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EN
The education course - during preparation - as toolbox to meet up-to date, unambiguous and complete technical requirements for the geometry of a product (for specification, verification and technology testing) is shawn. Justification for the assumption of undertaken GPS&V task within the framework of the international project EU-Erasmus+ is presented. There are concise discussed the innovative solutions adopted for the drawing indication of geometrical dimensioning and tolerancing in selected new published standards by ISO/TC 213.
EN
The article presents the results of the dendrogeomorphological study of the activity of the Sawicki landslide, located in the Beskid Niski Mts (Polish Flysch Carpathians). The study was conducted within two study sites in the lower part of the landslide. The landslide movements were dated using the dendrogeomorphological method, basing on the eccentricity indicators calculated for the two coniferous species, i.e. Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and silver fir (Abies alba). It was found landslide activity in years: 1899, 1901, 1905, 1910, 1913–1914, 1920–1921, 1929–1931, 1935, 1937, 1945, 1977, 1979, 1981, 1984–1985, 1990, 1992–1993, 1997, 2003–2004, 2006, 2010–2012. The greatest activity was characterized for the northern part of the study site B and the south-western slopes of the Szklarki stream valley (study site A). Studies have shown only a partial dependence between precipitation and landslide episodes. The data were confronted with the results of dendrogeomorphological studies, conducted in the northern and central parts of the landslide. The results demonstrate the significant complexity of mass movements within large-area landslide.
EN
The paper outlines changes in the channel morphology of the Ropa riverbed over the last six years, taking into account the role of large floods and the Klimkówka water reservoir in shaping the morphology of the riverbed. The analysis was based on annual geodetic measurements of the Ropa riverbed conducted between 2009–2014. The research was carried out in four cross profiles of the riverbed located upstream (1 profile) and downstream (3 profiles) of the reservoir. In order to recognise the direction and scale of morphology changes of the riverbed, additional analyses of water levels in the Ropa River was performed in the analysed multiannual period. The conducted analysis led to the conclusion that floods with extremely large discharges are the key factor causing the deepening of the riverbed downstream from the reservoir. It can be up to about 70 cm deep during a single event. The reservoir is just one additional factor of many which shape the direction and scale of changes to the riverbed. A significant role in modifying the riverbed morphology upstream from the reservoir is played by river control works, which diminish the effects of sediment accumulation occurring on this section.
EN
In this paper the dynamic analysis of planar slider-crank mechanism is studied. The machining tolerance of links is taken into account. The influence of different cross-section area within the assumed tolerance on the dynamic behavior of mechanism’s connection rod is investigated. For vibration analysis of links the finite element method is used with Bernoulli-Euler beam elements. The calculation were conducted for nominal dimensions of the cross section of the crank and for the two cases for connecting rod: 1) for the maximal stiffness and 2) for the minimal stiffness obtained within the given tolerance. The results of analysis show that the changes in dynamic response for different cross-sectional area of mechanism links, within the assumed tolerance of machining, can be quite significant and should be considered in design of high-speed precise mechanisms and manipulators.
PL
W pracy przedstawiono analizę dynamiczną mechanizmu korbowo-wodzikowego dla dwóch różnych przypadków dokładności wykonania członów. Przeprowadzono dyskusję położenia możliwych pól tolerancji wymiarów zarówno w przekroju poprzecznym członów jak i na kierunku osiowym (wzdłużnym). Do opisu ruchu mechanizmu wykorzystano metodę elementów skończonych z zastosowaniem płaskich elementów belkowych Eulera. Obliczenia przeprowadzono dla dwóch przypadków wykonania członów: 1) o największej sztywności, oraz 2) o najmniejszej sztywności (dla założonej dokładności wykonania członów). Wyniki analizy wykazały, że w granicach przyjętego pola tolerancji odpowiedź dynamiczna wykazuje duże różnice i nie może być pominięta w przypadku analizy mechanizmów szybkoobrotowych wykonanych z materiałów lekkich.
5
Content available remote Positioning of Manipulator's Tip with Regard to Accuracy of Link Machining
EN
In this paper the kinematic and dynamic analysis of planar two-link flexible manipulator is studied with the machining tolerance of links taken into account. The influence of different cross-section area within the assumed tolerance on the dynamic behaviour of manipulator's tip is investigated. For vibration analysis of links the finite element method is used with Bernoulli-Euler beam elements. The results of analysis show that the changes in the cross-sectional shape of manipulator's links, within the assumed tolerance of machining, can be quite significant and can influence the positioning accuracy of themanipulator. In order to obtain the exact trajectory of manipulator's tip the adaptive control system should be applied.
EN
The implementation of vectorial dimensioning and tolerancing (VDT) for dimensioning and tolerancing of ball screw with focus on balls screw nut and recirculation inserts is discussed. The VDT concept is based on substitution of real workpiece surfaces by imaginary geometrical ideal features. Location vector, orientation unit vector, tolerances of their components and tolerated substitute size define the substitute element. The VDT approach changes significantly rules of geometrical tolerancing based on ISO 1101 and provides firm foundations for workpiece dimensional and geometrical accuracy. The classical dimensioning and tolerancing of the nut and ball recirculation elements is briefly given. Next generation of drawing with table according to the VDT rules and proposed principles of transformation are discussed. The VDT eliminates unclear cases of dimensioning and tolerancing and univocally defines geometry of the mating nut and ball recirculation element. It should be stressed that elimination of some unclear cases of classical dimensioning tightens manufacturing requirements. Correct VDT substantially facilitates verification of geometrical nut requirements with the coordinate measuring technique.
PL
Prowadzono badania dystrybutora gazu typu DSP (Dwa Strumienie Prostopadłe) w reaktorze skali półtechnicznej dla układu czynników: powietrze - woda sieciowa. Objętość reaktora podzielono na dwa obszary: górny i dolny, różniące się znacznie warunkami przepływu faz. Sporządzono zależności średnicy Sautera oraz stopnia zatrzymania gazu od natężeń przepływu czynników. Wszystkie wielkości określono osobno dla każdego z dwu obszarów reaktora.
EN
An investigation of the TPJ (Two Perpendicular Jets) type gas disperser has been carried out in me pilot scale reactor with the air-tap water system. The volume of the reactor has been devided into two regions: an upper, and a Iower one, which differ drastically as to the flow conditions of the phases. A dependence of the Sauter mean diameter of the bubbles, and the gas holdup have been worked out on the flow rates of the phases. All the quantities were determined separately in each of the two regions of reactor.
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