flux density distribution.
This paper deals with the computation of ground resistance, surface voltage, touch voltage and step voltage, to mesh with horizontal wires arranged in different angles. The computer program implemented used in the mathematical modeling is based on the method proposed by Heppe, which allows obtaining the grounding parameters for homogeneous soil and soil stratified in two layers. The results obtained with the proposed method will be compared with other methods in literature. Also will be presented the results of a grounding grid using wires at various angles.
This work study the influence of concrete, plaster, clay and others buried structures in grounding systems. Comparison of soil characteristics between dry and rainy seasons on different grounding systems. The study includes comparison of six different grounding system on dry season and wet season. Simulations in finite element method was performed for tree layer stratified soil and the electrostatic equipotential surfaces were mapped into the region of interest.
The purpose of this paper is to compare mathematical modeling and practical bench in order to validate the electrical interactions between an induction generator and a synchronous generator. Two generators was connected to a common bus in steady state, subject to non-linear load. The results comparing modeling and bench tests show that the induction generator besides the active power increasing, has a better way for harmonic currents flowing in common bus. It was concluded that the induction generator repowering and attenuates current harmonic components present at the connection point, improving the network voltage profile.
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