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The importance of smart technology solutions for sustainable logistics in Poland

Pyra Mariusz, Paužuolienė Jurgita, Kaveckė Ieva

LogForum

2025

Vol. 21, no 1

35--46

Background: This article examines the impact of smart technology implementation on sustainable development practices within Polish logistics companies. In recent years, technologies supporting the optimization of logistics processes-such as route planning systems, real-time data analysis, and warehouse automation-have become increasingly important. The adoption of these technologies enables companies to manage resources more efficiently, while also reducing emissions and energy consumption. The main objective of this article is to investigate whether the adoption of such technologies correlates with higher levels of pro-environmental activities and greater commitment to corporate social responsibility (CSR), taking into account the specific characteristics of the Polish logistics market. Methods: The study employed descriptive statistics, Spearman's rank correlation, linear regression, Fisher's Z-transformation, and tests of normality and homogeneity of variance. Data were collected from 60 logistics companies, and selected through stratified random sampling based on company size, market of operation, and years of operation in the market. Indicators of technology use and sustainability were calculated to assess the extent of technology adoption and companies' commitment to sustainability. Building on this, statistical tests were performed to assess the strength and significance of the relationship between technology adoption and sustainability practices. Additionally, difference-in-differences analyses were conducted between subgroups identified by company size and business scope to assess the impact of these characteristics on the relationship between technology adoption and sustainability. Results: The analysis revealed a statistically significant positive correlation between the adoption of smart technologies and sustainability efforts. Companies operating in international markets, as well as those with more advanced technology implementations, demonstrated stronger sustainability performance. Regression analysis showed that the deployment of technology was a significant predictor of variation in sustainability practices among the surveyed companies. Further subgroup analysis suggested that the relationship between technology deployment and sustainability was stronger in larger companies and those with international operations. Conclusions: The findings suggest that smart technologies are playing a key role in enhancing the sustainability of the logistics sector in Poland, with their impact likely to be more pronounced in larger and internationally operating companies. For policymakers, this highlights the potential benefits of investing in technology to support sustainability goals and emphasizes the need for strategies tailored to the specific characteristics of companies.