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Characterization of Dinophysis acuminata from the Yellow Sea, China, and its response to different temperatures and Mesodinium prey

Gao H., An X., Liu L., Zhang K., Zheng D., Tong M.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2017

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Vol. 46, No. 4

439--450

EN

Dinophysis species are distributed worldwide and cause diarrheic shellfish poisoning (DSP). This paper documents the first successful culture of a Dinophysis (DAYS01) strain taken off Xiaoping Island, the Yellow Sea, China. The strain was identified as Dinophysis acuminata Claparède & Lachmann by morphological and phylogenetic analysis. The effects of temperature and different Mesodinium prey on the physiological and toxigenic characteristics of D. acuminata DAYS01 were also investigated. The results showed that the toxin concentration (toxin amount per ml of culture) increased with an increase in cell densities. Okadaic acid (OA), dinophysistoxin 1 (DTX1) and pectenotoxin 2 (PTX2) were the major toxin components of DAYS01, with the highest recorded toxin content of 5.66, 0.56 and 192.87 ng ml-1 culture medium, respectively. The prey type significantly influenced the growth yield in Dinophysis cultures. There was an effect of prey on the total toxin content, suggesting that the origin or strain of ciliate directly impacted the D. acuminata blooms and the overall toxin concentration in the system.

2

Influences of Al, Mg, and K on Calculating Concentrations of Other Formation Elements and Their Corrections in Geochemical Logging

Wu W., Tong M., Niu W., Luo L.

Acta Geophysica

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2015

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Vol. 63, no. 2

451--467

EN

In geochemical logging, the standard capture gamma-ray spectra of Al, Mg, and K have no distinct characteristic energy peaks. This feature easily influences the spectral bands of characteristic peaks of other elements and thus affects the accuracy of calculating their concentrations. To study this influence, we constructed a model formation containing Al, Mg, and K, and employed the Monte Carlo N Particle Transport Code (MCNP) program to simulate their capture spectra. The results indicate that the calculated dry weights of Si are almost free from the influences of Mg, K, and Al. The ones of Ca and Fe are influenced, but only to a minor extent. The dry weight of S is concurrently influenced. Specifically, the K concentration causes S concentration to deviate significantly from its real concentration. By correcting for such influences, we can obtain relatively accurate values. Data processing for a real well validates the finding that Mg, Al, and K in the formation influence the precision of calculation of other elements and also testifies to the effectiveness of the correction method.

3

Generalizing Dempster's combination rule to fuzzy sets

Xiao J., Tong M., Song W.

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2013

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R. 89, nr 1b

45--47

EN

The fuzzy and imprecise information always exist in real systems. Several attempts have been made to generalize the Dempster-Shafer (D-S) evidence theory to deal with fuzzy sets. In order to combine bodies of evidence that may contain vague information, Dempster's combination rule was extended to fuzzy sets in the evidential reasoning. In this paper, a new definition of the weight between two fuzzy sets is described, and the improved extension combination rule of the evidence theory on fuzzy sets is put forward. Compared with other generalization of Dempster’s combination rules, the results of the numerical experiments show that the new combination rule in this paper can acquire more changing information to the change of fuzzy focal elements more effectively.

PL

W rzeczywistych systemach zwykle występuje informacja rozmyta i nieprecyzyjna. Istnieje szereg prób uogólnienia teorii Dempster’aShafer’a w zastosowaniu do zbiorów rozmytych. W wywodzie dowodowym, w celu dołączenia fragmentu danych, które mogą zawierać informację nieprecyzyjną, rozciągnięto regułę kombinacji Dempster’a na zbiory rozmyte. W opracowaniu opisano nową definicję wagi między dwoma zbiorami rozmytymi oraz przedstawiono udoskonalone rozszerzenie kombinacyjnej reguły badanej teorii na zbiory rozmyte. W porównaniu z innymi uogólnieniami reguł kombinacji Dempster’a, wyniki eksperymentalne pokazują, że nowa, przedstawiona w opracowaniu, reguła kombinacji może bardziej skutecznie uzyskać więcej zmieniających się informacji przy zmianie centralnych elementów zbioru.