Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Investigation of Waste Properties of Subway Construction as a Potential Component of Soil Layer

Ivanov A. V., Smirnov Y. D., Petrov G. I.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2018

|

Vol. 19, nr 5

59--69

EN

The construction of subway stations is inevitably accompanied by the formation of a large amount of waste that is extracted from the underground workings by rock. When the waste is transported, the air is polluted with the exhaust gases of the dump trucks, some of the waste can stay on the road surface, the use of dump trucks increases the load on the roadway, the disposal of waste at landfills harms the environment, and enterprises pay fees for the transportation as well as placement of the waste. The article deals with the waste from the construction of new stations in the Saint-Petersburg subway. In order to determine the possibility of using waste in the municipal economy, a comprehensive analysis of this waste was carried out, including determination of moisture content, acidity, total carbon content, as well as chemical and granulometric composition. On the basis of the study results, it was established that the waste in question belongs to the hazard class 5, which enables to use it as a component of the soil mixture. Afterwards, the hazard class 5 was confirmed by the method of bioassay based on the determination of water toxicity by changing the optical density of the Chlorella algae culture.

2

Investigation of Dust Transfer Processes During Loading and Unloading Operations Using Software Simulation

Smirnov Y. D., Ivanov A. V.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2018

|

Vol. 19, nr 4

29--33

EN

In order to limit dust transfer during the operations of material transportation at the factories of the construction industry, factories of the mineral and raw materials complex employ special dust suppression bunkers. These devices are structures located above a railway hopper (either a truck body or a conveyor). Through the input portal of the device, the transported material is transferred. Dusting can also be carried out under the bunkers from the side of the hopper, into which the material is poured. The design of dust suppression bins should be accompanied by a simulation of dust propagation processes. The simulation should be carried out in order to minimize the dust emissions and to select the optimum locations for the dust suppression sprayers.

3

Ecological Assessment of the Current State of Environmental Components on the Territory of the Impact of Cement Production Industry

Strizhenok A. V., Ivanov A. V.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2017

|

Vol. 18, nr 6

160--165

EN

The monitoring of the environmental components condition, exposed to the influence of the cement production enterprises, was the aim of the conducted research. One of the largest cement production factories in Russia, where the territory of negative impact has a total area of over 300 square kilometers, was the object of the study. The observations of the dust content in atmospheric air, as well as the determination of degradation degree of vegetation in the area of influence of the considered production facility were conducted. Chemical and granulometric composition of the cement dust, which is emitted in atmospheric air, were identified in the laboratory. Mapping model, which indicates the complex ecological welfare of the territory, exposed to the cement production industry, was compiled by the authors on the basis of the data, obtained in conducted research. The mapping model takes into account both the content of dust in near-ground atmosphere, and the extent of its deposition to soil, vegetation and surface water bodies.

4

Information Support for Monitoring of the Sphere of Solid Municipal Waste Treatment

Ivanov A. V., Balanowski M. V., Fatykhov J. A.

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

|

2016

|

Tom 18, cz. 1

18--27

EN

Organization of effective management of municipal waste is a complex management task, characterized by a multiplicity and heterogeneity of the factors that must be taken into account, and multistage associated with different content process applicable at each stage. To make effective management decisions we must to decide the problem of the availability of reliable and timely information. The geo-information system for monitoring and waste management can be seen as a higher-order system element, including for complex socio-eco-economic assessment of the status of the region. The main task of achieving economic efficiency of waste sorting is: "It must be economically profitable for population and management companies to sort waste and dispose them in different containers." To do this, the tariff for the export of unsorted waste containers should be maximized and the cost of removal of sorted waste should be minimal (ideally - zero). The results obtained have allowed significantly improve the capacity and effectiveness of the decisions made, in particular, on issues such as the optimization of traffic flows, division of human settlements into separate areas on a territorial basis and a reasonable preparation of technical tasks in the organization of tender procedures in the management system of sanitary clearing settlements.

PL

Organizacja efektywnego zarządzania odpadami komunalnymi jest złożonym zadaniem, które charakteryzuje się wielością i różnorodnością czynników, które muszą być brane pod uwagę. Jest to wieloetapowy proces związany z różnymi procesami technologicznymi mającymi zastosowanie na po-szczególnych etapach. Problem dostępności wiarygodnej i aktualnej informacji jest wspólny dla wszystkich etapów podejmowania skutecznych decyzji w zakresie obchodzenia się z twardymi odpadami komunalnymi. Geoinformacyjne systemy monitorowania i zarządzania odpadami mogą być postrzegane jako element wyższego rzędu systemowego, również dla kompleksowej oceny społeczno-ekologicznego i gospodarczego statusu regionu. Głównym zadaniem osiągnięcia efektywności ekonomicznej segregacji odpadów jest: „Ludność i spółki zarządzające, które muszą mieć korzyść z sortowania odpadów i wyrzucania ich do różnych pojemników”. Aby to zrobić, taryfy na wywóz nieposortowanych pojemników na odpady powinny być zmaksymalizowane, koszt usuwania odpadów segregowanych powinien być minimalnym (idealnie – zero). Otrzymane wyniki wskazują na znaczne poprawienie skuteczności podejmowanych decyzji szczególnie w takich kwestiach jak optymalizacja ruchu transportowego, podział na osobne obszary terytorium mieszkaniowego, bardziej uzasadnione przygotowania zadań technicznych w organizacji proce-dur przetargowych w systemie zarządzania sanitarnych oczyszczeń zamieszkałych obszarów.