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Temporal and spatial variability of the fidgety movement descriptors and their relation to head position in automized general movement assessment

Doroniewicz Iwona, Ledwoń Daniel, Danch-Wierzchowska Marta, Bugdol Monika, Kieszczyńska Katarzyna, Affanasowicz Alicja, Matyja Małgorzata, Michnik Robert, Mitas Andrzej W., Myśliwiec Andrzej

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

2021

Vol. 23, no. 3

69--78

Purpose: In clinical practice, motor development in infants is assessed subjectively. Many researchers propose objective methods, which have numerous limitations, by attaching markers or sensors to the child’s limbs. The purpose of this study is to attempt to develop objectified numerical indices to describe the limb movements of infants without interfering with spontaneous activity. Methods: 20-minute video recordings of three infants’ movements who were purposively selected from 51 subjects were included in the study. The procedure of automatic calculation of head position time in 3 positions was applied. Movement features were determined to allow for the delineation of coefficients describing the movement in numerical values. Results: Presented parameters describe three infant’s movement aspects: quality (strength), distribution of postural tonus and asymmetry in relation to head position, described as four independent values. Estimated parameters variability over time was weighted up according to expert observations. The presented method is a direct reflection of infants' observation, currently performed by highly educated and experienced therapists. Conclusions: The interpretability and usefulness of the presented parameters were proved. All parameters estimation is fully automated. The conducted research is a prelude to future work related to creating an objective and repeatable tool, initially monitoring and ultimately supporting early diagnosis for differentiating normal and abnormal motor development.

The effect of the pelvis position in the sagittal plane on loads in the human musculoskeletal system

Michnik Robert, Zadoń Hanna, Nowakowska-Lipiec Katarzyna, Jochymczyk-Woźniak Katarzyna, Myśliwiec Andrzej, Mitas Andrzej W.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

2020

Vol. 22, no. 3

33--42

Purpose: The research work aimed to perform the mathematical modelling-based assessment concerning the effect of the position of the pelvis in the sagittal plane on loads present in the musculoskeletal system in the standing position. Methods: The analysis of the effect of various positions of the pelvis was performed using the Free Posture Model in the AnyBody Modeling System software. Simulated positions involving various values of pelvis inclination ranged from the extreme pelvic retroposition (–7°) through normative values (0–23°) to the extreme pelvic anteversion (33°). Results: The lowest resultant reaction forces in the intervertebral joints recorded for an angle of inclination restricted within the range of 9–27° and segment L5–S1 amounted to less than 0.7 BW. A change in the pelvic inclination from the normative values towards retroposition or anteversion resulted in the increased muscular activity of the erector spinae, transverse abdominal muscles as well as internal and external oblique muscles. Regarding the lower limbs, changes in the activity were observed in the biceps femoris muscle, iliac muscle, gluteus minimus, gluteus medius and the gluteus maximus. Conclusion: The results obtained in the research-related tests confirmed that the pelvic inclination affects loads present in the musculoskeletal system. The abovenamed results will be used to develop therapeutic exercises aimed to reduce loads present in the musculoskeletal system. The aforesaid exercises will be used to teach participants how to properly position their pelvis and how to activate individual groups of muscles.