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1
Content available remote Application of risk analysis in hot water supply systems
Ocipova D., Vranayova Z.
Czasopismo Techniczne. Budownictwo
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2010
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R. 107, z. 2-B
163-170
EN
The core of the article consists in our investigation of Legionella contamination of hot water in a cross-sectional survey in Kosice, the Slovak Republic. Bacteria Legionella in water systems, especially in hot water distribution system, in terms of health protection of inhabitants, is a crucial problem which must not be neglected.
PL
Celem artykułu jest opracowanie dotyczące skażenia bakterią Legionella systemów zaopatrzenia ciepłej wody na podstawie badań przekrojowych wykonanych w Koszycach na Słowacji. Skażenie bakterią Legionella w systemach wodnych, zwłaszcza w systemach dystrybucji CWU, stanowi z punktu widzenia ochrony zdrowia mieszkańców podstawowy problem, którego nie można bagatelizować.
2
Content available remote Renewable energy source for today situation - GeoExchange systems
Vranay F., Vranayova Z., Ocipova D.
Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Rzeszowskiej. Budownictwo i Inżynieria Środowiska
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2009
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z. 54 [266]
99-107
EN
An increased utilization of renewable energy sources in the heat and electricity generation is one of priority tasks of the Slovak Republic to boost the use of domestic energy potential and thus to decrease the Slovakia's dependence on imported fossil fuels. For this reason the experimental workplace "Economic Research Centre for Renewable Energy Sources and Distribution systems" was founded last year. In the article we deal with heat pumps offering the most energy-efficient way to provide heating (central and water heating) and cooling in many applications, as they can use renewable heat sources in our surroundings. It is argued that heat pumps are very energy efficient, and therefore environmentally benign. Within good conditions the energy from low-potentional heat, in other way unusable, is used for the price of supplied energy for heat pump performance. This article determines applicability of this system supports utilization of electric energy low tariff rate, which is also valid for the other electrical appliances on the real administrative building.
3
Content available remote Potable hot water and its microbiological quality
Vranayova Z., Ocipova D.
Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Rzeszowskiej. Budownictwo i Inżynieria Środowiska
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2009
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z. 54 [266]
109-118
EN
The presence of the bacteria Legionella in water systems especially in the hot water distribution system represents in terms of health protection of inhabitants is the crucial problem which is not possible to overlook. Expenses on the elimination of Legionella from the water distribution systems are very high and the results are not often sufficient. It should be the common goal of designers and operators to reduce the risk of Legionella bacteria in the installation inside buildings. To prevent the tragic events it is obviously needed to monitor the issue in the word and pay attention to precautionary regulations. There are a lot of common shortages in hot water distribution systems of the large buildings. The age of system, material base, missing regulation and lack of maintenance play the most important role. We would like to describe technical possibilities for prevention of Legionella growth from contaminated hot water and which could be transferred into operation of water distribution system from the point of view of solving by current European legislation.
4
Content available remote Legionella prevention plan in water systems and its energetic consequences
Vranayova Z., Kosicanova D., Ocipova D.
Czasopismo Techniczne. Budownictwo
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2009
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R. 106, z. 1-B
241-249
EN
Sporadic cases of Legionnaires' disease continue to occur. Undoubtedly, a considerable number of people have impaired defence against such bacterial infections, and the medical care has recently improved in such a considerable degree that the case-fatality ratio is very low nowadays. Nevertheless, the presence of Legionella pneumophila in hot and cold water systems operating in buildings is to be expected. The subject of the paper is the investigation of the Legionella hot water contamination as conducted in a cross-sectional survey in Kosice. The eradication measures based on a chemical, thermal or combined method, usually have a short-term effect (1-2 months), and therefore it is necessary to support them by a system of operating, technical and/or construction measures, the most significant of which is the adjustment of PHW distribution system, maintaining PHW temperature up to 55[degrees]C and daily preheating up to 60[degrees]C, as well as providing thermal disinfection twice a week at temperature [greather than or equal to] 70[degrees]C .
PL
Sporadyczne przypadki występowania choroby legionistów wciąż się zdarzają. Chociaż wiele ludzi ma upośledzoną zdolność obrony przed tymi bakteriami, to jednak wyższy standard opieki medycznej sprawił, że poziom zachorowań jest obecnie bardzo niski. Należy się jednak stale spodziewać obecności bakterii typu legionella w instalacjach wody ciepłej i zimnej. Przedmiotem artykułu są badania skażenia instalacji ciepłej wody bakteriami Legionella prowadzone na terenie Koszyc. Sposoby usuwania skażenia polegające na stosowaniu środków chemicznych, wysokiej temperatury lub łączone mają zwykle skutki krótkotrwałe (1-2 miesiące), dlatego też istotne jest opracowanie systemu stałego odkażania instalacji.
5
Content available remote Preparation and distribution management of potable hot water
Vranayova Z., Ocipova D.
Budownictwo o Zoptymalizowanym Potencjale Energetycznym
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2008
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nr (5)
344--349
EN
There are a lot guidelines and regulations developed in many individual countries for the design, operation and maintenance for tap water systems to avoid the growth of bacteria Legionella. The aim of this study is to show the necessity of regulations for installations inside buildings and to enhance maintenance and operation of the system to reach high reliability hand in hand with cooperation of the competent staff. The core of the article stems from the ‘STN EN 806 Specifications for installations inside buildings conveying water for human consumption’ that have been accepted by the Slovak Republic and prepared Technical report TC 164 and our investigation of Legionella contamination of hot water in a cross-sectional survey in Kosice, the Slovak Republic. In brief we would like to emphasize demands for implementation of precautionary regulations and facility management in conditions of the Slovak Republic.
6
Content available remote Hot water systems contamination in the frame of central heat supply
Vranayova Z., Ocipova D.
Budownictwo o Zoptymalizowanym Potencjale Energetycznym
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2007
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nr (4)
406--411
EN
Sporadic cases of Legionnaires’ disease continue to occur. No doubt many of people have impaired defences against such bacterial infections and the medical attention has so improved in recent years that the case-fatality ratio is now very low. But the presence of Legionella pneumophilia in hot water systems inside any building is to be expected. The subject of the paper is our investigation Legionella contamination of hot water in a cross-sectional survey in Kossice, Slovakia. Some factors associated with Legionella contamination are described as a water source, a heater type, tank distance and capacity, water plant age, piping material base. Risk management considerations, right design and operating practices that should reduce the risk of legionellosis are mentioned in the article.
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