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Analiza warunków rekreacji w zbiorniku Tresna na podstawie oceny stanu żyzności wody zbiornikowej

Jachniak Ewa

Instal

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2023

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nr 12

134--139

PL

Celem badań była analiza warunków rekreacji w wodach zbiornika Tresna na podstawie oceny stopnia żyzności i jej zmian w wodach zbiornikowych. Ze względu na wodociągową rolę ostatniego zbiornika kaskady rzeki Soły (zbiornik Czaniec), wyżej położone zbiorniki w kaskadzie (Tresna i Porąbka) powinny mieć dobrą jakość wody. Rekreacyjne wykorzystanie zbiornika Tresna również obliguje do jego ochrony. Stan troficzny wód zbiornikowych oszacowano na podstawie stężeń chlorofilu a oraz wielkości biomasy i składu taksonomicznego glonów planktonowych. Badania prowadzono w 2021 r. w sezonie wegetacyjnym w trzech punktach badawczych (rejonie Zarzecza, rejonie wpływu rzeki Łękawki oraz rejonie zapory). Stężenia chlorofilu a oraz biomasy były większe w rejonie Zarzecza oraz zapory i latem przekraczały wartości graniczne dla eutrofii, najniższe z kolei w rejonie dopływu rzeki Łękawki do zbiornika (w większości okresu badawczego utrzymywały się one w granicach oligotrofii i mezotrofii). Okresowy wzrost żyzności wody do poziomu eutrofii wskazuje, że wody zbiornikowe powinny być kontrolowane, zwłaszcza latem, ze względu na bezpieczeństwo sanitarne osób wypoczywających.

EN

The aim of this research was to analysis of the recreation conditions in the Tresna reservoir water based on the assessment of the degree of fertility and its changes in the reservoir water. Due to the water supply role of the last reservoir in the cascade of the Soła River (the Czaniec Reservoir), the reservoirs situated higher in the cascade (Tresna and Porąbka) should have good water quality. Recreational use of the Tresna Reservoir also obliges to protect it. The trophic state of reservoir water was estimated on the basis of chlorophyll a concentrations and planktonic algae biomass and their taxonomic composition. The research was conducted in 2021 during the growing season at three research points (in the area of Zarzecze, the area of influence of the Łękawka River and the area of the dam). Concentrations of chlorophyll a and phytoplankton biomass were higher in the Zarzecze area and the dam area, and in summer period (mainly in August) they exceeded the limit values for eutrophy. In turn, the lowest values were observed in the area of the Łękawka River tributary to the reservoir. In most of the research period, they remained within the oligotrophy and mesotrophy limits. Periodic increase of water fertility to the eutrophy level indicates that the reservoir water should be controlled, especially in summer, due to the sanitary safety of resting people.

2

Zmienność sezonowa glonów planktonowych rozwijających się w wodach stawów zlokalizowanych w Parku Habsburgów w Żywcu

Jachniak Ewa

Polish Journal of Materials and Environmental Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 4 (24)

1--12

EN

The aim of this research was to characterize the species structure and biomass of planktonic algae in the ponds of the Habsburg Park in Żywiec. This research was conducted in the 2018 vegetation season. The water samples for research were taken from two research points. The first research point was located in the north-west part of the park, in a sunny place, while the second research point was located in the south-eastern part of the park, in a shaded place. The phytoplankton biomass (given in wet mass) was calculated by comparing the phytoplankton organisms to geometric figures, and then measuring their volume. A special converter was used to convert volume to mass. Algae keys were used to identify planktonic algae species. The results of the conducted analyzes showed the variability of the phytoplankton biomass in the research season. The highest values of total planktonic algae biomass were recorded in the summer period, in turn, the lowest values were recorded in the spring and autumn periods at both research points. The following groups of planktonic algae were found on both research points: Bacillariophyceae, Chrysophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Cryptophyceae and Euglenophyceae. The conducted research showed that diatoms (59.6% share) and green algae (22.5% share) had the highest average percentage share in the total phytoplankton biomass on the first research point, whereas on the second research point the diatoms (66% share) and euglenins (15.3% share) had the highest average percentage share in the total phytoplankton biomass. The greatest species diversity was found among diatoms and green algae, in the remaining algae groups only two or three species of algae dominated. During the research, algae that prefer low fertile water were observed (e.g. Encyonema minutum (Hilse) D.G. Mann, Pinnularia sp.) and that prefer more fertile environments (e.g. Coelastrum astroideum De-Not., Aulacoseira granulata (Ehr.) Simonsen. Some of them belonged to ubiquitous algae, typical for various environments, e.g. Cryptomonas erosa and Ulnaria ulna (Nitzsch) Ehrenberg.

3

Zmienność biomasy glonów planktonowych w zbiornikach powyrobiskowych w Kozach (teren zamkniętego kamieniołomu) w Beskidzie Małym

Jachniak Ewa

Inżynieria Ekologiczna

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2020

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Vol. 21, nr 4

1--9

PL

Celem badań była analiza składu gatunkowego i biomasy glonów planktonowych w powyrobiskowych zbiornikach wodnych. Zlokalizowane są one w Kozach na terenie zamkniętego kamieniołomu (zamknięty został w 1994 r.) na zboczach Beskidu Małego. W zamkniętym kamieniołomie znajdowała się kiedyś kopalnia piaskowca. Analizy wody zbiorników były prowadzone w czasie sezonu wegetacyjnego w 2018 r., w odstępach miesięcznych. Stężenia chlorofilu a mierzono za pomocą spektrofotometru, natomiast biomasę fitoplanktonu obliczano poprzez przyrównanie kształtu komórek glonów do figur geometrycznych i wyliczenie objętości. Oznaczano także wybrane parametry chemiczne (m. in. fosforany, pH i przewodność). Wartości biomasy glonów planktonowych i koncentracje chlorofilu a były niskie. W tych oczkach wodnych obserwowane były gatunki typowe dla wód oligotroficznych (Pinnularia Ehrenberg, Achnanthes lanceolata (Brébisson ex Kützing) Grun. in Cl. & Grun.), ale także występowały okresowo gatunki charakterystyczne dla wód delikatnie eutroficznych (Nitzschia acicularis (Kützing) W. Smith).

EN

The aim of this research was analysis of the species composition and planktonic algae biomass in the post-mining water ponds. These ponds are located in Kozy in the area of the closed quarry (it was closed in 1994) on the slopes of the Small Beskid. In the closed quarry there was once a sandstone mine. The analyses of these reservoirs water were conducted during the vegetation season in 2018 year, in monthly intervals. The chlorophyll a concentrations were measured using a spectrophotometer, while the phytoplankton biomass was calculated by comparing the shape of algae to geometrical figures and calculating the volume. The chosen chemical parameters (i. a. phosphates, pH and conductivity) were also determined. The values of the planktonic algae biomass and the chlorophyll a concentrations were low. In these ponds the typical algae for oligotrophic water were observed (Pinnularia Ehrenberg, Achnanthes lanceolata (Brébisson ex Kützing) Grun. in Cl. & Grun.), but there were also periodically the species characteristic for gently eutrophic water (Nitzschia acicularis (Kützing) W. Smith).

4

The variability of the atmospheric precipitation in the region of Wielka Laka dam reservoir

Kozak Janusz, Jachniak Ewa

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A

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2020

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Vol. 27, nr 1-2

1--17

EN

The aim of this research was the analysis of the precipitation variability in the last decade in the region of Wielka Laka reservoir. The daily sums of the precipitation (from 2005 to 2018) were the research material. They were obtained from the Aqua S.A. in Bielsko-Biala. The measurements were carried out according to the standard method using the Hellman pluviometer. In research the precipitation indicators were used, which are commonly applied. They were used to description of the precipitation characteristics. The frequency of days with precipitation at the certain height was determined according to the Olechnowicz-Bobrowska classification. The classification of individual years and months in respect of the excess or lack precipitation was conducted based on the Kaczorowska method. In the analysed multi-year period (2005–2018) the dry years prevailed, however the significant regularity wasn’t noticed. In the analysed multi-year period the highest rainfall was recorded in 2010 year, when in May the total precipitation was summarised at the 171 mm level. The recorded precipitation accompanied the inflow of air masses in the directions from the east (E) to the northwest (NW).

5

The Variability of the Planktonic Algae Biomass and Their Species Structure in the Ponds of the Park and Palace Complex in Żywiec

Jachniak Ewa, Młyniuk Agata

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2019

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Vol. 20, nr 7

53--60

EN

The aim of this research was the analysis of the species composition and planktonic algae biomass in the ponds of Habsburg Park in Żywiec. So far, the urban park ponds have been rarely studied (especially in Poland) in this respect. The analyses of the park ponds water in Żywiec were conducted during the vegetation season in 2016, in monthly intervals. The phytoplankton biomass was calculated by comparing the shape of algae to geometrical figures and based on the chlorophyll a concentrations. The chlorophyll a concentrations and values of the planktonic algae biomass remained at a low level. The species composition showed the dominance of diatoms (i.a. Achnanthes lanceolate (Brébisson ex Kützing) Grun. in Cl. & Grun., Encyonema sp. (Kützing) Krammer). The highest values of the planktonic algae biomass were observed in the summer season. The ponds in the Habsburgs Park in Żywiec have great aesthetic and recreational values and therefore more frequent monitoring is necessary.

6

The Quality Problems of the Dammed Water in the Mountain Forest Catchment

Jachniak Ewa, Jaguś Andrzej, Młyniuk Agata, Nycz Barbara

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2019

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Vol. 20, nr 5

165--171

EN

The research concerned the Wapienica dam reservoir, which is located in the Polish Carpathians, near the city of Bielsko-Biala. The dam closes the flow of water from the 11.1 km2 catchment. The forests cover about 90% of the catchment area, while the rest of the catchment constitutes grassland areas. The reservoir has a capacity of 1.05 million m3. The collected water is intended for supplying a water supply system. The catchment is treated as semi-natural, because within its borders the only works related to forest management are carried out. The aim of the research was evaluation of the water quality in this reservoir, including trophic status, based on the analyses carried out in 2015. It was found that the water was of good quality in basic physicochemical terms (e.g. suspension ≤13 mg∙dm-3,CODCr ≤11 mgO2∙dm-3, conductivity ≤82 µS∙cm-1, phosphates <0.05 mg∙dm-3, nitrates ≤5.1 mg∙dm-3, dissolved iron ≤0.12 mg∙dm-3). The contamination with heavy metals was not ascertained, with the exception of the zinc. The assessed sanitary indicators are worse – the bacteria of the Coli group and periodically also enterococci were observed in the reservoir water. The reservoir is not homogeneous in terms of biological production (the trophy degree). It is low in the upper part (oligotrophy generally) and increases in the part near the dam (mesotrophy, also eutrophy). The established presence of dangerous bacteria and symptoms of the reservoir eutrophication are disturbing in the context of the opinion on the purity of uninhabited mountain areas.