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Dental tribology: a systems approach

Sajewicz Eugeniusz

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

2021

Vol. 23, no. 4

15--32

Purpose: This article presents the new system approach for the biotribological description of the stomatognathic system, with particular emphasis on one of its subsystems, the dental organ. Methods: The peculiarity of the dental organ is emphasised, associated with a specific autonomic environment, next to the external environment, resulting from the impact of the organism on the dental organ. The autonomic environment increases the number of relations between elements in the dental organ and hinders its examination. Results: The characteristics of the dental organ are described. Its main elements, their properties, and the relationships between them are identified, and the system’s functions, inputs and outputs are presented. The systems approach addresses these difficulties, enabling the analysis of the dental organ and its tribological characteristics. Conclusions: The dental organ has an “autonomic” environment, which significantly increases the number of tribological relationships and complicates their analysis. Knowledge of the tribological attributes of the dental organ can be useful in studying detailed aspects of the function of the dental organ. The specific features of the analysed system and the uniqueness of its structure necessitate the use of appropriate methodology for testing the tribological properties.

Influence of dental materials on hardness and Young’s modulus of the surface layers of tooth enamel formed as a result of friction

Wojda Sylwia, Sajewicz Eugeniusz

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

2019

Vol. 21, no. 1

129--139

The purpose of this work was to determine the influence of dental materials used as permanent fillings on the mechanical properties of the tooth enamel surface layer subjected to friction with these materials. Methods: Dental composite materials (five types) were differentiated in terms of size and shape of the filler particles and matrix type over the course of tests on the chewing simulator under two different loads set during friction. Next, it was measured values of wear and nanoindentation for the resulting friction rates on the enamel (3 different load ranges). Results: It was found that the enamel’s resistance to tribological wear is significantly higher than that of the tested dental materials. It is also important to note that, depending on the penetration depth of the indenter (depends on the indenter pressure), different hardness values and Young’s modulus of enamel were obtained after friction with different dental materials. This demonstrates the formation of a surface layer with different properties than the native material. Conclusions: Analysis of the obtained results suggests the existence of different tribological wear mechanisms, as evidenced by significant differences in the wear values of dental materials and enamel. The data show that the enamel surface layer modified by the contacting dental material is shaped to a certain depth, and different thickness ranges of the changed layer have different properties.