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Microstructure, magnetic and elastic properties of electrodeposited Cu+Ni nanocomposites coatings

Chrobak A., Kubisztal M., Kubisztal J., Chrobak E, Haneczok G.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2011

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Vol. 49, nr 1

17--26

EN

Purpose: The paper presents systematic studies of fabrication and properties of Cu+Ni nanocomposite coatings obtained by electrodeposition technique. Special attention is paid to establish the influence of fabrication conditions and microstructure of the coating material on its magnetic and elastic properties. Design/methodology/approach: The results were obtained by applying electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS, PARSTAT 2273, roughness factor), magnetization versus temperature measurements (2

2

Magnetic properties of polymer matrix composites filled with ferrite powders

Stabik J., Chrobak A., Haneczok G., Dybowska A.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

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2011

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Vol. 48, nr 2

97-102

EN

The aim of this paper was to present magnetic properties research results of polymer matrix composites. The influence of the kind of fillers and amount of fillers on the magnetic properties of the composites was studied and is presented in this paper.

3

Non-destructive method of determination of elastic properties and adhesion coefficient of different coating materials

Kubisztal M., Chrobak A., Haneczok G.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2010

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Vol. 43, nr 2

634--643

EN

Purpose: The paper presents a non-destructive method of determination of Young’s modulus and adhesion coefficient of different coating materials (metallic coatings, polymer, composite etc.). Some of the results obtained by applying this method are discussed in detail. Design/methodology/approach: The presented method consists in measuring the dynamic response of the examined material in the form of a flat rectangular bar subjected to external periodic mechanical stress i.e. the so called vibrating reed technique. General equations describing elastic properties of the sample consisting of a substrate and a deposited coating are derived and discussed in detail. Findings: It was shown that the application of the proposed approach to the metallic, polymeric and composite coatings allowed to obtain a quantitative data concerning the change of both the elastic properties and the adhesion coefficient with a change of: coating thickness, measurement temperature, chemical composition of coating, surface preparation or in the case of epoxy resin coatings with a change of curing time or curing temperature. Research limitations/implications: The proposed method can be applied in many scientific problems in the field of coating materials (e.g. elastic properties of porous coating, crystallization of amorphous coating, adhesion of different polymeric coatings). Practical implications: It was shown that the described method can be successfully used in optimisation of some technological processes of deposition of different coatings on metallic substrate. Originality/value: The paper presents methodology of a non-destructive approach to determination of elastic properties and adhesion coefficient of coating materials with an overview of some applications already publish and also the new ones. Especially interesting are the results concerning the influence of surface preparation on adhesion coefficient which are published for the first time.

4

Magnetic properties of Fe76X2Si8B14 (X=Al, Cr, Mo) amorphous alloys

Madej Ł., Stokłosa Z., Chrobak A., Kwapuliński P., Rasek J., Haneczok G.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

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2008

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Vol. 34, nr 1

9-13

EN

Purpose: The idea of the paper is to study the influence of thermal annealing and alloying additions on magnetic properties, optimization and crystallization processes in Fe76X2Si8B14 (X=Al, Cr, Mo) amorphous alloys. Design/methodology/approach: For annealed samples (1 h, Ta ranging from 300 K to 800 K) at room temperature magnetic permeability was measured by applying Maxwell-Wien bridge (frequency about 1030 Hz and magnetic field H=0.5 A/m). Magnetostriction coefficients - parallel and perpendicular were determined by applying infra-red magneto-dilatometer. Magnetization in saturation versus temperature was measured by making use of magnetic balance (field 0.5 T). Findings: It was shown that alloying additions in the examined alloys cause a decrease of the Curie temperature, an increase of magnetic permeability and magnetization in saturation. The observed ESMP (enhancement of soft magnetic properties) effect in the examined alloys can be attributed to the so-called relaxed amorphous phase free iron nanograins. It was shown that parallel and perpendicular magnetostriction coefficients depend on annealing temperatures which means that these quantities are sensitive on free volume content. Research limitations/implications: The obtained results are a part of a broad area of examinations devoted to establishing of the influence of different alloying additions and thermal annealing on soft magnetic properties of amorphous alloys obtained by melt spinning technique. Practical implications: The examined alloys belong to a modern group of soft magnetic materials, which can be used as core transformers, magnetic sensors, shields of magnetic etc. The obtained results may be used for preparing soft magnetic ribbons for specific applications. Originality/value: The originality of the paper lies in examination of the influence of free volume content on magnetostriction coefficients.

5

Magnetic and mechanical properties in FeXSiB (X=Cu, Zr, Co) amorphous alloys

Kwapuliński P., Rasek J., Stokłosa Z., Badura G., Kostrubiec B., Haneczok G.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

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2008

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Vol. 31, nr 1

25-28

EN

Purpose: The idea of the paper is to study the influence of different alloying additions (Cu, Zr, Nb) on structural relaxation, crystallization, and improvement of soft magnetic properties in amorphous alloys of the type FeXSiB obtained by melt spinning technique. Design/methodology/approach: Magnetic and electric characteristics of the as quenched and successively annealed samples were determined at room temperature. Experiments were carried out by applying magnetic permeability measurements (Maxwell-Wien bridge), magnetic after effects, resistivity (four points probe), magnetostriction coefficient (infrared optical sensor) and magnetization (magnetic balance and fluxmeter). Findings: It was shown that soft magnetic properties of the examined alloys can be optimized by applying 1-h annealing at a specific temperature. The process of the improvement of soft magnetic properties is found to be diffusion controlled. The Arrhenius parameters of this process were determined by applying magnetic measurements. Research limitations/implications: The obtained results are a part of a broad area of examinations devoted to establishing of the influence of different alloying additions and thermal annealing on soft magnetic properties of amorphous alloys obtained by melt spinning technique. Practical implications: The examined alloys belong to a modern group of soft magnetic materials, which can be used as core transformers, magnetic sensors, shields of magnetic, electric and electromagnetic fields etc. The obtained results may be used for preparing soft magnetic ribbons for specific applications. Originality/value: The originality of the paper lies in examination of the improvement of soft magnetic properties effect as a diffusion-controlled process. The influence of different alloying additions on the course of this process is well established.

6

Mössbauer temperature study of the Fe80Nb6B14 amorphous alloy

Frąckowiak J., Tomczyk A., Hanc A., Haneczok G.

Nukleonika

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2007

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Vol. 52, supl. 1

43-46

EN

Temperature studies in the range 300 800 K of amorphous Fe80Nb6B14 alloy using Mössbauer spectroscopy are presented. It is shown that at a temperature close to 700 K iron clusters with non-collinear magnetic structure are formed. The observed magnetic permeability enhancement effect in the annealed at elevated temperatures alloy, which takes place in amorphous phase, is due to the strong ferromagnetic exchange between Fe clusters via the amorphous matrix and reduction of internal stresses.

7

Influence of alloying additions on magnetostriction and Young's modulus of nanoperm type amorphous alloys

Madej Ł., Kubisztal M., Chrobak D., Chrobak A., Haneczok G.

Inżynieria Materiałowa

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2007

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Vol. 28, nr 3-4

292-296

EN

In the present paper magnetostriction, Young's modulus and primary crystallization were examined for a group of amorphous alloys of nanoperm family i.e. Fe78B22, Fe76B22X2 (X=Cr, Zr, Nb). It was shown that the alloying additions cause a correlated decrease of Young's modulus (over 2 times) and magnetostriction coefficients - parallel (about 40%) and spontaneous (about 30 %) in relation to the Fe7SB22, alloy. The observed decrease of Young's modulus and magnetostriction coefficients are correlated with the heat of crystallization Qr. The crystallization temperature (DSC maximum) and the apparent activation energy of crystallization decrease monotonically with increasing QT.

PL

W niniejszej pracy dla grupy amorficznych stopów typu nanosem tj. Fe78B22, Fe76B22X2 (X=Cr, Zr, Nb) badano zjawisko magnetostrykcji, modułYounga i krystalizację pierwotną. Pokazano, że dla grupy badanych materiałów dodatki stopowe powodują skorelowany spadek wartości modułu Younga (ponad 2 razy) oraz współczynników magnetostrykcji - równoległej (około 40%) i spontanicznej (około 30 %). Obserwowany spadek modułuYounga i współczynników magnetostrykcji koreluje ze spadkiem ciepła krystalizacji Qr. Temperatura krystalizacji i energia aktywacji krystalizacji także monotonicznie maleją ze wzrostem Qr.

8

The influence of partial replacement of Fe by Co in FeCoCuNbSiB alloys on magnetic properties.

Kolano-Burian A., Ferenc J., Kulik T., Vlasak G., Haneczok G.

Archives of Materials Science

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2004

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Vol. 25, nr 4

441-446

EN

Crystallization process and magnetic properties of the Fe73.5-xCoxCu1Nb3Si13.5B9 alloys (x=0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50.8, 73,5) were investigated. The structure of partially crystalized alloys was examined by X-ray diffractometry (XRD). The magnetic properties (coercivity Hc and magnetostriction constant pi s) of the alloys after heat treatment conducted at optimal temperature for 1 h in Ar atmosphere were measured at room temperature. It was found that the optimal annealing temperature, at which the best magnetic properties are obtained, decreases with the increase of Co content. For the x values up to 40, an increase of coercivity with x was observed, corresponding to the increase of the mean grain size of the alfa-FeSi(Co) crystallites. However, at x=50, a noticeable magnetic softening was observed, but above x=50, coercivity of the nanocrystalline alloys rapidly increased, which is correlated with the magnetic decoupling of alpha-FeSi(Co) crystallites. At the optimal annealing temperature, the maximum magnetostriction coefficient pi s, is observed for the alloy with x=20.

9

Influence of Cu and Zr on crystallization and the optimization of magnetic properties in amorphous alloys based on iron.

Stokłosa Z., Rasek J., Kwapuliński P., Badura G., Haneczok G.

Archives of Materials Science

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2004

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Vol. 25, nr 4

477-483

EN

In the present paper the fluence of Cu and Zr as alloying addictions to the Fe78Si13B9 base alloy was examined in detail. It was shown that Cu causes an increase of magnetic relaxation intensity, accelerates diffusion processes and separates the first and second stages of crystallization. Zr atoms cause a slowing down of diffusion processes, a decrease of magnetic relaxation intensity and an improvement of soft magnetic properties of the examined material.

10

Dependence of magnetic properties on the chemical composition of the Fe65-xCo5+xMo5Zr8Nb2B15 (x = 0, 5, 10) and Fe60Co10Mo5Cr10-xNbxB15 (x = 2, 4, 6, 8) bulk amorphous alloys.

Wójcik N., Winczura L., Kolano R., Szynowski J., Haneczok G.

Archives of Materials Science

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2004

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Vol. 25, nr 4

499-505

EN

Fe65-xCo5+xMo5Zr8Nb2B15 (x = 0, 5, 10) and Fe60Co10Mo5Cr10-xNbxB15 (x = 2, 4, 6, 8) bulk amorphous alloys with different contents of Co, Zr, Nb and Cr were investigated. Samples of the alloys were prepared in a form of amorphous ribbons 4-8 mm wide and 22-65 micrometers thick, obtained by the melt-spinning technique. Chemical composition of the ribbons was examined using JEOL X-ray microanalyser, and their amorphous state was checked by the X-ray diffractometer. Dependence of the magnetisation M and Curie temperature Tc on the chemical composition of the alloys was determined. Moreover, such alloy parameters as density, resistivity and coercivity were measured.

11

Application of soft magnetic amorphous materials as magnetic shields.

Kwapuliński P., Chrobak A., Haneczok G., Stokłosa Z., Rasek J.

Archives of Materials Science

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2004

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Vol. 25, nr 4

455-460

EN

The Fe80Nb6B14, Fe76Nb2B22 and Fe76Zr2B22 amorphous alloys were tested for application as magnetic shields. It was shown that initial magnetic permeability of ribbons of the Fe80Nb6B14 alloy after annealing at 700 K/1-h is of the order of 10 to 4. The shielding effectiveness b for this alloy strongly depends on shield thickness h and magnetic field intensity. For h=200 microm b>20 dB up to 4x10 to 3 A/m.

12

Właściwości magnetyczne stopów typu nanoperm oraz ich wykorzystanie na ekrany pola elektromagnetycznego.

Haneczok G., Kwapuliński P., Stokłosa Z., Rasek J., Wroczyński R.

Archiwum Nauki o Materiałach

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2003

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T. 24, nr 4

373-391

PL

W pracy pokazano, że miękkie właściwości magnetyczne amorficznych stopów Fe76X2B22 (X=Cr, Zr, Nb) oraz Fe87Nb2B11 i Fe78B22 mogą być znacznie polepszone przez zastosowanie jednogodzinnego wygrzewania optymalizującego w temperaturach zbliżonych do temperatury krystalizacji. Pokazano, że dodatki stopowe Zr i Nb opóźniają procesy dyfuzyjne zachodzące w materiale i przesuwają pierwsze stadium krystalizacji (nanokrystalizacji) do wyższych temperatur. Obniżenie stężenia boru w stopach z dodatkiem Nb z 22 %at. do 11 %at. prowadzi do obniżenia temperatury wygrzewania optymalizującego o 150 K i obniżeniem temperatury Curie fazy amorficznej o 130 K. Z grupy badanych materiałów najlepszym stopem na ekrany tłumiące pole elektromagnetyczne okazał się stop Fe87Nb2B11. Pokazano, że w tym przypadku tłumienie fali elektromagnetycznej dla częstotliwości 0,2-1 GHz zawiera się w przedziale 30-55 dB.

EN

It was shown that soft magnetic properties of amorphous Fe76X2B22 (X=Cr, Zr, Nb), Fe87Nb2B11, and Fe78B22 alloys can be significantly improved by 1-h thermal annealing at temperatures closed to the crystallisation temperature. Alloying additions of Zr and Nb cause a slowing down of diffusion processes and a shift of the crystallisation temperature as well as the optimisation annealing temperature into high temperature region. A reduction of boron content for alloys with Nb (from 22 at.% to 11 at.%) causes a decrease of the 1h optimisation annealing temperature of about 150 K and the Courie temperature of the amorphous phase of about 130 K. Application of the examined materials as electromagnetic shields shows that the best parameters were obtained for the Fe87Nb2B11 alloy. In this case in the frequency range 0.2-1 GHz damping varies from 30 to 55 dB.