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2 Journal of Ecological Engineering

2 2021

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Use of Phytomeliorant Plants for Waste Water Purification

Issayeva Akmaral U., Yeshibayev Arystanbek A., Tleukeyeva Assel Ye., Issayev Yerzhan B.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2021

Vol. 22, nr 9

48--57

The use of phytomeliorant plants is one of the promising trends in environmental biotechnology to purify waste water. The study was carried out to understand the phytomeliorative qualities of plants of the indigenous flora of the Turkestan Region under controlled conditions and to develop a method for treating wastewater. It was established that the use of a three-stage treatment of municipal wastewater using phytomeliorant plants: Ceratophуllum demersum L., Potamogeton trichoides Cha. Et Schlecht., Potamogeton pectinatus L., Potamogeton natans L.; Cardamine densiflora N. Gontsch., Sium sizaroideum DC.; Veronica beccabunga L, Veronica anagallis aquatica L. and Azolla caroliniana Willd for 30 days of the controlled experiment reduces the content of organic and mineral ingredients to the MPC values. A method for phyto-meliorative wastewater treatment of one of the sanatoriums in the south of Kazakhstan was developed and carried out in multi-stage bioponds, where water was purified from mineral and organic compounds by 94.9 ± 8.3 – 98.9 ± 7.8% in 12 days. In this study, first of all, nitrogenous compounds were utilized, then there was an active absorption of mineral ions and residual organic matter by plants. In conclusion, significant purification of wastewater was achieved by using indigenous phytomeliorant plants in much shorter time period.

Comparative Assessment of Geomorphological and Landscape Features Around the Small Aral Sea

Issayeva Akmaral U., Yeshibayev Arystanbek A., Leska Boguslawa M., Messyasz Beata, Abubakirova Azhar A., Tleukeyeva Assel Ye.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2021

Vol. 22, nr 10

73--84

The ecological state of the Aral Sea remains an important issue affecting the overall state of the ecosystem in the region. Despite the fact that the state of the northern part of the sea or the Small Aral Sea can be described as stable, the southern part of the former sea continues to degrade. The area of degraded ecosystems around the Small Aral Sea is significant, and huge salt reserves remain the cause of further degradation of terrestrial ecosystems in the Aral Sea region. This study includes the results of geobotanical investigations researches of the dried bottom around the Small Aral Sea area. Five types of landscape-geomorphological formations of the dried-up sea were identified during the research. The creation of the formations took place during different periods of drying and depended on the element’s of sea relief. The vegetation of these landscapes is represented exclusively by salt-tolerant species of xerophytic flora. In this case, the number of plant species in the plant communities of these landscapes is directly proportional to the concentration of salt in the soil.