The main aim of the paper is analysis of safety of the Global Baltic Network of Critical Infrastructure Networks (GBNCIN), taking into account interactions among particular critical infrastructure networks this network consists of. The safety function and other safety characteristics: the risk function and mean values and the standard deviations of the lifetimes in the safety state subsets are determined assuming the particular critical infrastructure networks have exponential safety functions. Finally, the coefficients of cascading effect impact on the intensities of degradation of the GBNCIN, and the indicator of that network resilience to cascading effect impact, are presented.
The paper is devoted to presentation the safety model for Baltic Port and Shipping Critical Infrastructure Network (BPSCIN) taking into account interactions between Baltic Port Critical Infrastructure Network, Baltic Shipping Critical Infrastructure Network and Baltic Ship Traffic and Port Operation Information Critical Infrastructure Network. First of all, the BPSCIN and its safety parameters are introduced. Next, the basic information and necessary data to describe the interactions in considered critical infrastructure network are given. Finally, the safety, resilience and risk indicators of the BPSCIN are presented.
In the paper optimization of operation process and minimization of operation cost for interconnected and interdependent critical infrastructure (CI) networks with cascading effects at variable operation conditions related to the climate-weather change are proposed. A multistate series network with assets dependent according to local load sharing (LLS) rule is analyzed and optimization of operation and safety of CI network with the LLS rule is introduced. For such CI network, the optimal transient probabilities that minimize the mean value of the total operation costs are found. Finally, cost analysis of CI network operation impacted by climate-weather change is presented in case the CI network is non-repairable and in case it is repairable after exceeding its critical safety state.
In the paper optimization of operation process and maximization of safety lifetimes for interconnected and interdependent critical infrastructure (CI) networks at variable operation conditions related to the climateweather change are proposed. A multistate series network with assets dependent according to local load sharing (LLS) rule is analyzed and optimization of operation and safety of CI network with the LLS rule is introduced. For such CI network, the optimal transient probabilities of CI network operation process at operation states related to climate-weather change that maximize the mean value of CI network safety lifetimes are found. Finally, the optimal safety and resilience indicators of CI network are presented.
This report focuses on the safety analysis in the multistate ageing system after changing the safety state by any of its components, the inside interactions among the remaining components may cause the change of those components’ safety states. As we consider multistate systems, in a local, equal and mixed load sharing model of dependencies. For them, we analyze the safety of a multistate parallel-series and “m out of l”-series system, assuming that the lifetimes of subsystem components in the safety state subset are decreasing according to the local load sharing rule and the lifetimes of subsystems are decreasing according to the equal load sharing rule.
In the paper the safety function of a multistate series network with dependent assets, with dependent subnetworks and with dependent assets of its subnetworks is determined. The multistate series-parallel network with dependent assets of its subnetworks and multistate series-“m out of k” network with dependent assets of its subnetworks is considered. Further the multistate parallel and “m out of n” networks with dependent assets are analyzed. The safety function of multistate parallel-series and “m out of l”-series networks with dependent assets of its subnetworks, and finally of multistate parallel-series and “m out of l”-series networks with dependent subnetworks and dependent assets of these subnetworks are determined. Proposed theoretical models of dependency are applied to the safety analysis of the exemplary electricity network. Finally, the obtained results are compared with results for the considered electricity network without assumption about dependencies between assets and subnetworks.
In this paper we consider dependent Critical Infrastructures (CI) at variable operation conditions and present multistate approach to their safety analysis. The safety of dependent Critical Infrastructures at variable operation conditions is described. The local, equal and mixed load sharing models of dependency subjected to the operation process are introduced. The conditional safety functions at the particular operation states and the unconditional safety functions of a multistate series network with dependent assets, with dependent subnetworks and with dependent assets of its subnetworks according to LLS, ELS and MLS rules are determined. Furthermore, the all models of dependency are applied to safety analysis of a multistate parallel and “m out of n” network with dependent assets, parallel-series and “m out of l”-series network with dependent assets of their subnetworks at variable operation conditions.
The paper presents climate-weather change terminology, selected from the fourth chapter of the report prepared in the scope of the EU-CIRCLE project. This project titled “A pan-European framework for strengthening Critical Infrastructure resilience to climate change – EU-CIRCLE” is realized under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program. The improved terms and definitions coming from this chapter are presented. Moreover, methodology related to climate-weather change in the scope of project issues is introduced.
The main aim of the article is introduced the Baltic Port Critical Infrastructure Network (BPCIN). It is done according to the Baltic Sea Core Ports. The basic technical parameters and the main cargo handling of particular ports are described. Furthermore, the involvement of the BPCIN in the Trans-European Transport Network is presented.
The paper presents the terminology of port critical infrastructure including definitions of general terms and definitions of more detailed notions. The European Programme for Critical Infrastructure Protection and the European Critical Infrastructures are introduced. Furthermore, the ship traffic and port operation information critical infrastructure terminology and related climate and resilience terminology are presented. Next, the taxonomy refers to ship traffic and port operation information critical infrastructure network with notions related to climate change and resilience and vulnerability of critical infrastructures to climate change are given.
The paper presents the terminology of port critical infrastructure including definitions of general terms and definitions of more detailed notions. The European Programme for Critical Infrastructure Protection and the European Critical Infrastructures are introduced. Furthermore, the port critical infrastructure terminology and related climate and resilience terminology are presented. Next, the taxonomy refers to port critical infrastructure network with notions related to climate change and resilience, and vulnerability of critical infrastructures to climate change are given.
In the paper we present the gas pipeline network as a critical infrastructure. The basic definitions concerned with gas pipeline critical infrastructure are given. Moreover, the climate and weather change impacts on gas pipeline critical infrastructure safety, resilience and resilience strengthening to climate change are described. Next, the specific notions and terminology in the climate change context for Baltic Gas Pipeline Critical Infrastructure Network (BGPCIN) are described
In the paper the energy sector as a critical infrastructure is presented and basic terminology concerned with the energy critical infrastructure is given. The interactions and connections between critical infrastructures are described and the effects of power disruptions to other critical infrastructures are highlighted. Next, presented terminology and taxonomy refer to climate change and resilience to climate change of electric cable critical infrastructure. Finally, taxonomy of electric cable critical infrastructure network in Baltic Sea Region is given, especially in terms of climate change and resilience to climate change. Basic notions related to extreme weather events and climate change having impact on energy generation, transmission and distribution are introduced.
The paper presents the terminology of critical infrastructure including definitions of general terms and definitions of more detailed notions. The European Programme for Critical Infrastructure Protection is introduced and infrastructures specified as being critical are listed. There is also presented the approach to the identification and designation of European Critical Infrastructures. Next, presented terminology and taxonomy refer to critical infrastructure networks at Baltic Sea Region. Finally, notions related to climate change and resilience and vulnerability of critical infrastructures to climate change are given. Considering strategy of critical infrastructures resilience strengthening there are distinguished and defined concepts of robustness, resourcefullness, redundancy, response and recovery.
The paper presents the terminology and taxonomy of critical infrastructures at the Baltic Sea Region including definitions of general terms and definitions of more detailed notions concerned with selected industrial installations at the Baltic Sea Region. In the paper there are distinguished and listed eight main critical infrastructure networks operating in the Baltic Sea Region. Presented terminology refers to these critical infrastructure networks also in the context of climate change and resilience and vulnerability of the critical infrastructures to climate change. Considering the strategy of critical infrastructures resilience strengthening there are distinguished and defined concepts of robustness, resource fullness, redundancy, response and recovery.
The liquid natural gas (LNG) will be commonly used by shipping and industry in the future. In this paper we present existing and planned natural gas networks in the Baltic Sea region, installed through the Baltic Sea. These gas pipeline installations create the Baltic Gas Pipeline Critical Infrastructure Network (BGPIN) that is one of eight critical infrastructure network of the Global Baltic Network of Critical Infrastructure Networks (GBNCIN).
At the beginning, in the paper the basic definitions concerned with critical infrastructures and climate and weather impacts on their safety are given. Next, critical infrastructure networks operating at Baltic Sea Region, forming the Global Baltic Network of Critical Infrastructure Networks (GBNCIN), are distinguished. Dangerous events coming from/to critical infrastructures located in the Baltic Sea area are classified and described. Potential threats are divided into two groups i.e. threats associated with dynamic installations and those associated with various static industrial installations. Moreover, natural hazards associated with weather and climate change are considered.
In the paper the Baltic Electric Cable Critical Infrastructure Network (BECCIN) is defined and the main electric cable investments in the Baltic Sea Region, that are components of BECCIN, are described. Next the installations belonging to BECCIN are presented regarding their availability and disturbance outages. Functioning and disturbances in electric grid critical infrastructure network are analyzed in terms of climate-weather change impact. Finally, consequences of power blackouts and their impact on other critical infrastructures are discussed.
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Przedstawiono model materiałowy kompozytu poliestrowego z odpadami poliestrowoszklanymi oraz mączką dolomitową. Model został zbudowany na podstawie wyników doświadczeń i ich statystycznej analizy. Jakość dopasowania modelu oceniono przez wyznaczenie współczynników determinacji. Oceniono wpływ składników na wybrane właściwości kompozytu i zaproponowano funkcję optymalizacji pozwalającą na dobór optymalnego składu kompozytu.
EN
Polyester matrix composite was modified by addn. of glass fiber-reinforced polyester composite waste (grain size below 7.0 mm) and dolomite powder, cured and studied for compressive and flexural strengths and water absorption. Synergy between the polyester resin and the recyclate resulted in a decrease in mech. properties and increase in H₂O absorption. The recyclate content optimization functions were derived.
In the paper a multistate approach to reliability analysis of series systems with dependent components according to the local load sharing rule is proposed. As a particular case, the reliability function of a multistate series system composed of dependent components having exponential reliability functions is determined. The mean values and standard deviations of the multistate system lifetimes in the reliability state subsets and the mean values of its lifetimes in the particular reliability states are determined. Application of the proposed model of components’ dependency to the reliability analysis of the exemplary system is presented. The exemplary system risk function and the moment of exceeding by the system the critical reliability state are given.
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