Artykuł zawiera omówienie obecnego stanu badań nad interferometrią na wirach optycznych. Przedstawione są wyniki dotyczące rozwoju samych interferometrów oraz metod obróbki danych pomiarowych. Przedyskutowane są również niektóre potencjalne zastosowania interferometrii na wirach optycznych.
EN
The paper gives a short overview of the current research work on the optical vortex interferometry. The progress in the development of optical vortex interferometers and methods for interferograms analysis are presented. The possible applications of the optical vortex interferometry are discussed in brief.
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In the paper, it has been shown that an apochromatic triplet can be designed without employing special glasses. This possibility is offered when an optical system is composed of two lenses, i.e., hybrid and glass ones. Such a system is proposed and its spherochromatic aberration is determined. The aberration characteristic of the system is compared with that of a conventional glass apochromat.
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In the paper, the half-plane diffraction of the Gaussian light beam containing double and triple optical vortex is examined. The analysis is based on the scalar theory of diffraction in the Fresnel-Kirchhoff approximation. Special attention is paid to the dynamics of the optical vortex within the diffracted beam. Some results for the case of diffraction by a single slit are also presented.
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The elementary theory of aberrations as well as the skill to design optical systems of desired characteristics belong to canon subjests of optics teaching. However lecturing on aberrations theory is difficult from the didactic point of view and is little attractive to the students Besides, when designing the optical systems some specialized computer programs are used, which more and more seemingly eliminates the necessity of studying the theory of aberrations. In spite of this option, some acquaintance with relevant problems of aberration correction seems to be unavoidable. The aim of the present paper is to facilitate the mastering of a necessary minimum knowledge in the field of chromatic aberration correction. The problem of chromatic correction has been illustrated by typical examples. Such optical systems as classical glass doublet, hybrid lens and tripled have been considered. Three main types of chromatism correction, i.e., achromatic, apochromatic and superchromatic have been analysed. Also the spherochromatic aberration correction has been demonstrated.
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In the paper we consider condition for stigmatic imaging by spherical surface with deposited diffractive structure (hybrid surface). The results are verified numerically. We also present an example of fringe pattern which being deposited an plane refractive surface enables stigmatic imaging.
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