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2 Dalenbäck J. O.

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Take off for Solar District Heating in Europe

Dalenbäck J. O.

Polska Energetyka Słoneczna

2009

nr 1-4

9-13

In total, there are about >25 million m2 of glazed solar collectors in Europe, corresponding to about 18 GWn, (thermal power), where the majority of the collectors are installed in small systems with up to a few kW,h. European large-scale solar heating plants having more than 500 m" (~350 kWlh) of solar collectors have only about 170 MWlh altogether, so only a minor part of the European collector market comprises large-scale applications, i.e. about 1% of the installations. However, the relevant heat loads vary from a few kWlh up to several GWlh and about 9% of the heating loads in Europe are covered by block and district heating systems. There is thus a need to develop large-scale applications in order to utilize the full potential of solar heat to cover existing heat loads. The further development of district heating systems is likely to play a major role on the future European energy market, e.g. in Germany and Poland. To acknowledge the importance of large-scale solar heating (and cooling) systems, the European Solar Thermal Technology Platform - ESTTP - has assigned one working group for Solar District Heating (and Cooling). The vision for large-scale systems is further developed in co-operation with representatives for Euroheat & Power with the intention to broaden the number of potential actors to develop, demonstrate and promote solar heat in district heating (and cooling) applications. A number of technologies are already applied in demonstration projects mainly in the northern parts of Europe, e.g. Sweden, Denmark, Germany and Austria. At present, there are about 40 plants with > 1 400 m2 (1 MWth) solar collectors and the largest plant so far in Europe is designed with 18 000 m2 (13 MWlh) solar collectors. The paper describes technology status, presents strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, as well as a vision that claims that it could be feasible with close to 20 PJ solar heat in district heating systems in 2020 with a more progressive policy.

Solar heating using roof module collectors examples from new and existng building areas

Dalenbäck J. O.

Polska Energetyka Słoneczna

2006

nr 1-2

15-21

Solar heating plant or a district heating network. The paper will describe a development of roof integrated collectors from site built colectors to prefabricated roof module collectors based on two major applications: new residential buildings built by EKSTA Bostads AB and existing multifamily buildings renovated by Gärdstensbostäder AB, both municipal housing companies are in the Gőteborg area. Since early 1980`s EKSTA has built about 10 new residential developments with about 6000 m2 of solar collectors on a number of new buildings. The majority of buildings, typically better insulated than required by the Swedish building code, are connected to local heating plants combining wood pellet or briquette boilers and solar heating using roof-integrated solar collectors. Gärdstensbostäder has carried out a renovation project with the aim to demonstrate a comprehensive intyegrated concept, comprising energy concervation and utilisation of solar energy, as well as improved architectural and social conditions, making the buildings in a typical existing residential building area from the 1970`s more attractive. The project comprises 500 apartments in3-5 floor concrete element in six blocks. The renovation was carried out in two phases: one finished late 2000 and one finished in early 2004. One innovative feature is 1 410 m2 prefabricated roof modules with integrated solar collectors for pre-heating DHW.