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Enhancing Energy Production and Pollutants Removal in Landfill Leachate Using Anode-Modified Sediment Microbial Fuel Cells

Emalya Nikita, Tarmizi Tarmizi, Suhendrayatna Suhendrayatna, Munawar Edi, Yunardi Yunardi, Fathanah Umi

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2024

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Vol. 25, iss. 3

28--37

EN

The utilization of sediment microbial fuel cell (SMFC) technology presents a paradigm-shifting method for converting the chemical energy obtained from organic and inorganic compounds found in sediment and wastewater substrates into electrical energy. This concept exhibits potential as an environmentally sustainable solution within the future energy sector and presents opportunities for wastewater remediation. This study aims to investigate the influence of anode modification in the SMFC system on generating electrical energy and removing pollutants in landfill leachate. The modification entails synthesizing a nanostructured copper layer on stainless steel (Cu-SS), subsequently compared to the conventional copper (Cu) anode. Results underscore the effectiveness of anode modification, as SMFCs featuring modified anodes exhibit twice the electrical output compared to unmodified counterparts. Modified anode SMFCs yield voltage and current density readings of 615 mV and 17 mA/m2, respectively. In addition to electricity generation, the study delves into the SMFC’s efficacy in nitrogen compound removal. Experimental results unveil the impressive capability of modified anode SMFCs, achieving 81.02% removal of Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), while unmodified counterparts reach 76.64%. Furthermore, the removal percentages for ammonia, nitrate, and nitrite compounds within SMFCs equipped with modified anodes are 88%, 51%, and 13%, respectively. This comprehensive analysis underscores the multifaceted benefits of anode modification, amplifying electrical output and enhancing the SMFC’s proficiency in nitrogen compound removal, thereby contributing to its potential applications in developing sustainable wastewater treatment and energy generation systems.

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Waste Management Optimization in Banda Aceh: Towards a Zero-Waste City

Nizar Muhammad, Munir Erman, Munawar Edi, Irvan

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2021

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Vol. 22, iss. 5

18--27

EN

Nowadays, many developed cities in Indonesia such as Banda Aceh intend to change their existing waste management systems to be more efficient and sustainable to achieve what can be called zero-waste practice. Recycling rates of up to 100% and recovery of all resources from waste materials are some of the elements embedded in the zero-waste city concept. However, to change from the cities that generate too much waste to the cities that are garbage-free is a tough challenge. Therefore, this research aimed to find out the opportunities, threats, and challenges in order to optimise and transform conventional waste management into zero waste principles. This research used in-depth interviews with waste experts, literature studies on waste management in other cities in Indonesia and other countries as well as examined government policies. The result of this research shows the challenges of turning a city into a zero waste one, such as how to design a product that generates less waste, what kind of zero waste city looks like, how to conduct the recycling process and what the responsibility of producers are, and how to optimize the rate of materials and waste recovery. However, its implementation should be affordable, practical, and effective within the framework of regional regulations.

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Analysis of the Composition of Household Waste from the Community within the Framework of a Waste Prevention and Reduction Strategy

Nizar Muhammad, Munir Erman, Munawar Edi, Irvan

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2021

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Vol. 22, iss. 3

91--103

EN

Waste management requires reliable waste generation. The generation of waste and the amount of waste estimated based on facts are the factors that can influence it. The ways to reduce the environmental impacts on waste management include planned prevention by processing methods based on the waste features that are processed at designated locations. Factors such as behaviour, culture, energy sources, economic development and climate have impact on the composition of waste. The composition has a great effect on the need for collecting a lot of waste or less from the collection and disposition of waste. The purpose of this study was to analyse and find the main obstacles regarding the composition of waste under warm climate conditions. The results of this study allow the main contents of planned waste management to be established. This also includes advising all residents about how to minimise waste, a recycling scheme that is expanded on the roadside and relationships with stakeholders.