The Polish Geological Institute - National Research Institute (PGI-NRI) acts as the Polish Geological Survey (PGS) and is the main provider of geological maps in Poland. Since 1953 the Polish Geological Institute ’s activities have been focused on the construction of multi-sheet map editions covering the whole territory of the country. The most important map - first edition of the Detailed Geological Map of Poland in scale of1 : 50,000 (DGMP 1 : 50,000) - will be fully compiled in GIS technology in 2020. It is a basic map used for preparation of all other thematic maps and databases in the country, both in detailed and regional scale. Due to increased interest in geoturism in Poland, the PGS has started to elaborate geological-tourist maps, what is one of the basic forms of geoturism popularization.
Powódź w maju 2010 r. była największym kataklizmem zanotowanym w ciągu kilkunastu lat w Polsce. Straty materialne powstałe w jej wyniku są ogromne i w skali kraju wynoszą kilka miliardów złotych. Znaczna część tych strat jest związana z zalaniem terenów położonych w dolinach rzek na skutek przerwania wałów przeciwpowodziowych. Wały, które miały chronić tereny przyległe, w wielu przypadkach nie spełniły swojej roli. Na terenie województwa mazowieckiego zanotowano około 100 miejsc przerwania lub rozmycia wałów. Duże ryzyko przerwania wałów nastąpiło czasie ostatniej powodzi na terenie Warszawy. Wykonano badania geofizyczne mające na celu rozpoznanie budowy wałów przeciwpowodziowych i wskazanie miejsc ich osłabienia.
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The flood in May 2010 was the biggest disaster recorded in the last years in Poland. Material losses arising as a result of the flood were huge and reached several billion PLN in the whole country. Much of these losses was related to the areas located in river valleys as a result of interruption of flood banks. The flood banks, which were supposed to protect adjacent areas, in many cases did not fulfill their role. The Mazowieckie voivodship recorded about 100 points of interruption or damage of flood banks. The high risk of interruption of flood banks during the last flood occurred also in Warsaw area. The geophysical survey was carried out to recognize the construction of the flood banks and to indicate the places of their weakness.
Tills in fluvioglacial cone of Sucha Woda Valley near Toporowa Cyrhla and Niżnia Palenica Pańszczykowa were recognized during mapping Tatra Mountains in scale 1 : 10 000. Tills with big boulders occur outside maximum range of Würm Glaciation end moraines and probably were accumulated by glacier of Riss Glaciation. Grain size composition, petrographical content (grains 5–10 mm) and compositions of heavy minerals (grains 0.1–0.25 mm) were investigated in tills. Dusty and clay fraction prevails (50–70%) above sandy and gravel fraction in these sediments. Gravel of granite without sandstone predominates in samples from Toporowa Cyrhla and gravels of sandstone with granite prevail in deposits of Niżnia Palenica Pańszczykowa. Granite in tills deposits occur in upper part of Sucha Woda Valley near Hala Gąsienicowa. Sandstone occur in middle and lower part of valley. Different petrographical content of samples from Toporowa Cyrhla and Niżnia Palenica Pańszczykowa could indicate various glaciers accumulated tills or various age of investigated sediments. Non-resistant minerals and magnetite prevail among heavy minerals. These investigations suggest glacial origin of these deposits and delimit bigger range of glacial tills by this day.
Out of the 85 cavings located in the northern part of the SuchaWoda Valley (Polish Tatra Mountains), the majority are probably dead-ice depressions. Their state of preservation (degree of plant overgrowth etc.) can reveal the size of dead-ice blocks and the timing of their melting, whereas the location of these forms helps to estimate the rate of retreat of the Sucha Woda Glacier.
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