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Geodynamic research at the Department of Planetary Geodesy, SRC PAS

Brzeziński A., Jóźwik M., Kaczorowski M., Kalarus M., Kasza D., Kosek W., Nastula J., Szczerbowski Z., Wińska M., Wronowski R., Zdunek R., Zieliński J. B.

Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics

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2016

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Vol. 100

131--147

EN

The Department of Planetary Geodesy of the Space Research Centre PAS has been conducting research on a broad spectrum of problems within a field of global dynamics of the Earth. In this report we describe the investigations on selected subjects concerning polar motion (modeling and geophysical interpretation of the Chandler wobble, hydrological excitation of seasonal signals, search for optimal prediction methods), tectonic activity in the region of the Książ Geodynamic Laboratory of the SRC, and finally the new joint Polish-Italian project GalAc analyzing feasibility and usefulness of equipping second-generation Galileo satellites with accelerometers.

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Properties and main characteristics of the UHF radio channel for communication with BRITE-PL satellites

Wawrzaszek R., Stolarski M., Kalarus M., Wielgosz A., Woźniak G., Marciniszyn G., Waraksa M., Żurek J., Unterberger M., Romano P.

Przegląd Telekomunikacyjny + Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne

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2016

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nr 6

413--416, CD

EN

Communication states a basis of utilization of a Space through scientific and technological satellite missions. Nevertheless even nowadays it is a challenging task which need advanced equipment and precise analysis of the problem. After a successful launch of three satellites Polish engineers and scientists are getting experience in that field. In the following paper authors are presenting a communication system used in a frame of the BRITE-PL project. Additionally a theoretical analysis and on-board satellite measurements of the satellite radio link parameters will be presented and compared.

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Population dynamics of the main copepod species in the Gulf of Gdańsk (the southern Baltic Sea) : abundance, biomass and production rates

Musialik-Koszarowska M., Dzierzbicka-Głowacka L., Kalarus M., Lemieszek A., Maruszak P., Żmijewska M. I.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2016

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Vol. 45, No. 2

159--171

EN

The aim of this study was to describe the production biomass and abundance dynamics of the major Baltic calanoid copepods (Acartia spp., Temora longicornis and Pseudocalanus sp.) in the Gulf of Gdańsk (the southern Baltic Sea) during a three-year period from March 2010 to December 2012. the data were collected at six stations located in the western part of the gulf. Acartia spp. was the most abundant taxon throughout the study period. the observed differences in the weighted mean depth for the investigated species were >2 m between nauplii and adults of Acartia spp., >5 m between nauplii and adults of Temora longicornis and 3 m between nauplii and younger copepodites of Pseudocalanus sp. the highest values of the secondary production rates were determined for Acartia spp. − almost 17.55 mg C m-2 d-1 (summer 2011), while Temora longicornis reached 3.80 mg C m-2 d-1 in spring 2010 and Pseudocalanus sp. had the highest secondary production values in summer 2011 − about 1.28 mg C m-2 d-1.

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Long-term changes in the total development time of Copepoda species occurring in large numbers in the Southern Baltic Sea : numerical calculations

Figiela M., Musialik-Koszarowska M., Nowicki A., Lemieszek A., Kalarus M., Druet C.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2016

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Vol. 45, No. 1

1--10

EN

The study presents changes in the total development time of Copepoda species, i.e. Pseudocalanus sp., Temora longicornis and Acartia spp. occurring in large numbers in the Southern Baltic Sea. The following factors were taken into account: temperature, salinity and concentration of food. The presented research involved simulations with greenhouse gas emissions scenarios A1B and B1. The analysis was performed for naupliar and copepodid stages combined together, and the results present the total development time of organisms from the naupliar stage to the adult form. The calculations were carried out using numerical methods based on the experimental data available in the literature.

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Seasonal variability in the population dynamics of the main mesozooplankton species in the Gulf of Gdańsk (southern Baltic Sea): production and mortality rates

Dzierzbicka-Głowacka L., Kalarus M., Musialik-Koszarowska M., Lemieszek A., Żmijewska M. I.

Oceanologia

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2015

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No. 57 (1)

78--85

EN

This manuscript is a continuation of the results presented in the earlier work by Dzierzbicka-Głowacka et al. (2013). Major purpose of this study is to characterize population dynamics of three major Baltic calanoid copepod species (Acartia spp., Temora longicornis and Pseudocalanus sp.) in the Gulf of Gdańsk during the years 2006–2007. This paper focuses mostly on biomass estimation, production and mortality rates. All three species had the highest observed biomass in summer 2007 and it was 12.62, 9.16 and 0.80 mg C m-3for Acartia spp., T. longicornis and Pseudocalanus sp., respectively, while highest daily production rates for those species were 28.22, 18.47, 1.34 mg C m-2, all recorded in summer 2007. Mortality rates were calculated for all copepodite stages of selected species, and in most cases highest values were observed during summer seasons

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Evadne anonyx G. O. Sars, 1897 : the first record of this Ponto-Caspian cladoceran in the Gulf of Gdańsk (Baltic Sea)

Bielecka L., Mudrak-Cegiołka S., Kalarus M.

Oceanologia

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2014

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No. 56 (1)

141--150

EN

Evadne anonyx, a new invasive Ponto-Caspian species, was detected for the first time in the Gulf of Gdańsk in the summer of 2006. Seven years probably elapsed from the first record of E. anonyx in the Baltic Sea (Gulf of Finland) to the first one in the Gulf of Gdańsk. Although the species was found at 10 out of 13 stations in rather low densities (not exceeding 6 indiv. m-3), all the developmental stages of E. anonyx were present (juveniles as well as adults - parthenogenetic females, gamogenetic females and males) in the plankton material investigated.

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Interannual variability in the population dynamics of the main mesozooplankton species in the Gulf of Gdańsk (southern Baltic Sea): Seasonal and spatial distribution

Dzierzbicka-Głowacka L., Kalarus M., Żmijewska M. I.

Oceanologia

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2013

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No. 55 (2)

409-434

EN

The paper characterizes the population dynamics of the major Baltic calanoid copepod species (Acartia spp., Temora longicornis and Pseudocalanus sp.) in the Gulf of Gdańsk (southern Baltic Sea) from January 2006 to December 2007. The data were collected at six stations (M2, S1, S2, S3, S4, J23) located in the western part of the Gulf of Gdańsk. The objective of this research was to describe and compare the seasonal and spatial distributions of these three major copepod species. Their distributions in the study area are largely similar, although there are some exceptions regarding Pseudocalanus sp. Copepoda development in the Gulf was at its most intense from May to September, peaking in July. The abundance of these species was the least at the shallowest stations. Based on these results, the weighted mean depth WMD per developmental stage was calculated for Pseudocalanus sp., Acartia spp. and T. longicornis. The paper also compares the abundance (in indiv. m-2) of the copepodite stages of these species in two regions of the Baltic Sea (the Gulf of Gdańsk and the Gotland Basin). Except for Pseudocalanus sp., the abundance of these copepodite stages (ΣCII-CVI) in the Gulf of Gdańsk in 2006 was similar to that in the Gotland Basin in the mid-1990s; in spring/summer 2007, however, their abundances were significantly higher (ca 2-4 times) in the former region.

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Analysis of pole coordinate data predictions in the Earth Orientation Parameters Combination of Prediction Pilot Project

Kosek W., Luzum B., Kalarus M., Wnęk A., Zbylut M.

Artificial Satellites : Journal of Planetary Geodesy

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2011

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Vol. 46, No. 4

139--150

EN

In October 2010 the US Naval Observatory together with the Space Research Centre in Warsaw initiated the Earth Orientation Parameters Combination of Prediction Pilot Project, which was accepted by the IERS Directing Board. The goal of this project is to determine the feasibility of combining Earth Orientation Parameters (EOP) predictions on an operational basis. The ensemble predictions of EOPs are more accurate than the results from individual predictions. The pole coordinate data predictions from different prediction contributors and ensemble predictions computed by the U.S. Naval Observatory are studied to determine the statistical properties of polar motion forecasts by looking at second, third and fourth moments about the mean. The increase of prediction errors in pole coordinate data can be due to the change of phase of the annual oscillation in the joint atmospheric-ocean excitation function.

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Moduły lokalizacji oraz testy chipów GNSS dla elementów systemu PROTEUS

Darakchiev R., Sitek P., Brzostowski K., Foks-Ryznar A., Kalarus M., Zdunek R.

Elektronika : konstrukcje, technologie, zastosowania

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2010

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Vol. 51, nr 11

122-126

PL

System PROTEUS ma za zadanie stworzenie nowej jakości w zarządzaniu kryzysowym i działaniach ratowniczych. Innowacyjne projekty elementów systemu, w szczególnosci częściowo autonomicznych robotów mobilnych oraz modułów lokalizacji dla ludzi w budynkach wymagają nowych rozwiązań technicznych. Niniejszy artykuł prezentuje w jaki sposób najnowsze technologie mogą być ze sobą połączone w celu stworzenia jakościowo nowych modułów lokalizacji, które spełniają ścisłe wymagania środowiskowe, zasilania, wielkości i dokładności.

EN

The PROTEUS system will set a new standard in crisis management and rescue operations. The innovative design of partially autonomous mobile robots and modules for people location in buildings requires new technical solutions. This article presents how the recent technologies can be combined in order to design brand-new location modules that fulfill strict environmental, power supply, size and accuracy requirements.

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Analiza możliwości zastosowania sensorów inercjalnych MEMS w projekcie PROTEUS

Kalarus M., Sitek P., Brzostowski K., Foks-Ryznar A., Darakchiev R.

Elektronika : konstrukcje, technologie, zastosowania

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2010

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Vol. 51, nr 11

127-129

PL

Artykuł prezentuje rozważania nad możliwością zastosowania sensorów inercjalnych MEMS (Micra Electra-Mechanical System) do wyznaczania zmian położenia oraz orientacji obiektów. Analiza przeprowadzona została w kontekście realizowanego projektu PROTEUS - zintegrowanego mobilnego systemu mającego wyznaczyć nowe standardy w podejmowaniu działań antyterrorystycznych i antykryzysowych [1]. Jako element testowy wykorzystano modul Xsens MTiG zawierający zintegrowany system INS/GPS (Inertial Navigation System/Global Positioning System). Przedstawiono jego charakterystykę oraz możliwości wykorzystania wewnątrz budynków w warunkach braku widoczności satelitów nawigacyjnych. Otrzymane rezultaty pozwoliły stwierdzić, że wykorzystanie podsystemu INS do klasycznej nawigacji zliczeniowej (dead reckoning) nie ma praktycznie sensu z uwagi na szybko narastający błąd. Jednak INS znakomicie sprawdza się jako uzupełnienie GPS umożliwiając pomiar orientacji oraz szybkich zmian położenia obiektu. Ponadto, analizy czasowo-częstotliwościowe danych otrzymywanych z INS pozwalają w pewnym stopniu określać parametry ruchu oraz pozycję obiektu.

EN

This article considers the possibility of using MEMS (Micro Electro-Mechanical System) inertial sensors to determine changes in position and attitude of the objects. The analysis was carried out in the context of the ongoing project PROTEUS - the integrated mobile system which aims to set new standards for counterterrorism and rescue operations [1]. All measurements were based on the Xsens MTiG module containing an integrated INS/GPS (Inertial Navigation System/Global Positioning System). Its performance and possible use inside the buildings during GPS outages were then presented. The results revealed that the classical dead reckoning algorithm is practically meaningless due to the unlimited position error growing with time. However, the INS can supplement GPS measurements which gives the capability of tracking the rapid changes in position and attitude. In addition, the time-frequency analysis of data obtained from the INS allows to estimate some movement parameters and position of the object.